Produção de edificações sustentáveis: desafios e alternativas

A discussão do projeto e execução de edificações sustentáveis vem sendo abordada por diferentes autores, em geral com foco no desempenho da edificação e vida útil dos materiais. Entretanto, para atender aos requisitos de desempenho ambiental das edificações, existe também a necessidade de se introduzir mudanças na organização e gestão do processo projetual. Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou como a incorporação dos requisitos da sustentabilidade ambiental podem influenciar as práticas de projeto de arquitetura e engenharia. Reconhecendo a influência francesa na produção de edificações sustentáveis no Brasil - em decorrência da adoção por algumas empresas brasileiras do referencial Aqua (adaptado do HQE® francês) - , a pesquisa foi realizada junto a empresas que atuam naquele país. Os resultados apontam que a melhoria do processo de projeto depende do estabelecimento de um sistema de gestão que possa auxiliar os profissionais a lidarem com o grande número requisitos relacionados com a edificação sustentável. Também indicam a necessidade de revisão dos esquemas adotados até então, de forma a viabilizar a introdução da interoperabilidade entre os diferentes profissionais de projeto, desde a concepção arquitetônica, que deve se tornar responsabilidade de toda a equipe de projeto

Split T Cell Tolerance against a Self/Tumor Antigen: Spontaneous CD4+ but Not CD8+ T Cell Responses against p53 in Cancer Patients and Healthy Donors

Analyses of NY-ESO-1-specific spontaneous immune responses in cancer patients revealed that antibody and both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were induced together in cancer patients. To explore whether such integrated immune responses are also spontaneously induced for other tumor antigens, we have evaluated antibody and T cell responses against self/tumor antigen p53 in ovarian cancer patients and healthy individuals. We found that 21% (64/298) of ovarian cancer patients but no healthy donors showed specific IgG responses against wild-type p53 protein. While none of 12 patients with high titer p53 antibody showed spontaneous p53-specific CD8+ T cell responses following a single in vitro sensitization, significant p53-specific IFN-γ producing CD4+ T cells were detected in 6 patients. Surprisingly, similar levels of p53-specific CD4+ T cells but not CD8+ T cells were also detected in 5/10 seronegative cancer patients and 9/12 healthy donors. Importantly, p53-specific CD4+ T cells in healthy donors originated from a CD45RA− antigen-experienced T cell population and recognized naturally processed wild-type p53 protein. These results raise the possibility that p53-specific CD4+ T cells reflect abnormalities in p53 occurring in normal individuals and that they may play a role in processes of immunosurveillance or immunoregulation of p53-related neoplastic events

AN OVERVIEW OF TOOL FOR RESPONSE ACTION COST ESTIMATING (TRACE)

Tools and techniques that provide improved performance and reduced costs are important to government programs, particularly in current times. An opportunity for improvement was identified for preparation of cost estimates used to support the evaluation of response action alternatives. As a result, CH2M HILL Plateau Remediation Company has developed Tool for Response Action Cost Estimating (TRACE). TRACE is a multi-page Microsoft Excel{reg_sign} workbook developed to introduce efficiencies into the timely and consistent production of cost estimates for response action alternatives. This tool combines costs derived from extensive site-specific runs of commercially available remediation cost models with site-specific and estimator-researched and derived costs, providing the best estimating sources available. TRACE also provides for common quantity and key parameter links across multiple alternatives, maximizing ease of updating estimates and performing sensitivity analyses, and ensuring consistency

Proposal of a product model for the building trade

Like other industries, the building trade has had to face up to economic crisis. It is crucial for all the interacting parties to design and achieve new practices and methods, allowing them to improve performances as well as the quality of the object to be built, while reducing the costs of building projects. To achieve this, a multiple evolution of the building trade is necessary: a technical evolution which defines a process for improving performances, an organisational evolution which better structures the building project procedure and improves communication between the actors, and finally a human evolution which increases the practical and theoretical background of the parties involved. The research of Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Mécanique Industrielle et Humaine, Université de Valenciennes, particularly concerns the last two points, and aims to define a complete methodology to apply a concurrent engineering approach to the building trade. This methodology includes three stages: the definition of a building project procedure which integrates a concurrent approach, the establishment of a product model, and the design of an integrated computer system for the building trade.

Projet pilote de recuperation d'energie avec stockage dans le sol

CNRS RP 400 (56) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Rapport final de recherche KREPIS

CNRS RP 400 (967) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc

Projet AMACH Approche multi-acteurs du confort dans l'habitat

SIGLEAvailable at INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : RP 400 (1606) / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc