Evaluation of commercial GaN HEMTs for pulsed power applications

A non-conformally invariant coupling between the inflaton and the photon in the minimal Lorentz-violating standard model extension is analyzed. For specific forms of the Lorentz-violating background tensor, the strong-coupling and back-reaction problems of magnetogenesis in de Sitter inflation with scale $${\sim }10^{16}\,\hbox {GeV}$$ are evaded, the electromagnetic-induced primordial spectra of (Gaussian and non-Gaussian) scalar and tensor curvature perturbations are compatible with cosmic microwave background observations, and the inflation-produced magnetic field directly accounts for cosmic magnetic fields

Mitochondria inter-organelle relationships in cancer protein aggregation

Mitochondria are physically associated with other organelles, such as ER and lysosomes, forming a complex network that is crucial for cell homeostasis regulation. Inter-organelle relationships are finely regulated by both tether systems, which maintain physical proximity, and by signaling cues that induce the exchange of molecular information to regulate metabolism, Ca2+ homeostasis, redox state, nutrient availability, and proteostasis. The coordinated action of the organelles is engaged in the cellular integrated stress response. In any case, pathological conditions alter functional communication and efficient rescue pathway activation, leading to cell distress exacerbation and eventually cell death. Among these detrimental signals, misfolded protein accumulation and aggregation cause major damage to the cells, since defects in protein clearance systems worsen cell toxicity. A cause for protein aggregation is often a defective mitochondrial redox balance, and the ER freshly translated misfolded proteins and/or a deficient lysosome-mediated clearance system. All these features aggravate mitochondrial damage and enhance proteotoxic stress. This review aims to gather the current knowledge about the complex liaison between mitochondria, ER, and lysosomes in facing proteotoxic stress and protein aggregation, highlighting both causes and consequences. Particularly, specific focus will be pointed to cancer, a pathology in which inter-organelle relations in protein aggregation have been poorly investigated

Engineering muscle networks in 3D gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels: influence of mechanical stiffness and geometrical confinement

In this work, the influence of mechanical stiffness and geometrical confinement on the 3D culture of myoblast-laden gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) photo-crosslinkable hydrogels was evaluated in terms of in vitro myogenesis. We formulated a set of cell-laden GelMA hydrogels with a compressive modulus in the range 1÷17 kPa, obtained by varying GelMA concentration and degree of cross-linking. C2C12 myoblasts were chosen as the cell model, to investigate the supportiveness of different GelMA hydrogels on myotube formation up to 2 weeks. Results showed that the hydrogels with a stiffness in the range 1÷3 kPa provided enhanced support to C2C12 differentiation in terms of myotube number, rate of formation and space distribution. Finally, we studied the influence of geometrical confinement on myotube orientation by confining cells within thin hydrogel slabs having different cross-sections: i) 2000×2000 m, ii) 1000×1000 m and iii) 500×500 m. The obtained results showed that by reducing the cross-section—i.e., by increasing the level of confinement—myotubes were more likely restrained and formed aligned myostructures that better mimicked the native morphology of skeletal muscle

Rethinking science communication in a changing landscape

Science communication continues to grow, develop and change, as a practice and field of research. The boundaries between science and the rest of society are blurring. Digitalization transforms the public sphere. This JCOM special issue aims to rethink science communication in light of the changing science communication landscape. How to characterize the emerging science communication ecosystem in relation to the introduction of new media and actors involved? What new practices are emerging? How is the quality of science communication maintained or improved? We present a selection of papers that provide different perspectives on these questions and challenges

Remote Colorimetric and Structural Diagnosis by RGB-ITR Color Laser Scanner Prototype

Since several years ENEA's Artificial Vision laboratory is involved in electrooptics systems development. In the last period the efforts are concentrated on cultural heritage remote diagnosis, trying to develop instruments suitable for multiple purposes concerning restoration, cataloguing, and education. Since last five years a new 3D (three-dimensional) laser scanner prototype (RGB-ITR) based on three amplitude-modulated monochromatic laser sources mixed together by dichroic filters is under development. Five pieces of information per each sampled point (pixel) are collected by three avalanche photodiodes and dedicated electronics: two distances and three target reflectivity signals for each channel, red, green, and blue. The combination of these pieces of information opens new scenarios for remote colorimetry allowing diagnoses without the use of scaffolds. Results concerning the use of RGB-ITR as colorimeter are presented

Salud mental y género: algunos interrogantes en la formación de grado

Como docentes de la cátedra de Trabajo Social V, materia del último año de la carrera, y pensando la perspectiva pedagógica de la formación de los estudiantes de la carrera de Trabajo Social, es que entendemos a esta asignatura como espacio posibilitador del proceso de síntesis. Los talleres son los espacios de formación teórico-metodológica donde se realizará el tratamiento pedagógico de las prácticas de formación profesional. Desde este trabajo intentaremos basarnos, en uno de esos campos tradicionales de actuación profesional, como es el campo de la salud y en especial el de la salud mental, articulándolo con la perspec de género. En este sentido el recorrido como docentes, tarea que implica la reflexión conjunta con los estudiantes y al mismo tiempo con los referentes de la práctica de formación, posibilitaron generar algunos interrogantes y reflexiones entorno al campo de la salud mental y a la categoría género. (Párrafo extraído del texto a modo de resumen)Eje temático: Salud - Reflexiones en torno a la salud mental y las políticas públicas contemporánea.Facultad de Trabajo Socia

Salud mental y género: algunos interrogantes en la formación de grado

Como docentes de la cátedra de Trabajo Social V, materia del último año de la carrera, y pensando la perspectiva pedagógica de la formación de los estudiantes de la carrera de Trabajo Social, es que entendemos a esta asignatura como espacio posibilitador del proceso de síntesis. Los talleres son los espacios de formación teórico-metodológica donde se realizará el tratamiento pedagógico de las prácticas de formación profesional. Desde este trabajo intentaremos basarnos, en uno de esos campos tradicionales de actuación profesional, como es el campo de la salud y en especial el de la salud mental, articulándolo con la perspec de género. En este sentido el recorrido como docentes, tarea que implica la reflexión conjunta con los estudiantes y al mismo tiempo con los referentes de la práctica de formación, posibilitaron generar algunos interrogantes y reflexiones entorno al campo de la salud mental y a la categoría género. (Párrafo extraído del texto a modo de resumen)Eje temático: Salud - Reflexiones en torno a la salud mental y las políticas públicas contemporánea.Facultad de Trabajo Socia

Techniques for Effective Optical Noise Rejection in Amplitude-Modulated Laser Optical Radars for Underwater Three-Dimensional Imaging

Amplitude-modulated (AM) laser imaging is a promising technology for the production of accurate three-dimensional (3D) images of submerged scenes. The main challenge is that radiation scattered off water gives rise to a disturbing signal (optical noise) that degrades more and more the quality of 3D images for increasing turbidity. In this paper, we summarize a series of theoretical findings, that provide valuable hints for the development of experimental methods enabling a partial rejection of optical noise in underwater imaging systems. In order to assess the effectiveness of these methods, which range from modulation/demodulation to polarimetry, we carried out a series of experiments by using the laboratory prototype of an AM 3D imager ( = 405 nm) for marine archaeology surveys, in course of realization at the ENEA Artificial Vision Laboratory (Frascati, Rome). The obtained results confirm the validity of the proposed methods for optical noise rejection