Designs for graphs with six vertices and nine edges

The design spectrum has been determined for eleven of the 21 graphs with six vertices and nine edges. In this paper we completely solve the design spectrum problem for the remaining ten graphs

Icosahedron designs

It is known from the work of Adams and Bryant that icosahedron designs of order v exist for v ≡ 1 (mod 60) as well as for v = 16. Here we prove that icosahedron designs exist if and only if v ≡ 1, 16, 21 or 36 (mod 60), wit

The optical and near-infrared properties of nearby groups of galaxies

We present a study of the optical (BRI) and near-infrared (JHK) luminosity fuctions (LFs) of the GEMS sample of 60 nearby groups of galaxies between 0<z<0.04, with our optical CCD photometry and near-IR photometry from the 2MASS survey. The LFs in all filters show a depletion of galaxies of intermediate luminosity, two magnitudes fainter than L*, within 0.3 R{500} from the centres of X-ray faint groups. This feature is not as pronounced in X-ray bright gropus, and vanishes when LFs are found out to R{500}, even in the X-ray dim groups. We argue that this feature arises due to the enhanced merging of intermediate-mass galaxies in the dynamically sluggish environment of low velocity-dispersion groups, indicating that merging is important in galaxy evolution even at z~0.Comment: to appear in the proceedings of the ESO workshop "Groups of Galaxies in the Nearby Universe", Santiago, Dec 5-9, 2005. Eds. I. Saviane, V. Ivanov, & J. Borissova (Springer Verlag); 5 page

The Age, Metallicity and Alpha-Element Abundance of Galactic Globular Clusters from Single Stellar Population Models

Establishing the reliability with which stellar population parameters can be measured is vital to extragalactic astronomy. Galactic GCs provide an excellent medium in which to test the consistency of Single Stellar Population (SSP) models as they should be our best analogue to a homogeneous (single) stellar population. Here we present age, metallicity and $\alpha$-element abundance measurements for 48 Galactic globular clusters (GCs) as determined from integrated spectra using Lick indices and SSP models from Thomas, Maraston & Korn, Lee & Worthey and Vazdekis et al. By comparing our new measurements to independent determinations we are able to assess the ability of these SSPs to derive consistent results -- a key requirement before application to heterogeneous stellar populations like galaxies. We find that metallicity determinations are extremely robust, showing good agreement for all models examined here, including a range of enhancement methods. Ages and $\alpha$-element abundances are accurate for a subset of our models, with the caveat that the range of these parameters in Galactic GCs is limited. We are able to show that the application of published Lick index response functions to models with fixed abundance ratios allows us to measure reasonable $\alpha$-element abundances from a variety of models. We also examine the age-metallicity and [$\alpha$/Fe]-metallicity relations predicted by SSP models, and characterise the possible effects of varied model horizontal branch morphology on our overall results.Comment: 22 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

The neutron polaron as a constraint on nuclear density functionals

We study the energy of an impurity (polaron) that interacts strongly in a sea of fermions when the effective range of the impurity-fermion interaction becomes important, thereby mapping the Fermi polaron of condensed matter physics and ultracold atoms to strongly interacting neutrons. We present Quantum Monte Carlo results for this neutron polaron, and compare these with effective field theory calculations that also include contributions beyond the effective range. We show that state-of-the-art nuclear density functionals vary substantially and generally underestimate the neutron polaron energy. Our results thus provide constraints for adjusting the time-odd components of nuclear density functionals to better characterize polarized systems.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2 corresponds to the published versio

Efficient sorting of Bessel beams

We demonstrate the efficient sorter of Bessel beams separating both the azimuthal and radial components. This is based upon the recently reported transformation of angular to transverse momentum states. We separately identify over forty azimuthal and radial components, with a radial spacing of 1588 m&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;, and outline how the device could be used to identify the two spatial dimensions simultaneously

