Double-Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in a Y-type atomic system

We study the absorption and dispersion properties of a weak tunable probe field in a four-level Y-type atomic system driven by two strong laser (coupling) fields within the framework of density matrix formalism. It is found that the probe absorption profile displays double-electromagnetically induced transparency (double-EIT) and it is shown how to control it by changing the Rabi frequencies as well as the atom field detuning of the coupling fields.Comment: 8 page

The design and engineering of a unified data access layer : bridging data consumers and diverse data sources

In the research and development process at Océ, considerable amounts of data are being generated by either machines or services. This data is used by different data consumers at Océ for various purposes such as analysis and reporting. However, since the data is generated by different machines and for different purposes, the data sources are incompatible in the sense of the format and the access technology. When a data consumer requires data from different data sources, it has to write its own integration code. This leads to effort and time for each data consumer. Therefore, there is a need to have a unified Data Access Layer between data sources and data consumers to reduce the effort and time for each data consumer. In addition, for solving the incompatibility of data formats, the goal is to provide a schema and type system, in which data structures are mapped with each other. Design and implementation of the data access layer is an important goal to show the validation of the chosen technology. Design challenges are: 1) mapping the schema of the data sources to the foreign tables. 2) automatic process of creating foreign tables when the schema evolves, and 3) designing reusable foreign data wrappers. These challenges are addressed in the design. The system quality is validated based on the user feedback. The report also lists several recommendations for future improvements

The design and engineering of a unified data access layer : bridging data consumers and diverse data sources

In the research and development process at Océ, considerable amounts of data are being generated by either machines or services. This data is used by different data consumers at Océ for various purposes such as analysis and reporting. However, since the data is generated by different machines and for different purposes, the data sources are incompatible in the sense of the format and the access technology. When a data consumer requires data from different data sources, it has to write its own integration code. This leads to effort and time for each data consumer. Therefore, there is a need to have a unified Data Access Layer between data sources and data consumers to reduce the effort and time for each data consumer. In addition, for solving the incompatibility of data formats, the goal is to provide a schema and type system, in which data structures are mapped with each other. Design and implementation of the data access layer is an important goal to show the validation of the chosen technology. Design challenges are: 1) mapping the schema of the data sources to the foreign tables. 2) automatic process of creating foreign tables when the schema evolves, and 3) designing reusable foreign data wrappers. These challenges are addressed in the design. The system quality is validated based on the user feedback. The report also lists several recommendations for future improvements

Quantized form factor shift in the presence of free electron laser radiation

In electron scattering, the target form factors contribute significantly to the diffraction pattern and carry information on the target electromagnetic charge distribution. Here we show that the presence of electromagnetic radiation, as intense as currently available in Free Electron Lasers, shifts the dependence of the target form factors by a quantity that depends on the number of photons absorbed or emitted by the electron as well as on the parameters of the electromagnetic radiation. As example, we show the impact of intense ultraviolet and soft X-ray radiation on elastic electron scattering by Ne-like Argon ion and by Xenon atom. We find that the shift brought by the radiation to the form factor is in the order of some percent. Our results may open up a new avenue to explore matter with the assistance of laser

A Fabry-Perot interferometer with quantum mirrors: nonlinear light transport and rectification

Optical transport represents a natural route towards fast communications, and it is currently used in large scale data transfer. The progressive miniaturization of devices for information processing calls for the microscopic tailoring of light transport and confinement at length scales appropriate for the upcoming technologies. With this goal in mind, we present a theoretical analysis of a one-dimensional Fabry-Perot interferometer built with two highly saturable nonlinear mirrors: a pair of two-level systems. Our approach captures non-linear and non-reciprocal effects of light transport that were not reported previously. Remarkably, we show that such an elementary device can operate as a microscopic integrated optical rectifier

