Insights into cerumen and application in diagnostics: past, present and future prospective

Cerumen or earwax is an emerging bio-fluid in clinical diagnosis that has been very little exploited during the past decades in spite of its high diagnostic potential. It is highly abundant in diagnostic biomarkers such as genetic material, lipids, proteins, chemical elements, internal and external metabolites (e.g. hormones, volatile organic compounds, amino acids, xenobiotics etc.) reaching earwax from the blood circulation. Thus, it is able to reflect not only physiology, pathophysiology of the human body but can also detect recent and long term exposure to environmental pollutants, without the need of invasive blood tests and in the same time overcoming many disadvantages faced by using other diagnostic biological fluids. This review discusses the biology, functions, chemistry of earwax, past and current approaches for the study of its chemical composition, emphasizing how a detected variation in its composition can offer information of high clinical value, which can be useful in diagnosis of many diseases such as metabolic disorders and tumours as well as in forensic applications. It also presents details about techniques of sample collection, storage, and analysis. Moreover, it highlights concerns about the use of earwax for diagnostic purposes, which should be addressed to make earwax diagnostics a reality in the future

Desenvolvimento e aplicação de sistema passivo de coleta de poluentes atmosféricos para monitoramento de Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn e particulados totais

The objective of this study was to assess a new monitoring technique of particulate and trace metals in the atmosphere via the use of a passive sampler of air pollutants in the city of Goiânia. The average particulate weight and average concentrations of metals Fe, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cu, Mn, and Cd were 0.1104 g and 257.5; 23.4; 17.8; 6.7; 1.9; 0.8; 0.2 μg/m²/day, respectively. Higher Pb and Cr concentrations were obtained in areas with intense traffic. This study revealed that it is possible to monitor trace metals with passive sampling, developed at a low cost and operational facility

PROPOSTA DE ALTERNATIVAS MENOS TÓXICAS PARA INGREDIENTES ATIVOS DE AGROTÓXICOS NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO

Realizou-se levantamento dos ingredientes ativos (IA) registrados no Brasil, sugerindo alternativas para substituição daqueles com maior toxicidade/impacto ambiental nas culturas de arroz, cana-de-açúcar, café, citrus, milho, feijão, soja e pastagens. As substituições foram propostas para 2,4-D, azociclotina, carbofurano, endossulfan, fenamifós e terbufós. Acredita-se que este estudo possa servir como referência no sentido de auxiliar a formulação de políticas que reduzam os riscos ambientais inerentes ao uso desses insumos

Isotretinoin: pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and analytical profiles

A isotretinoína, quimicamente conhecida como ácido-13-cis-retinóico, faz parte do amplo grupo de compostos relacionados à vitamina A. É empregada particularmente no tratamento da acne cística e nodular e como inibidor da proliferação de células neoplásicas, por exercer efeito regulador sobre a diferenciação celular. Os efeitos adversos envolvendo o uso de isotretinoína estão relacionados à pele e membranas mucosas, sistemas nervoso, músculo esquelético, linfático, gastrintestinal, cardiorespiratório e geniturinário. A isotretinoína é um composto termo e fotossensível e, por assim se apresentar, desperta o interesse pelo estudo de sua estabilidade, empregando-se para isso várias metodologias analíticas como a CLAE, CG, análise térmica, espectroscopia de massa, microcalorimetria, difratometria de raios-X e muitas outras que devem ser selecionadas de acordo com o interesse do pesquisador.Isotretinoin, or 13-cis-retinoic acid, is one of the vitamin A related compounds. Isotretinoin is used for the treatment of severe cystic acne and also shows inhibitory activity over the proliferation of neoplasic cells, due to its efficiency in regulating cell diferentiation. Side effects are related to skin and mucous membranes, central nervous system, muscles, lymphatic, gastrintestinal, pulmonary and genitourinary systems. Isotretinoin is a highly thermal and photolabile compound. Stability studies require several analytical methods such as HPLC, GC, thermal analysis, mass spectrometry, microcalorimetry and X-Ray difratometry

Utilização de pelos de animais silvestres para monitoramento ambiental de Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb e Zn

