In Vitro Essay Analysis Of 50wt.% Ha-50wt.% Tio2 Composite Prepared By The Polymeric Sponge Method [análise De Ensaios In Vitro Do Compósito De 50% Ha-50% Tio2 Fabricados Pelo Método Da Esponja Polimérica]

Once there is an increase on technology applied to human health, life expectancy has increased, but not all body parts can maintain their functions with aging process. Tissue engineering has developed for replacing, repairing or reconstructing lost or damaged tissues or organs by accidents or serious diseases through using and developing of new materials, which are biocompatible, bioabsorbable, porous, etc. This research aimed on evaluating in vitro essays of porous hydroxyapatite - titanium oxide (HA-TiO2) composite, with 50wt.% HA - 40wt.% TiO2 for using as scaffolds on bone tissue engineering. Samples have been made by the polymeric sponge method, using sodium bicarbonate as binder and flocculant. Sintering has been done at 1250 °C; 1300 °C and 1350 °C. Fibroblasts and osteoblasts immortalized lineages have been used to evaluate the composite cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and growth. Three samples were used for those essays at an interval of five days. Results have shown satisfactory, with fibroblasts and osteoblasts adhesion and growth, which serves as an indicator for the composite can be submitted to in vivo essays.60356586593Scheffler, M., Colombo, P., (2005) Cellular Ceramics, 670p. , Weinheim: Wiley-Vch Verlag GmbH & CoBlom, A., Which scaffold for which application? (2007) Curr. Orthop., 21, pp. 280-287Burg, K.J.L., Porter, S., Kellam, J.F., Biomaterial developments for bone tissue engineering (2000) Biomater., 21, pp. 2347-2359Ahsan, T., Nerem, R.M., Bioengineered tissues: The science, the technology, and the industry (2005) Orthod. Craniofacial Res., 8, pp. 134-140Langer, R., (2000) Tissue Eng. Molecular Therapy, 1, p. 12Tabata, Y., Biomaterial technology for tissue engineering applications (2009) J. R. Soc. Interface, 6, pp. S311-S324Hench, L.L., Pereira, M.M., Oréfice, R.L., Jones, J.R., Biocompatibilidade, bioatividade e Engenharia de Tecidos (2006) Biomateriais: Fundamentos e Aplicações, 16, pp. 481-506. , Ed. Cultura Médica, Rio de Janeiro, RJKaigler, D., Mooney, D., Tissue engineering's impact on dentistry (2001) J. Dent. Educ., 65 (5), pp. 456-462Sachlos, E., Czernuska, J.T., Making tissue engineering scaffolds work. Review on the application of solid freeform fabrication technology to the production of tissue engineering scaffolds (2003) Eur. Cell Mater., 5, pp. 29-40Marins, L.V., Cestari, T.M., Sottovia, A.D., Granjeiro, J.M., Taga, R., Radiographic and histological study of perennial bone defect repair in rat calvaria after treatment with blocks of porous bovine organic graft material (2004) J. Appl. Oral Sci., 12 (1), pp. 62-69Hench, L.L., Biomaterials: A forecast for the future (1998) Biomater., 19, pp. 1419-1423Hench, L.L., Polak, J.M., Xynos, I.D., Buttery, L.D., Bioactive materials to control cell cycle (2000) Mater. Res. Innovat., 3, pp. 313-323Solomão, Z., (2011) Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Compósitos de Poli (ε-caprolactona) (PCL) e β-fostato Tricálcico (β-TCP) Para Uso em Biomateriais, , Diss. Mestrado, Fac. Engenharia Mecânica, Univ. Estadual de Campinas, SPGomide, V.S., (2005) Desenvolvimento e Caracterização Mecânica de Compósitos Hidroxiapatita-zircônia, Hidroxiapatita-alumina e Hidroxiapatita-titânia Para Fins Biomédicos, , Diss. Mestrado, Fac. Engenharia Mecânica, Univ. Estadual de Campinas, SPCoelho, M.B., Soarez, I.R., Pereira, M.M., Estruturas macroporosas de vidro bioativo para cultura de células do tecido ósseo (2002) Anais 15° Cong. Bras. Eng. Ci. Mater., , Natal, RNValerio, P., Pereira, M.P., Góes, A.M., Leite, M.F., The effect of ionic products from bioactive glass dissolution on osteoblast proliferation and collagen production (2004) Biomater., 25, pp. 2941-2948Ratner, B.D., Hoffman, A.S., Schoen, F.J., Lemons, J.E., (1996) Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine, 864p. , Academic Press, London, UKAnderson, J.M., Gristina, A.G., Hanson, S.R., Host reactions to biomaterials and their evaluation (1996) Biomaterials Sciencean Introduction to Materials in Medicine, 1, pp. 165-214. , B. D. Ratner, A. S. Hoffman, F. J. Schoen, J. E. Lemons, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, EUABayley, P.J., Sponge implants as models (1988) Methods in Enzymology, 162, pp. 327-334Hench, L.L., Polak, J.M., Third generation biomedical materials (2002) Science, 295, pp. 1014-1017Kellomaki, M., Tormala, P., Processing of resorbable poly-alpha-hydroxy acids for use as tissue engineering scaffolds (2004) Methods Molecular Biology, 238, pp. 1-10May, T., Hauser, H., Wirth, D., In vitro expansion of tissue cells by conditional proliferation (2007) Tissue Engineering, pp. 1-15. , H. Hauser, M. Fussenegger, 2nd Ed., Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, EUASaggio-Woyansky, J., Scott, C.E., Processing of porous ceramics (1992) Am. Ceram. Soc. Bul., 71 (11), pp. 1674-1682Junqueira, L.C., Carneiro, J., (2008) Histologia Básica, 528p. , 11a Ed., Ed. Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro, RJGartner, L.P., (2003) Tratado de Histologia, 472p. , 2a Ed. Ed. Guanabara Koogan, Rio de Janeiro, R

Millettia macrophylla (Fabaceae) phenolic fraction prevents differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the increased risks of cardiovascular diseases in ovariectomized rats

Ethnopharmacological relevance: A prolonged estrogen deficiency alters lipid metabolism and increases risks of cardiovascular diseases. Phytoestrogens, naturally occurring compounds with estrogenic properties are reported to have cardiovascular protective effects. Millettia macrophylla used in the Cameroonian traditional system to treat physiological disorders related to menopause, was previously reported to have estrogenic effects. Aim: We, therefore, proposed evaluating the in vitro and in vivo effects of M. macrophylla phenolic fraction on some risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Material and methods: In vitro, the ability of the M. macrophylla phenolic fraction (PF) as well as the 9 isolates to prevent the 3T3-L1 preadipocytes differentiation was assessed. Further, the preventive effects of PF on abdominal fat accumulation, body weight gain, lipid profile, nitric oxide level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed in a postmenopausal rat model. Results: In vitro, PF and its isolate secundiferol I inhibited lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 cells. Moreover, all the isolates except daidzein dimethylether prevented the interleukin IL-6 production in 3T3-L1 cells. In vivo, PF prevented ovariectomy-induced abdominal fat accumulation, body weight gain, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance and decreased atherogenic index. In addition, it induced a vasorelaxant effect by preventing the low level of nitric oxide in the aorta. PF also exhibited antioxidant effects as it increased aorta GSH level, SOD, and catalase activities and decreased MDA level. Conclusions: Taken together, our data suggest that PF prevents the increased risks of cardiovascular diseases in ovariectomized rats. © 2018 Elsevier B.V