Asthenopia Pada Pekerja Wanita Di Call Centre-x

. Nowdays, computers have been used widely in every kind of occupation. One of the health problems of the computer using is eyestrain or asthenopia. Some experts have tried to correlate the exposure of Video Display Terminal (VDT) with the occurrence of asthenopia but until present there is no database about the prevelance of computer operators found they more easily become asthenopic. The complain of asthenopia itself is subjective and varies in every individual and therefore one measureable objective value is needed to determine the occurrence of the asthenopia case itself.The design of the study was using "pre and post test", it involved 72 subjects in "X"-call centre and using photostress test to measure objectively the occurrence ofasthenopia by measuring the increasing of Macular Recovery Time (MKT) before and after working.The average shift of MKT was about 2.98 ± 3.57 second within 68.1 % of thesubjects, which were evaluated after 4-hour working time with their VDT. The distance between the eyes to VDT and the satisfaction with the working shift arrangement had significant correlation with the occurrence of asthenopia. There was significant correlation between subjective complaints such as pain within the area around the eyes,headache and dry eyes due to increasing of the MR

Interatomic van der Waals potential in the presence of a magneto-electric sphere

On the basis of a general formula obtained earlier via fourth-order erturbation theory within the framework of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics, the van der Waals potential between two neutral, unpolarized, ground-state atoms in the presence of a homogeneous, dispersing and absorbing magnetoelectric sphere is studied. When the radius of the sphere becomes sufficiently large, the result asymptotically agrees with that for two atoms near a planar interface. In the opposite limit of a very small sphere, the sphere can effectively be regarded as being a third ground-state atom, and the nonadditive three-atom van der Waals potential is recovered. To illustrate the effect of a sphere of arbitrary radius, numerical results are presented for the triangular arrangement where the atoms are at equidistance from the sphere, and for the linear arrangement where the atoms and the sphere are aligned along a straight line. As demonstrated, the enhancement or reduction of the interaction potential in the presence of purely electric or magnetic spheres can be physically understood in terms of image charges.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figure

Synergistic Accumulative Effect of Salicylic Acid and Dibutyl Phthalate on Paclitaxel Production in Corylus avellana Cell Culture

Suspension cell cultures of Corylus avellana were challenged with salicylic acid and its combined use with dibutyl phthalate solvent. Salicylic acid with concentrations of 12.5, 25 and 50 mg L–1 and 10% (v/v) dibutyl phthalate were used and added on day 8 and 10 of subculture, respectively. The results showed that growth, viability and protein content of cells were decreased by the treatments, compared to control. In all treatments, hydrogen peroxide content and lipid peroxidation rate of cells increased, compared to those of the control cells. Activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase increased by salicylic acid and, dibutyl phthalate exaggerated effect of salicylic acid. While flavonoids content decreased by the treatments, paclitaxel content increased significantly. The extracellular paclitaxel was more affected, compared to cell-associated paclitaxel and all treatments increased paclitaxel release and specific yield compared to that of the control. The most production of paclitaxel and specific yield of it were observed under effect of combined use of salicylic acid (50 mg L–1) and dibutyl phthalate, suggesting a synergistic accumulative effect

Comparative study on lipid quality of anchovy kilka (Clupeonella engrauliformis) under temporary chilled transport and storage methods

The Anchovy kilka, (Clupeonella engrauliformis) is the most commercially important of the caspian kilka. The poor quality of many processed products is due to poor quality of raw material in which the quality of fat is a contributing factor of great importance. In this study, samples from fishing vessels were transported and stored under two metods of Chilled Sea Water (CSW) and Boxed with ice powder. In Chilled Sea Water method, containers were filled with ratio of 60, 25 and 15 percent of fish and ice and sea water, respectively. Then their qualitative characteristics such as moisture content, total lipid, phospholipid and neutral lipids, peroixids value, free fatty acids, heme iron and tiobarbituric acid content, organic phase fluorescense. Statistical analysis of results showed that CSW was a better method for maintaining the quality