687 research outputs found
Inhibition of spontaneous emission in Fermi gases
Fermi inhibition is a quantum statistical analogue for the inhibition of
spontaneous emission by an excited atom in a cavity. This is achieved when the
relevant motional states are already occupied by a cloud of cold atoms in the
internal ground state. We exhibit non-trivial effects at finite temperature and
in anisotropic traps, and briefly consider a possible experimental realization.Comment: 4 pages with 3 figure
Utilization of a fixed base simulator to study the stall and spin characteristics of fighter airplanes
Feasibility of using fixed simulator to determine stall and spin characteristics of fighter aircraf
Hydrodynamic modes of a 1D trapped Bose gas
We consider two regimes where a trapped Bose gas behaves as a one-dimensional
system. In the first one the Bose gas is microscopically described by 3D mean
field theory, but the trap is so elongated that it behaves as a 1D gas with
respect to low frequency collective modes. In the second regime we assume that
the 1D gas is truly 1D and that it is properly described by the Lieb-Liniger
model. In both regimes we find the frequency of the lowest compressional mode
by solving the hydrodynamic equations. This is done by making use of a method
which allows to find analytical or quasi-analytical solutions of these
equations for a large class of models approaching very closely the actual
equation of state of the Bose gas. We find an excellent agreement with the
recent results of Menotti and Stringari obtained from a sum rule approach.Comment: 15 pages, revtex, 1 figure
The Josephson plasmon as a Bogoliubov quasiparticle
We study the Josephson effect in alkali atomic gases within the two-mode
approximation and show that there is a correspondence between the Bogoliubov
description and the harmonic limit of the phase representation. We demonstrate
that the quanta of the Josephson plasmon can be identified with the Bogoliubov
excitations of the two-site Bose fluid. We thus establish a mapping between the
Bogoliubov approximation for the many-body theory and the linearized pendulum
Hamiltonian.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX, submitted to J. Phys.
Time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation for composite bosons as the strong-coupling limit of the fermionic BCS-RPA approximation
The linear response to a space- and time-dependent external disturbance of a
system of dilute condensed composite bosons at zero temperature, as obtained
from the linearized version of the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation, is
shown to result also from the strong-coupling limit of the time-dependent BCS
(or broken-symmetry RPA) approximation for the constituent fermions subject to
the same external disturbance. In this way, it is possible to connect
excited-state properties of the bosonic and fermionic systems by placing the
Gross-Pitaevskii equation in perspective with the corresponding fermionic
approximationsComment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Dynamics of Quantum Phase Transition in an Array of Josephson Junctions
We study the dynamics of the Mott insulator-superfluid quantum phase
transition in a periodic 1D array of Josephson junctions. We show that crossing
the critical point diabatically i.e. at a finite rate with a quench time
induces finite quantum fluctuations of the current around the loop
proportional to . This scaling could be experimentally verified
with in array of weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates or superconducting
grains.Comment: 4 pages in RevTex, 3 .eps figures; 2 references added; accepted for
publication in Phys.Rev.Let
Theory of 'which path' dephasing in single electron interference due to trace in conductive environment
A single-electron two-path interference (Young) experiment is considered
theoretically. The decoherence of an electron wave packet due to the 'which
path' trace left in the conducting (metallic) plate placed under the electron
trajectories is calculated using the many-body quantum description of the
electron gas reservoir.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, moderate changes, 1 new figure, updated
reference
Coarse Grainings and Irreversibility in Quantum Field Theory
In this paper we are interested in the studying coarse-graining in field
theories using the language of quantum open systems. Motivated by the ideas of
Calzetta and Hu on correlation histories we employ the Zwanzig projection
technique to obtain evolution equations for relevant observables in
self-interacting scalar field theories. Our coarse-graining operation consists
in concentrating solely on the evolution of the correlation functions of degree
less than , a treatment which corresponds to the familiar from statistical
mechanics truncation of the BBKGY hierarchy at the n-th level. We derive the
equations governing the evolution of mean field and two-point functions thus
identifying the terms corresponding to dissipation and noise. We discuss
possible applications of our formalism, the emergence of classical behaviour
and the connection to the decoherent histories framework.Comment: 25 pages, Late
Decoherence of electron beams by electromagnetic field fluctuations
Electromagnetic field fluctuations are responsible for the destruction of
electron coherence (dephasing) in solids and in vacuum electron beam
interference. The vacuum fluctuations are modified by conductors and
dielectrics, as in the Casimir effect, and hence, bodies in the vicinity of the
beams can influence the beam coherence. We calculate the quenching of
interference of two beams moving in vacuum parallel to a thick plate with
permittivity . In case of an
ideal conductor or dielectric the dephasing is suppressed
when the beams are close to the surface of the plate, because the random
tangential electric field , responsible for dephasing, is zero at the
surface. The situation is changed dramatically when
or are finite. In this case there exists a layer near
the surface, where the fluctuations of are strong due to evanescent
near fields. The thickness of this near - field layer is of the order of the
wavelength in the dielectric or the skin depth in the conductor, corresponding
to a frequency which is the inverse electron time of flight from the emitter to
the detector. When the beams are within this layer their dephasing is enhanced
and for slow enough electrons can be even stronger than far from the surface
Exact solution of the Hu-Paz-Zhang master equation
The Hu-Paz-Zhang equation is a master equation for an oscillator coupled to a
linear passive bath. It is exact within the assumption that the oscillator and
bath are initially uncoupled . Here an exact general solution is obtained in
the form of an expression for the Wigner function at time t in terms of the
initial Wigner function. The result is applied to the motion of a Gaussian wave
packet and to that of a pair of such wave packets. A serious divergence arising
from the assumption of an initially uncoupled state is found to be due to the
zero-point oscillations of the bath and not removed in a cutoff model. As a
consequence, worthwhile results for the equation can only be obtained in the
high temperature limit, where zero-point oscillations are neglected. In that
limit closed form expressions for wave packet spreading and attenuation of
coherence are obtained. These results agree within a numerical factor with
those appearing in the literature, which apply for the case of a particle at
zero temperature that is suddenly coupled to a bath at high temperature. On the
other hand very different results are obtained for the physically consistent
case in which the initial particle temperature is arranged to coincide with
that of the bath
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