38,824 research outputs found
US assessments of Japanese ground warfare tactics and the Armyâs campaigns in the Pacific theaters, 1943-45: lessons learned and methods applied
The article examines the evolution of US intelligence assessments of the Imperial Japanese Army's tactical methods during the Pacific War, and explains how the resulting perceptions influenced the development of American doctrine for fighting the Japanese. It argues that US evaluations of the Japanese were characterized primarily by the need to gain a realistic understanding of enemy fighting capabilities, coupled with a realization of the need to improve the army's techniques for fighting a successful campaign
Dismantling the âLesser Menâ and âSupermenâ myths: US intelligence on the imperial Japanese army after the fall of the Philippines, winter 1942 to spring 1943
During the opening stages of the Pacific War, between December 1941 and
spring 1942, the Imperial Japanese Army appeared unstoppable. US forces in the
Philippines, despite their efforts, could not hold out against the enemy advance, and by
April the last vestiges of their resistance at Bataan and Corregidor became untenable.
The intelligence obtained during the initial encounters provided the US defense
establishment with undeniable reasons to conclude that Japanese ground forces
possessed a high level of tactical skill, and assessments of the Imperial Japanese Army
tended to exaggerate the latterâs capabilities
Realistic caution and ambivalent optimism: US intelligence assessments and war preparations against Japan, 1918-1941
Throughout the years prior to the outbreak of the Pacific War, the United States defence establishment held an ambiguous view on Japanese policy and strategic aims. A number of factors precluded a clear-cut forecast, among the most important of which was the opportunistic and secretive manner in which Japanese leaders formulated their plans. Under the circumstances, the available intelligence could not provide a definite indication of the moves which the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) and Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) would undertake. The situation was further complicated because reliable pieces of evidence revealed Japan did not possess the military and economic resources to defeat a coalition of several Great Powers. The Americans were thus not inclined to expect the Imperial forces to undertake a full-scale conquest of the AsiaâPacific region. The inadequate knowledge of Japanese war plans, in turn, was one of the key factors which led United States defence officials to believe that efforts to bolster their military strength in the Far East were not necessary
Decoherence at zero temperature
Most discussions of decoherence in the literature consider the
high-temperature regime but it is also known that, in the presence of
dissipation, decoherence can occur even at zero temperature. Whereas most
previous investigations all assumed initial decoupling of the quantum system
and bath, we consider that the system and environment are entangled at all
times. Here, we discuss decoherence for a free particle in an initial
Schr\"{o}dinger cat state. Memory effects are incorporated by use of the single
relaxation time model (since the oft-used Ohmic model does not give physically
correct results)
A Natural Language Interface to Databases
The development of a Natural Language Interface (NLI) is presented which is semantic-based and uses Conceptual Dependency representation. The system was developed using Lisp and currently runs on a Symbolics Lisp machine
A natural language interface to databases
The development of a Natural Language Interface which is semantic-based and uses Conceptual Dependency representation is presented. The system was developed using Lisp and currently runs on a Symbolics Lisp machine. A key point is that the parser handles morphological analysis, which expands its capabilities of understanding more words
Recharge unit provides for optimum recharging of battery cells
Percent recharge unit permits each cell of a rechargeable battery to be charged to a preset capacity of the cell. The unit automatically monitors and controls a rechargeable battery subjected to charge-discharge cycling tests
Dynamic wormholes
A new framework is proposed for general dynamic wormholes, unifying them with
black holes. Both are generically defined locally by outer trapping horizons,
temporal for wormholes and spatial or null for black and white holes. Thus
wormhole horizons are two-way traversible, while black-hole and white-hole
horizons are only one-way traversible. It follows from the Einstein equation
that the null energy condition is violated everywhere on a generic wormhole
horizon. It is suggested that quantum inequalities constraining negative energy
break down at such horizons. Wormhole dynamics can be developed as for
black-hole dynamics, including a reversed second law and a first law involving
a definition of wormhole surface gravity. Since the causal nature of a horizon
can change, being spatial under positive energy and temporal under sufficient
negative energy, black holes and wormholes are interconvertible. In particular,
if a wormhole's negative-energy source fails, it may collapse into a black
hole. Conversely, irradiating a black-hole horizon with negative energy could
convert it into a wormhole horizon. This also suggests a possible final state
of black-hole evaporation: a stationary wormhole. The new framework allows a
fully dynamical description of the operation of a wormhole for practical
transport, including the back-reaction of the transported matter on the
wormhole. As an example of a matter model, a Klein-Gordon field with negative
gravitational coupling is a source for a static wormhole of Morris & Thorne.Comment: 5 revtex pages, 4 eps figures. Minor change which did not reach
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