Trojan Horse as an indirect technique in nuclear astrophysics. Resonance reactions

The Trojan Horse method is a powerful indirect technique that provides information to determine astrophysical factors for binary rearrangement processes $x + A \to b + B$ at astrophysically relevant energies by measuring the cross section for the Trojan Horse reaction $a + A \to y+ b + B$ in quasi-free kinematics. We present the theory of the Trojan Horse method for resonant binary subreactions based on the half-off-energy-shell R matrix approach which takes into account the off-energy-shell effects and initial and final state interactions.Comment: 6 pages and 1 figur

Calculation of antihydrogen formation via antiproton scattering with excited positronium

Detailed presentation of results shown in the ealrier Phys. Rev. Lett. (114, 183201, (2015)).Shows all partial cross sections for antihydrogen formation in collisions of antiprotons with positronium in quantum states n = 1-3

Economic, social and environmental aspects of the impact of the universiade - 2013 on development of Kazan city and Tatarstan Republic

© 2015, Asian Social Science. All rights reserved. The article describes the methodological approaches used to study the influence of major international sporting events on the development of the city and region (on example of XXVII World Summer Universiade which held in the Russian Federation in the city of Kazan in 2013). This paper presents the results of economic, social and environmental consequences for the development of the city of Kazan and Tatarstan. Assessment of impacts is given in an integrated form, with the conclusions of the contradictory effects for the different areas of the city and the region

ОЦЕНКА ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ СЕРДЕЧНО-СОСУДИСТОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У ЛИЦ ЮНОШЕСКОГО ВОЗРАСТА ПРИ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ НАГРУЗКЕ

The article presents data on the physical development of youthful persons. It was revealed that a proportional physical and the predominance of muscle strength in relation to body weight, a high strength indicator, but a low recovery coefficient, are characteristic of young men. Girls are characterized by asthenia and recovery coefficient after physical activity, corresponding to a state of fatigue. The dependence of indicators of adaptation to physical activity on body types was revealed. The overwhelming majority of boys and girls had unsatisfactory adaptation rates.В статье представлены данные физического развития лиц юношеского возраста. Выявлено, что для юношей характерно пропорциональное телосложение и преобладание мышечной силы по отношению к массе тела, высокий показатель силы, но низкий коэффициент восстановления. Для девушек характерны астенизация и коэффициент восстановления после физической нагрузки, соответствующий состоянию утомления. Выявлена зависимость показателей адаптации к физической нагрузке от типов телосложения. Подавляющее большинство юношей и девушек имели неудовлетворительные показатели адаптации

ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОКАЗАНИЯ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ В РАМКАХ КЛИНИЧЕСКОЙ АПРОБАЦИИ

In order to strengthen the state support of national medical science and to improve the effectiveness of the use of scientific and technological potential of federal clinics currently a legal framework is created for medical care delivery within clinical testing of methods of prevention, diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation. The article considers the problems of medical care organization within clinical testing. It is shown that the priority areas of rulemaking in this sphere are the creation of viable mechanisms for assessment the effectiveness of new technologies as well as the security of medical care provided to patients who are selected and hospitalized to institutions and research centers according to the themes of scientific researches.В целях усиления государственной поддержки отечественной медицинской науки и повышения эффективности использования научно-технического потенциала федеральных клиник в настоящее время создана правовая база для оказания медицинской помощи в рамках клинической апробации методов профилактики, диагностики, лечения и реабилитации. В статье рассматриваются проблемы организации медицинской помощи в рамках клинической апробации. Показано, что приоритетными направлениями нормотворчества в этой сфере являются создание действенных механизмов оценки результативности новых технологий, а также безопасности медицинской помощи, оказываемой пациентам, отобранным и госпитализированным в институты и научные центры по тематике научных исследований

КЛИНИКО-ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПНЕВМОКОККОВЫХ МЕНИНГИТОВ У ДЕТЕЙ

Authors present clinical and epidemiological characterization of the 108 patients with pneumococcal meningitis of the age from 6 months to 14 years old. The data analysis showed that pneumococcal meningitis is characterized with severity and complications. It was also observed that the role of S. pneumoniae in etiology of the acute bacterial meningitis has increased for the children in the last years. The use of rapid immunochromatographic test along with cultural methods increases the detection of the etiology of bacterial meningitis in children.Дана клинико-эпидемиологическая характеристика 108 больным с пневмококковым гнойным менингитом в возрасте от 6 месяцев до 14 лет. Анализ данных показал, что пневмококковый менингит характеризуется крайне тяжелым течением с отягощающими последствиями и исходами. В последние годы отмечается повышение роли S. pneumoniae в этиологической структуре острых гнойных менингитов у детей. Использование современных тест-систем (иммунохроматографический тест BinaxNOWS pneumoniae тест), наряду с бактериологическим методом, существенно улучшает этиологическую расшифровку гнойных менингитов у детей