Ingestive behaviour and diet selection in grazing cattle and sheep

A review of the literature suggested that the ingestive behaviour of grazing animals is largely determined by the structure and botanical composition of the sward, but little information is available from indigenous, temperate swards or for cattle and sheep grazing together. The following three grazing experiments were carried out to examine aspects of the responses of cattle and sheep to variations in sward conditions.In the first, animal responses, in terms of ingestive behaviour and diet composition, to changes in the structure of sown swards were examined. In the second, the influence of the presence of dung of the same or the opposite species on grazing patterns and herbage utilisation in cattle and sheep, and hence on their complementarity of grazing was examined. In the third experiment the responses of cattle and sheep to indigenous hill grass swards of different botanical and morphological composition were studied in relation to the seasonal cycle of herbage growth, through measurements of ingestive behaviour, herbage intake, diet composition and diet digestibility.To test the validity of the assumption that oesophageal - fistulated and non -fistulated animals selected the same diet, a small experiment was carried out, in which the botanical composition of the faeces was found not to differ significantly between the two groups.It was found that on sown pastures with a high herbage mass and highly accessible leaf, herbage intakes estimated from measurements of intake per bite and total daily bites were very high over short periods, but that herbage intake declined as a result of a reduction in intake per bite. It was postulated that the reduction in intake per bite was under an internal control, rather than a result of a response to changing sward conditions. The cattle grazed less selectively than the sheep with the result that the swards grazed by cattle were more evenly grazed than those grazed by sheep.Cattle rejected a herbage fouled by their own species to a greater extent than did sheep. The conclusion was drawn that under mixed grazing a greater proportion of the herbage would be available to the sheep giving them an advantage over the cattle.On the indigenous swards the cattle and sheep selected diets of similar OMD except in the spring and autumn on short swards containing a high proportion of dead herbage, where the sheep obtained diets between 5 and 12 units of digestibility higher than those of the cattle. Intake per bite was found to be the major determinant of daily herbage intake in both species, and was influenced primarily by sward height. Where intake per bite declined, due to declining sward height, rate of biting increased. Increases in grazing time occurred where intakes per bite were particularly low, but this was not a consistent response. The cattle responded to increases in the density of the sward by increasing rate of biting; the sheep increased grazing time. Very low intakes per bite in the early spring on short swards where the digestibility of the diet selected was low led to digestible organic matter intakes by the cattle that were only barely adequate for maintenance.Cattle consistently ate higher proportions of grass flower stems and Juncus whilst the sheep consistently ate higher proportions of dicots. To obtain these diets the cattle grazed the surface horizons whilst the sheep grazed the base of the sward. On short swards in the spring the cattle were unable to avoid eating a higher proportion of dead herbage than the sheep.The cattle and sheep altered their ingestive behaviour in a consistent manner across the range of swards. Changes in diet selection varied to a greater extent within season than within swards. The selective ability of the sheep, particularly when herbage quality was poor, allowed them to maintain the nutrient concentration of their diets. The cattle maximised nutrient intake, particularly in the summer months. The different grazing strategies of the cattle and sheep enabled them to be complementary rather than competitive grazers in the summer months

Orbiting astronomical observatory Final report /including status reports for 1 Dec. 1967 - 30 Jun. 1968 and 1 Jul. 1968 - 31 Mar. 1969/

Research activities of Lunar and Planetary Laborator

Mirror Map as Generating Function of Intersection Numbers: Toric Manifolds with Two K\"ahler Forms

In this paper, we extend our geometrical derivation of expansion coefficients of mirror maps by localization computation to the case of toric manifolds with two K\"ahler forms. Especially, we take Hirzebruch surfaces F_{0}, F_{3} and Calabi-Yau hypersurface in weighted projective space P(1,1,2,2,2) as examples. We expect that our results can be easily generalized to arbitrary toric manifold.Comment: 45 pages, 2 figures, minor errors are corrected, English is refined. Section 1 and Section 2 are enlarged. Especially in Section 2, confusion between the notion of resolution and the notion of compactification is resolved. Computation under non-zero equivariant parameters are added in Section