ifo Konjunkturprognose 2007/2008: Aufschwung mit niedrigerem Tempo

Die Weltwirtschaft befindet sich im vierten Jahr eines konjunkturellen Aufschwungs und expandierte auch im Frühjahr 2007 kräftig. Das Bruttoinlandsprodukt legte infolge der günstigen Ertragslage der Unternehmen, höherer Aktienkurse und der zwar zuletzt gestiegenen, aber immer noch vergleichsweise niedrigen langfristigen Zinsen dynamisch zu. Und auch im Prognosezeitraum wird die Expansion der Weltwirtschaft schwungvoll bleiben, sich jedoch etwas abflachen. In der Eurozone setzt sich der Aufschwung zunächst schwungvoll fort, verliert aber im nächsten Jahr etwas an Dynamik. In den Industrieländern wird das Bruttoinlandsprodukt im Jahr 2007 um 2,5% und im Jahr 2008 um 2,8% zunehmen. Der Welthandel wird in diesem Jahr um 7,5% und im nächsten Jahr um 8,0% expandieren. In Deutschland hat sich der Aufschwung nach der Jahreswende trotz der Erhöhung der Mehrwertsteuer fortgesetzt. Saisonbereinigt ist die gesamtwirtschaftliche Produktion im ersten Quartal mit einer laufenden Jahresrate von 2,1% gestiegen, zuvor hatte das Expansionstempo allerdings noch bei 4,0% gelegen. Im Prognosezeitraum dürfte sich der konjunkturelle Aufschwung fortsetzen, dabei aber nicht mehr die hohe Dynamik des vergangenen Jahres erreichen. Die gesamtwirtschaftliche Produktion wird im laufenden Jahr um 2,6% expandieren; arbeitstäglich bereinigt um 2,8%. Im Jahr 2008 tritt der konjunkturelle Aufschwung in seine Spätphase ein.Weltkonjunktur, Konjunkturprognose, Wirtschaftslage, Wirtschaftswachstum, Deutschland, Welt

Aquilegia, Vol. 31 No. 6, Winter 2007, Newsletter of the Colorado Native Plant Society

https://epublications.regis.edu/aquilegia/1122/thumbnail.jp

High probability of comorbidities in bronchial asthma in Germany

Clinical experience has shown that allergic and non-allergic respiratory, metabolic, mental, and cardiovascular disorders sometimes coexist with bronchial asthma. However, no study has been carried out that calculates the chance of manifestation of these disorders with bronchial asthma in Saarland and Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Using ICD10 diagnoses from health care institutions, the present study systematically analyzed the co-prevalence and odds ratios of comorbidities in the asthma population in Germany. The odds ratios were adjusted for age and sex for all comorbidities for patients with asthma vs. without asthma. Bronchial asthma was strongly associated with allergic and with a lesser extent to non-allergic comorbidities: OR 7.02 (95% CI:6.83–7.22) for allergic rhinitis; OR 4.98 (95%CI:4.67–5.32) allergic conjunctivitis; OR 2.41 (95%CI:2.33–2.52) atopic dermatitis; OR 2.47 (95%CI:2.16–2.82) food allergy, and OR 1.69 (95%CI:1.61–1.78) drug allergy. Interestingly, increased ORs were found for respiratory diseases: 2.06 (95%CI:1.64–2.58) vocal dysfunction; 1.83 (95%CI:1.74–1.92) pneumonia; 1.78 (95%CI:1.73–1.84) sinusitis; 1.71 (95%CI:1.65–1.78) rhinopharyngitis; 2.55 (95%CI:2.03–3.19) obstructive sleep apnea; 1.42 (95%CI:1.25–1.61) pulmonary embolism, and 3.75 (95%CI:1.64–8.53) bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Asthmatics also suffer from psychiatric, metabolic, cardiac or other comorbidities. Myocardial infarction (OR 0.86, 95%CI:0.79–0.94) did not coexist with asthma. Based on the calculated chances of manifestation for these comorbidities, especially allergic and respiratory, to a lesser extent also metabolic, cardiovascular, and mental disorders should be taken into consideration in the diagnostic and treatment strategy of bronchial asthma

Meridional circulation in turbulent protoplanetary disks

Based on the viscous disk theory, a number of recent studies have suggested there is large scale meridional circulation in protoplanetary disks. Such a flow could account for the presence of crystalline silicates, including calcium- and aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs), at large distances from the sun. This paper aims at examining whether such large-scale flows exist in turbulent protoplanetary disks. High-resolution global hydrodynamical and magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) numerical simulations of turbulent protoplanetary disks were used to infer the properties of the flow in such disks. By performing hydrodynamic simulations using explicit viscosity, we demonstrate that our numerical setup does not suffer from any numerical artifact. The aforementioned meridional circulation is easily recovered in viscous and laminar disks and is quickly established. In MHD simulations, the magnetorotational instability drives turbulence in the disks. Averaging out the turbulent fluctuations on a long timescale, the results fail to show any large-scale meridional circulation. A detailed analysis of the simulations show that this lack of meridional circulation is due to the turbulent stress tensor having a vertical profile different from the viscous stress tensor. A simple model is provided that successfully accounts for the structure of the flow in the bulk of the disk. In addition to those results, possible deviations from standard vertically averaged alpha disk models are suggested by the simulations and should be the focus of future work. Global MHD numerical simulations of fully ionized and turbulent protoplanetary disks are not consistent with the existence of a large-scale meridional flow. As a consequence, the presence of crystalline silicates at large distance for the central star cannot be accounted for by that process as suggested by recent models based on viscous disk theory.Comment: 16 pages, 13 figures, changes according to referee report. Accepted to Astronomy and Astrophysic

German S3 guideline "actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma" – long version of the update 2023

Actinic keratosis (AK) are common lesions in light-skinned individuals that can potentially progress to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Both conditions may be associated with significant morbidity and constitute a major disease burden, especially among the elderly. To establish an evidence-based framework for clinical decision making, the guideline “actinic keratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma” was updated and expanded by the topics cutanepus squamous cell carcinoma in situ (Bowen’s disease) and actinic cheilitis. This guideline was developed at the highest evidence level (S3) and is aimed at dermatologists, general practitioners, ear nose and throat specialists, surgeons, oncologists, radiologists and radiation oncologists in hospitals and office-based settings, as well as other medical specialties, policy makers and insurance funds involved in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with AK and cSCC

Micropapillary bladder cancer: Current treatment patterns and review of the literature

No guidelines exist for management of micropapillary bladder cancer (MPBC) and the majority of reports of this variant of urothelial carcinoma (UC) are case series comprised of small numbers of patients. We sought to determine current practice patterns for MPBC using a survey sent to the Society of Urologic Oncology (SUO) and to present those results in the setting of a comprehensive review of the existing literature