Epistasis between COMT and MTHFR in Maternal-Fetal Dyads Increases Risk for Preeclampsia

Preeclampsia is a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. This disorder is thought to be multifactorial in origin, with multiple genes, environmental and social factors, contributing to disease. One proposed mechanism is placental hypoxia-driven imbalances in angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, causing endothelial cell dysfunction. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (Comt)-deficient pregnant mice have a preeclampsia phenotype that is reversed by exogenous 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME), an estrogen metabolite generated by COMT. 2-ME inhibits Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1α, a transcription factor mediating hypoxic responses. COMT has been shown to interact with methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), which modulates the availability of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a COMT cofactor. Variations in MTHFR have been associated with preeclampsia. By accounting for allelic variation in both genes, the role of COMT has been clarified. COMT allelic variation is linked to enzyme activity and four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs6269, rs4633, rs4680, and rs4818) form haplotypes that characterize COMT activity. We tested for association between COMT haplotypes and the MTHFR 677 C→T polymorphism and preeclampsia risk in 1103 Chilean maternal-fetal dyads. The maternal ACCG COMT haplotype was associated with reduced risk for preeclampsia (P = 0.004), and that risk increased linearly from low to high activity haplotypes (P = 0.003). In fetal samples, we found that the fetal ATCA COMT haplotype and the fetal MTHFR minor “T” allele interact to increase preeclampsia risk (p = 0.022). We found a higher than expected number of patients with preeclampsia with both the fetal risk alleles alone (P = 0.052) and the fetal risk alleles in combination with a maternal balancing allele (P<0.001). This non-random distribution was not observed in controls (P = 0.341 and P = 0.219, respectively). Our findings demonstrate a role for both maternal and fetal COMT in preeclampsia and highlight the importance of including allelic variation in MTHFR

Quantum suppression of antihydrogen formation in positronium-antiproton scattering

Calculation of antihydrogen formation from antiproton-positronium collisions, with the positroniun in excited states. Novelty is the extension to positronium states with principal quantum numbers 4 and 5 and the discovery that the increase in the cross section is muted over simple expectations due to a suppression effect.This effect is due to a centrifugal barrier-type effect, which markedly reduces the influence of the higher angular momentum components which typically provide the cross section enhancements at lower values of n

Body mass index in early adulthood and colorectal cancer risk for carriers and non-carriers of germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes

BACKGROUND: Carriers of germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes have a high risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but the modifiers of this risk are not well established. We estimated an association between body mass index (BMI) in early adulthood and subsequent risk of CRC for carriers and, as a comparison, estimated the association for non-carriers. METHODS: A weighted Cox regression was used to analyse height and weight at 20 years reported by 1324 carriers of MMR gene mutations (500 MLH1, 648 MSH2, 117 MSH6 and 59 PMS2) and 1219 non-carriers from the Colon Cancer Family Registry. RESULTS: During 122,304 person-years of observation, we observed diagnoses of CRC for 659 carriers (50%) and 36 non-carriers (3%). For carriers, the risk of CRC increased by 30% for each 5 kg m(-2) increment in BMI in early adulthood (hazard ratio, HR: 1.30; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.08-1.58; P=0.01), and increased by 64% for non-carriers (HR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.02-2.64; P=0.04) after adjusting for sex, country, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking (and the MMR gene that was mutated in carriers). The difference in HRs for carriers and non-carriers was not statistically significant (P=0.50). For MLH1 and PMS2 (MutLα heterodimer) mutation carriers combined, the corresponding increase was 36% (HR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.05-1.76; P=0.02). For MSH2 and MSH6 (MutSα heterodimer) mutation carriers combined, the HR was 1.26 (95% CI: 0.96-1.65; P=0.09). There was no significant difference between the HRs for MutLα and MutSα heterodimer carriers (P=0.56). CONCLUSION: Body mass index in early adulthood is positively associated with risk of CRC for MMR gene mutation carriers and non-carriers