Gergelim: qualidade de grãos cultivados em Mato Grosso em função do tipo de colheita.

Resumo: O estado de Mato Grosso é o principal produtor de gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.) do Brasil. Entretanto, apesar do interesse pela cultura e do crescimento na produção, diversas lacunas de manejo ainda precisam ser preenchidas de forma a permitir maior expansão e rentabilidade desta cultura. Uma operação crítica na produção de gergelim é a etapa de colheita que pode influenciar diretamente a quantidade e qualidade de grãos. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a qualidade de grãos de gergelim produzidos comercialmente em Mato Grosso na safra 2019/2020, colhidos de forma mecânica e manual. A qualidade dos grãos, de seis materiais genéticos comerciais, foi avaliada pela determinação de suas propriedades físicas e fisiológicas e pela determinação da composição química. Foram avaliadas 20 amostras, sendo quatorze provenientes de colheita mecânica e seis de colheita manual. As propriedades avaliadas dos grãos de gergelim produzidos no estado de Mato Grosso, colhidos mecânica ou manualmente, permitirão o desenvolvimento ou aprimoramento de equipamentos para expansão da cultura. | Abstract: The state of Mato Grosso is the first producer of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Brazil. However, despite the interest in the culture and the growth in production, several management gaps still need to be filled in order to allow greater expansion and profitability of this culture. A critical operation in sesame production is the harvest stage, which can directly influence the quantity and quality of grains. In this way, the present work aimed to evaluate the quality of sesame grains produced commercially in Mato Grosso in the 2019/2020 harvest, harvested mechanically and manually. The grain quality of six commercial genetic materials was evaluated by determining their physical and physiological properties and by determining their chemical composition. Twenty samples were evaluated, fourteen from mechanical harvest and six from manual collection. The evaluated properties of the sesame seeds produced in the state of Mato Grosso, harvested mechanically or manually, will allow the development or improvement of equipment for the expansion of the culture

The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response in Neuroprogressive Diseases: Emerging Pathophysiological Role and Translational Implications

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the main cellular organelle involved in protein synthesis, assembly and secretion. Accumulating evidence shows that across several neurodegenerative and neuroprogressive diseases, ER stress ensues, which is accompanied by over-activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Although the UPR could initially serve adaptive purposes in conditions associated with higher cellular demands and after exposure to a range of pathophysiological insults, over time the UPR may become detrimental, thus contributing to neuroprogression. Herein, we propose that immune-inflammatory, neuro-oxidative, neuro-nitrosative, as well as mitochondrial pathways may reciprocally interact with aberrations in UPR pathways. Furthermore, ER stress may contribute to a deregulation in calcium homoeostasis. The common denominator of these pathways is a decrease in neuronal resilience, synaptic dysfunction and even cell death. This review also discusses how mechanisms related to ER stress could be explored as a source for novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative and neuroprogressive diseases. The design of randomised controlled trials testing compounds that target aberrant UPR-related pathways within the emerging framework of precision psychiatry is warranted

The disruption of proteostasis in neurodegenerative diseases

Cells count on surveillance systems to monitor and protect the cellular proteome which, besides being highly heterogeneous, is constantly being challenged by intrinsic and environmental factors. In this context, the proteostasis network (PN) is essential to achieve a stable and functional proteome. Disruption of the PN is associated with aging and can lead to and/or potentiate the occurrence of many neurodegenerative diseases (ND). This not only emphasizes the importance of the PN in health span and aging but also how its modulation can be a potential target for intervention and treatment of human diseases.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio