223 research outputs found
Gapless Excitation above a Domain Wall Ground State in a Flat Band Hubbard Model
We construct a set of exact ground states with a localized ferromagnetic
domain wall and with an extended spiral structure in a deformed flat-band
Hubbard model in arbitrary dimensions. We show the uniqueness of the ground
state for the half-filled lowest band in a fixed magnetization subspace. The
ground states with these structures are degenerate with all-spin-up or
all-spin-down states under the open boundary condition. We represent a spin
one-point function in terms of local electron number density, and find the
domain wall structure in our model. We show the existence of gapless
excitations above a domain wall ground state in dimensions higher than one. On
the other hand, under the periodic boundary condition, the ground state is the
all-spin-up or all-spin-down state. We show that the spin-wave excitation above
the all-spin-up or -down state has an energy gap because of the anisotropy.Comment: 26 pages, 1 figure. Typos are fixe
Duality relations for the ASEP conditioned on a low current
We consider the asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) on a finite
lattice with periodic boundary conditions, conditioned to carry an atypically
low current. For an infinite discrete set of currents, parametrized by the
driving strength , , we prove duality relations which arise from
the quantum algebra symmetry of the generator of the
process with reflecting boundary conditions. Using these duality relations we
prove on microscopic level a travelling-wave property of the conditioned
process for a family of shock-antishock measures for particles: If the
initial measure is a member of this family with microscopic shocks at
positions , then the measure at any time of the process
with driving strength is a convex combination of such measures with
shocks at positions . which can be expressed in terms of
-particle transition probabilities of the conditioned ASEP with driving
strength .Comment: 26 page
Entanglement Content of Quantum Particle Excitations I. Free Field Theory
We evaluate the entanglement entropy of a single connected region in excited states of one-dimensional massive free theories with finite numbers of particles, in the limit of large volume and region length. For this purpose, we use finite-volume form factor expansions of branch-point twist field two-point functions. We find that the additive contribution to the entanglement due to the presence of particles has a simple "qubit" interpretation, and is largely independent of momenta: it only depends on the numbers of groups of particles with equal momenta. We conjecture that at large momenta, the same result holds for any volume and region lengths, including at small scales. We provide accurate numerical verifications
Conditioned stochastic particle systems and integrable quantum spin systems
We consider from a microscopic perspective large deviation properties of
several stochastic interacting particle systems, using their mapping to
integrable quantum spin systems. A brief review of recent work is given and
several new results are presented: (i) For the general disordered symmectric
exclusion process (SEP) on some finite lattice conditioned on no jumps into
some absorbing sublattice and with initial Bernoulli product measure with
density we prove that the probability of no absorption event
up to microscopic time can be expressed in terms of the generating function
for the particle number of a SEP with particle injection and empty initial
lattice. Specifically, for the symmetric simple exclusion process on conditioned on no jumps into the origin we obtain the explicit first and
second order expansion in of and also to first order in
the optimal microscopic density profile under this conditioning. For the
disordered ASEP on the finite torus conditioned on a very large current we show
that the effective dynamics that optimally realizes this rare event does not
depend on the disorder, except for the time scale. For annihilating and
coalescing random walkers we obtain the generating function of the number of
annihilated particles up to time , which turns out to exhibit some universal
features.Comment: 25 page
The Bound State S-matrix of the Deformed Hubbard Chain
In this work we use the q-oscillator formalism to construct the atypical
(short) supersymmetric representations of the centrally extended Uq (su(2|2))
algebra. We then determine the S-matrix describing the scattering of arbitrary
bound states. The crucial ingredient in this derivation is the affine extension
of the aforementioned algebra.Comment: 44 pages, 3 figures. v2: minor correction
Quantum Computing Without Wavefunctions: Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for Universal Quantum Computation
We prove that the theorems of TDDFT can be extended to a class of qubit Hamiltonians that are universal for quantum computation. The theorems of TDDFT applied to universal Hamiltonians imply that single-qubit expectation values can be used as the basic variables in quantum computation and information theory, rather than wavefunctions. From a practical standpoint this opens the possibility of approximating observables of interest in quantum computations directly in terms of single-qubit quantities (i.e. as density functionals). Additionally, we also demonstrate that TDDFT provides an exact prescription for simulating universal Hamiltonians with other universal Hamiltonians that have different, and possibly easier-to-realize two-qubit interactions. This establishes the foundations of TDDFT for quantum computation and opens the possibility of developing density functionals for use in quantum algorithms
Cosmic Ray Anomalies from the MSSM?
The recent positron excess in cosmic rays (CR) observed by the PAMELA
satellite may be a signal for dark matter (DM) annihilation. When these
measurements are combined with those from FERMI on the total () flux
and from PAMELA itself on the ratio, these and other results are
difficult to reconcile with traditional models of DM, including the
conventional mSUGRA version of Supersymmetry even if boosts as large as
are allowed. In this paper, we combine the results of a previously
obtained scan over a more general 19-parameter subspace of the MSSM with a
corresponding scan over astrophysical parameters that describe the propagation
of CR. We then ascertain whether or not a good fit to this CR data can be
obtained with relatively small boost factors while simultaneously satisfying
the additional constraints arising from gamma ray data. We find that a specific
subclass of MSSM models where the LSP is mostly pure bino and annihilates
almost exclusively into pairs comes very close to satisfying these
requirements. The lightest in this set of models is found to be
relatively close in mass to the LSP and is in some cases the nLSP. These models
lead to a significant improvement in the overall fit to the data by an amount
dof in comparison to the best fit without Supersymmetry
while employing boosts . The implications of these models for future
experiments are discussed.Comment: 57 pages, 31 figures, references adde
Search for Charged Higgs Bosons in e+e- Collisions at \sqrt{s} = 189 GeV
A search for pair-produced charged Higgs bosons is performed with the L3
detector at LEP using data collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 188.6 GeV,
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 176.4 pb^-1. Higgs decays into a
charm and a strange quark or into a tau lepton and its associated neutrino are
considered. The observed events are consistent with the expectations from
Standard Model background processes. A lower limit of 65.5 GeV on the charged
Higgs mass is derived at 95 % confidence level, independent of the decay
branching ratio Br(H^{+/-} -> tau nu)
Relative entanglement entropies in 1 + 1-dimensional conformal field theories
We study the relative entanglement entropies of one interval between excited states of a 1+1 dimensional conformal field theory (CFT). To compute the relative entropy S(\u3c11\u2016\u3c10) between two given reduced density matrices \u3c11 and \u3c10 of a quantum field theory, we employ the replica trick which relies on the path integral representation of Tr(\u3c11\u3c1n 1210) and define a set of R\'enyi relative entropies Sn(\u3c11\u2016\u3c10). We compute these quantities for integer values of the parameter n and derive via the replica limit, the relative entropy between excited states generated by primary fields of a free massless bosonic field. In particular, we provide the relative entanglement entropy of the state described by the primary operator i 02\u3d5, both with respect to the ground state and to the state generated by chiral vertex operators. These predictions are tested against exact numerical calculations in the XX spin-chain finding perfect agreement. \ua9 2017, The Author(s)
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