Pianismo de concerto no Rio de Janeiro do século xix

The object of our study is the introduction, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, of a new concept of piano playing, during the nineteenth century, what we call concert-pianism. At that time. it meant a new approach conceming piano playing; namely, the new focus on the solists, the intemational virtuosi that began giving concerts in the city, very much in the tradition of romanticism : the world touring heroe-artist, the genius, and so on. The fact bears,connections with the society structural transformations, which the country was going through. This approach had a counterpart in what we call salon-pianism, which means basically private music in homes, salons or even small events, to which ball music, singing and instrumental performance of technically non-complex music is related. We try to work out, in the study of the phenomenon, two complementary approaches: one interpreting analysis, in a dialetical basis, as to connect it to the wider range of social history. On the other hand, giving it a treatment of a communication phenomenon, we make an attempt to identify the constituting elements of the aesthetic message, and at last, the way it relates to the social structure.CAPESFINEPO foco deste estudo é a introdução de uma nova prática pianística de concerto no Rio de Janeiro, em meados do século XIX, a que chamamos de pianismo de concerto, objetivada pelo enfoque solístico e virtuosístico, associado à estética romântica, heroicizadora da figura do artista, e concretizada com a vinda dos primeiros grandes pianistas virtuoses internacionais, a se apresentarem ao público nos teatros da cidade. Como hábito importado da Europa, integra um corpo de transformações culturais ligadas às transformações da estrutura social do país, como parte de um ideário burguês das elites brasileiras. Esta prática conviveu com o pianismo de salão, como convenciona-se chamar a prática pianística, cujas manifestações mais características são as danças de salão, as peças de caráter, em geral curtas, as modinhas e árias, acompanhadas ou transcritas para piano, de menor complexidade técnica, habituais nos saraus, onde os participantes eram os próprios executantes. Tentamos trabalhar, neste estudo do fenômeno, duas visões que se complementam: uma análise interpretativa, com base dialética, com o fim de articulá-lo na história social; e uma abordagem como fenômeno de comunicação, na tentativa de identificar os elementos constitucionais dessa mensagem estética e, ao final, a maneira como ela se relaciona com a estrutura social

Physical-hydrical characterization in a dystrophic dusky-red latosol of Londrina, PR, Brazil

Estudaram-se as propriedades físico-hídricas de um Latossolo Roxo Distrófico do município de Londrina, PR (23º23'S e 51º11'W). Foram determinados os seguintes parâmetros: granulometria, densidade real e aparente das partículas, curvas características da umidade, porosidade, condutividade hidráulica, capacidade de campo, água disponível, capacidade de retenção de água (armazenamento), infiltração. Os dados das curvas características da umidade do solo, da condutividade hidráulica, e os referentes à infiltração estão apresentados em figuras e em equações, para facilitar a manipulação dos dados experimentais.The soil physical and hydrological properties of a dusky-red latosol dystrophic from Londrina, PR, Brazil (23º 23'S, 51º11'W), were evaluated. The following parameters were determined: granulometry, real density, bulk density, characteristic moisture curves, porosity, hydraulic conductivity, field capacity, available water, water storage capacity and infiltration. The data from characteristic moisture curves; hydraulic conductivity and infiltration were presented in figures and equations, contributing to facilitate the manipulation of experimental data

Simple bone cyst : description of 60 cases seen at a Brazilian School of Dentistry and review of international literature

The aim of this study was to describe the relative frequency and the main demographic and clinic-radiographic features related to patients diagnosed with Simple bone cyst (SBC) in an Oral Diagnosis Service in Southeast Brazil and present a review and discussion of international literature on this topic. SBC cases from our service encompassing the period between 1978 and 2017 were selected. In addition, a literature search was performed in the Pubmed/MEDLINE online electronic database published between 1951 and 2019. A total of 2,459 cystic lesions were documented in our service, thus 60 patients were diagnosed with the SBC representing 2.4% of all jaw cystic. Most of cases were asymptomatic. Multiple SBC lesions were seen in two patients (3.4%) and association with cemento-osseous dysplasia was seen in one female patient (1.7%). A total of 793 cases were enrolled in this literature review. The SBC is an asymptomatic lesion often discovered in routine image exams in young patients. The unilocular, well defined margin with scalloped appearance is characteristic and helps the definition of diagnosis. This review suggests a different epidemiologic trend concerning to the sex and it confirms the posterior region of mandible as the more frequent location. The conservative treatment with limited exploration and curettage remains as the gold-standard treatment

Oral peripheral nerve sheath tumors : a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 32 cases in a Brazilian population

Oral peripheral nerve sheath tumors (OPNSTs) are reactive or neoplastic diseases that develop from proliferation of the nerve itself or their limiting sheaths. Here we describe the clinicopathologic data of OPNSTs observed in a sample of the Brazilian population and evaluate the expression of molecules associated with neural biology to determine their usefulness in the diagnosis. Descriptive study of cases diagnosed as OPNSTs, from the Pathology Laboratory at the School of Dentistry/ Federal University of Uberlandia, followed by an immunohistochemical study of S-100, CD57, neurofilament protein (NFP) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). OPNSTs comprised 0.27% of all biopsies. There were eight patients with neurofibromas, eight with traumatic neuromas, seven with schwannomas, five with granular cell tumor (GCT), and four with palisaded encapsulated neuromas (PEN). Women were more frequently affected (60.6% of the cases). Tongue and lips prevailed as the most frequent sites. S-100 was reactive in 100% of the cases. Neural fibers evidenced by CD57 reactivity of their Schwann cells were always nested in bundles within neurofibromas and GCT, absent within schwannomas and dispersed within PEN. Reactivity for NFP was limited to axons and then followed the same pattern of CD57, though much less evident. Reactivity for EMA was observed in the capsular tissues and perineurium of nerve fascicles, and absent in parenchymal cells of GCT. This study showed that OPNSTs are rare, widely benign and often found in tongue and lips. OPNSTs evolve from a common origin to distinct histological patterns, with eventual overlapping in their clinical and morphologic features. The arrangement of reactive residual neural fibers for CD57 can be a useful staining in the differential diagnosis of OPNSTs

Galectin-3 and beta-catenin expression in premalignant and carcinomatous lesions in tongue of mice

INTRODUÇÃO: A galectina-3 (GAL3) apresenta importantes papéis na biologia tumoral e recentemente foi mostrada a sua participação na via de sinalização Wnt, translocando a beta-catenina para o núcleo. Expressão alterada de GAL3 e beta-catenina tem sido descrita em cânceres, mas não há estudos avaliando a expressão de ambas em displasias e carcinomas desenvolvidos em modelos de carcinogênese de língua. OBJETIVOS: Estudar a expressão de GAL3 e beta-catenina em lesões displásicas e carcinomas induzidos experimentalmente em língua de camundongos. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Vinte camundongos C57BL/6 machos foram desafiados com 4NQO na água de beber por 16 semanas e sacrificados na semana 16 e 32. Após o sacrifício, as línguas foram removidas, processadas, coradas por hematoxilina e eosina (HE) para detecção de displasias e carcinomas. Ensaio imuno-histoquímico foi realizado para determinar o índice de positividade para GAL3 e beta-catenina nessas lesões, bem como uma correlação entre elas em carcinomas. RESULTADOS: O número de camundongos afetados por carcinoma aumentou entre as semanas 16 e 32 (22,2% vs. 88,9%) e o de displasia diminuiu (66,7% vs. 11,1%). Um aumento de células positivas para beta-catenina não membranosa e GAL3 citoplasmática foi observado nas displasias e nos carcinomas, mas essa diferença não foi estatisticamente significativa. No entanto, um aumento estatisticamente significativo de GAL3 nuclear foi observado na evolução de displasia para carcinoma (p = 0,04). Nenhuma correlação foi encontrada entre beta-catenina e GAL3. CONCLUSÃO: Tanto nas displasias quanto nos carcinomas a via de sinalização Wnt está ativa, e o aumento de GAL3 nuclear nos carcinomas sugere um papel na transformação maligna do epitélio lingual.INTRODUCTION: Galectin-3 plays pivotal role in tumor biology and its participation in Wnt signaling pathway translocating beta-catenin into the nucleus has been recently demonstrated. Altered galectin-3 and beta-catenin expressions have been described in different tumors, however, there are no studies evaluating their expression in dysplasias and carcinomas induced in carcinogenic tongue models. OBJECTIVES: To study galectin-3 and beta-catenin expressions in dysplasias and carcinomas experimentally induced in mouse tongue. METHODS: Twenty C57Bl/6 male mice were treated with 4NQO in their drinking water for 16 weeks and sacrificed at weeks 16 and 32. Tongues were removed, routinely processed, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to detect dysplasias and carcinomas. An immunohistochemical assay was performed to determine the level of positivity for galectin-3 and beta-catenin in these lesions as well as their correlation in carcinomas. RESULTS: The number of mice affected by carcinomas increased from week 16 to week 32 (22.2% vs. 88.9%) and the number affected by dysplasias decreased (66.7% vs. 11.1%). There was an increase in non-membranous beta-catenin- and cytoplasmic galectin-3-positive cells in dysplasias and carcinomas, although this difference was not statiscally significant. Nonetheless, there was a significant increase of nuclear galectin-3-positive cells in the evolution from dysplasia to carcinoma (p = 0.04). There was no correlation between beta-catenin and galectin-3. CONCLUSION: Wnt signaling pathway is active in both dysplasias and carcinomas and the increase of nuclear galectin-3-positive cells in carcinomas suggests its influence on malignant transformation in the tongue epithelium.(FAPEMIG) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerai

Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers at the invasive front of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignances. In epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), epithelial cells switch to mesenchymal-like cells exhibiting high mobility. This migratory phenotype is significant during tumor invasion and metastasis. Objective : The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of the EMT markers E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin in OSCC. Material and Methods : Immunohistochemical detection of E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vimentin was performed on 20 OSCC samples. Differences in the expression of each protein at the invasive front (IF) and in the central/superficial areas (CSA) of the tumor were assessed. Differences in the expression of each protein at the IF of both histologically high- and low-invasive OSCCs were evaluated. Associations among expression of proteins at the IF were assessed. Correlations between the expression levels of each protein at the IF and the tumor stage and clinical nodal status were also evaluated. Results : Reduced expression of E-cadherin was detected in 15 samples (75%). E-cadherin expression was reduced at the IF when compared to the CSA and in high-invasive tumors when compared to low-invasive tumors. All samples were negative for N-cadherin, even though one sample showed an inconspicuous expression. Positive expression of vimentin was observed in 6 samples (30%). Nevertheless, there was no difference in vimentin expression between the IF and the CSA regions or between the low- and high-invasive tumors. Furthermore, no association was observed among protein expression levels at the IF. Finally, no correlations were observed between each protein’s expression levels and tumor stage or clinical nodal status. Conclusions : Reduced E-cadherin expression at the IF and its association with histological invasiveness suggest that this protein is a noteworthy EMT marker in OSCC. Although vimentin was also detected as an EMT marker, its expression was neither limited to the IF nor was it related to histological invasiveness

Differential metallothionein expression in oral lichen planus and amalgam-associated oral lichenoid lesions

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease mediated by T cells, which manifests as reticular (white) or erosive (red) lesions, that are eventually painful. Oral lichenoid lesion (OLL) are distinguished from OLP by the presence of precipitating factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of metallothionein, which is involved in anti-apoptotic pathways and the anti-oxidative response, could serve as a differential diagnostic for OLP and OLL. We evaluated the expression of metallothionein in 40 cases of OLP and 20 cases of OLL using immunohistochemistry. White OLP has higher concentrations of metallothionein than red OLP in basal and parabasal layers. Moreover, metallothionein was more frequently observed in the cytoplasm and nuclei of basal cells in OLP patients compared to the same regions of OLL cases. Metallothionein levels are related to OLP severity and may contribute to a differential diagnosis between OLP and OLL

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis: clinical and ultrastructural features of a new family

Objective: This article describes the diagnosis, clinical and microscopic (histopathology and ultrastructural) features and treatment of a new family with hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) and highlights the importance of this genetic condition. Study Design: To characterize the pattern of inheritance and the clinical features, members of a new family with HGF were examined. The pedigree was reliably constructed including the four latest generations of family. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and ultrastructural analysis were performed with the gingival tissue. Results: Examination of the family pedigree revealed that the patient III-2 represent the index patient of this family (initial patient with a mutation), which was transmitted to her daughter through an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. The affected patients showed a generalized gingival overgrowth. The patient was treated with surgical procedures of gingivectomy and gingivoplasty. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology examination that showed a well-structured epithelium with elongated and thin papillae inserted in fibrous connective tissue with increased amount of collagen. The ultrastructural aspects of the tissue show collagen fibrils exhibiting their typically repeating banding pattern with some fibrils displaying loops at their end. Moreover, it was possible to seen in some regions fibrillar component presenting tortuous aspects and loss of the alignment among them. Conclusions: This HGF frequently resulted in both esthetic and functional problems. The genetic pattern of this Brazilian family suggested a new mutation, which was later transmitted by an autosomal dominant trait