This study investigates the use of wild animal hair of C. brachyurus, C. thous and L. pardalis as biomonitors of trace metal at Parque Nacional das Emas, Brazil. Results reveal a strong correlation between Cd and Pb as well as Cu and Zn, which suggests a single source of emission. Most metals showed a lower or equal concentration than those obtained in previous studies. The research shows that monitoring may be performed only with Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cr because of statistical similarity and of a non-natural occurrence of large amounts of the material under analysis

AVALIAÇÃO DAS BRÂNQUIAS DE Danio rerio EXPOSTOS A DIFERENTES CONCENTRAÇÕES DE GASOLINA E DIESEL

O presente trabalho foi elaborado com o intuito de estudar os efeitos dos combustíveis fósseis nas brânquias do peixe Danio rerio (Cyprinidae). Os animais foram expostos a diferentes concentrações de gasolina e óleo diesel, entre 6,25 % a 100 %, mediante testes ecotoxicológicos. Os resultados demonstraram que os combustíveis em sua composição comum ou pura são letais e em alguns casos provocam severas lesões como, necrose, hipertrofia das células, aneurismas e edemas, levando os animais à morte

Desenvolvimento e validação de método para a determinação de pesticidas organoclorados e trihalometanos em água usando HRGC-ECD

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-04-10T14:16:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Maria Isabel Ribeiro Alves - 2010.pdf: 584921 bytes, checksum: de7892d9fb38ede9b0a4783a39aa5cc8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-04-11T12:14:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Maria Isabel Ribeiro Alves - 2010.pdf: 584921 bytes, checksum: de7892d9fb38ede9b0a4783a39aa5cc8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-11T12:14:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Maria Isabel Ribeiro Alves - 2010.pdf: 584921 bytes, checksum: de7892d9fb38ede9b0a4783a39aa5cc8 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010The development and validation of a simultaneous liquid-liquid extraction method for organochlorine pesticides and trihalomethanes in surface and drinking water by HRGC-ECD is described. The method presents acceptable recovery, with detection ranging from 2.7 to 49.0 ng L-1 for organochlorine pesticides and from 18.0 to 860.0 ng L-1 for trihalomethanes. The extraction method also presents excellent linearity for all the analytes, with excellent repeatability. Extraction is simple, fast, and low cost, uses small amounts of solvent and aqueous sample, and is suitable for routine analyses.O presente trabalho trata do desenvolvimento e validação de um método de extração para a determinação simultânea de trihalometanos e pesticidas organoclorados em água superficial e água potável por HRGC-ECD. O método apresenta recuperação aceitável, com limites de detecção que variam de 2,7 a 49,0 ng L-1 para pesticidas organoclorados e de 18,0 a 860,0 ng L-1 para trihalometanos. O método de extração apresenta também excelente linearidade para todos os analitos e boa repetibilidade. A extração é simples, rápida, de baixo custo, além de utilizar pequenas quantidades de solvente e de amostra aquosa, sendo, portanto, de alta aplicabilidade em análises de rotina

Comparative analysis of content in free steroids of different oils, fats and biodiesel by gas chromatography

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-04-04T12:47:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Kelly da Silva Bezerra - 2015.pdf: 660163 bytes, checksum: 1fdc18182f41172e72a0958443be496a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-04-04T13:15:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Kelly da Silva Bezerra - 2015.pdf: 660163 bytes, checksum: 1fdc18182f41172e72a0958443be496a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-04T13:15:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Kelly da Silva Bezerra - 2015.pdf: 660163 bytes, checksum: 1fdc18182f41172e72a0958443be496a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05In this study, the percentage content of free steroid in oils, fats and biodiesel was analyzed. For this, the saponification reaction on a microscale was used, and this procedure for extraction of unsaponifiable fraction was studied in several experimental steps. After the process of saponification, the unsaponifiable fraction was analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector, where all steroids present in each oil, fat and biodiesel were identified and their contents determined and compared to their respective biodiesel. A reduction in unsaponifiable fraction of each oil and fat and its biodiesel was noted, as well as a reduction in the content of free steroids. The results showed that, compared to the sedimentation problem of steroids in biodiesel, some raw materials, such as chicken fat and babassu oil may be promising because they have low content and high reduction percentages of steroids when converted to biodiesel