Fisuras de la Historia del Arte: Los retratos de El Fayum o «Mummy-portraits»

Este trabajo se centra en el estudio y análisis artístico e historiográfico de los retratos de El Fayum (Mummy-portraits), creados y desarrollados durante cuatro siglos. Se colocaban en la cabeza de las momias o de los sarcófagos egipcios (dependiendo de la zona y de la época). Todos han sido hallados en Egipto y, sus tumbas, responden a las características de los rituales funerarios egipcios. Los Mummy-portraits estaban enterrados rodeados de objetos, amuletos, jeroglíficos, etc. cuya función era la de ayudar al difunto en su viaje al Más Allá. Estos retratos responden, pictórica y grafológicamente, a la manera de pintar romana de tradición griega, como testimonian las obras de la cuenca vesubiana, con las que guardan una estrecha relación. Este fenómeno sin precedentes de sincretismo religioso y artístico ha sido marginado por la Historia del Arte y desconocido durante siglos. Con el expolio masivo de obras de arte en el siglo XIX, los retratos se dispersaron y su catalogación es hoy difícil. Valorar estas obras es esencial para conocer el legado artístico grecorromano y egipcio.This research focuses on the study and analysis of artistic and historiographical Fayum Portraits (Mummy-portraits), created and developed over four centuries, were placed at the head of the mummies of Egyptian sarcophagi (depending on the area and of the time), have all been found in Egyptian tombs and respond to the characteristics of Egyptian funeral rituals. The Mummy-portraits were buried surrounded by objects, amulets, hieroglyphs, etc., whose function was to help the deceased on his journey to the Beyond. These portraits pictorially and graphologically respond like does old Roman painting of Greek tradition, as witness the paintings from the Vesuvian basin, with which they are closely related. This unprecedented phenomenon of religious syncretism and art has been marginalized by history of art and unknown for centuries. Its existence demonstrates the need for a shift in the development of art history, as proposed in this paper: understanding the work of art as a transitional object. During the nineteenth century portraits looting broke and is now cataloging difficult. Rate these works is essential to know the Greco-Roman artistic legacy

Exponential time differencing schemes for pricing American option under the Heston model

[EN] The classic Black-Scholes model makes assumptions that are not empirically valid. The model is widely employed as a useful approximation to reality, but proper application requires understanding its limitations and constant volatility of the stock returns is one of them. In fact, this assumption is one of the biggest source of weakness, because the variance has been observed to be non-constant leading to models, such as GARCH, to model volatility changes. There are other approaches to model the asset volatility, as consider that follows a random process or, in other words, consider the volatility as a stochastic process. This point of view lead us to a Partial Differential Equation (PDE) different from the classic Black-Scholes, now there are involved two different variables, apart of the time: asset level S and variance . Deal with this PDE and the presence of cross-derivatives is a challenging task. It is even more difficult to deal with American options which allows to exercise the option at any time before the expiration date. But the solution to this problem is of great interest to the financial markets.This work has been partially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades Spanish grant MTM2017-89664-P.Company Rossi, R.; Fuster, F.; Jódar Sánchez, LA. (2019). Exponential time differencing schemes for pricing American option under the Heston model. R. Company, J. C. Cortés, L. Jódar and E. López-Navarro. 75-78. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/180558S757

Proyecto ‘Revisa®’. Impacto del servicio de revisión del uso de los medicamentos en España. Informe de tiempos y costes

En el año 2013 la Sociedad Española de Farmacia Familiar y Comunitaria (SEFAC), mediante la subcomisión de revisión del uso de los medicamentos (RUM), integrada en la comisión de servicios profesionales e inspirada en el servicio británico MUR (Medicines Use Review), puso en marcha el proyecto Revisa® con el fin de implantar este servicio en España. Desde entonces se han realizado cursos de capacitación, elaborado documentos de especificaciones y protocolos normalizados que permitan al farmacéutico comunitario prestar de manera adecuada y homogénea este servicio a la población. También se desarrolló un módulo para la gestión de este servicio en SEFAC e_XPERT, aplicación informática desarrollada por SEFAC para la gestión de los servicios profesionales farmacéuticos. En 2016 SEFAC llevó a cabo el primer estudio de investigación relacionado con el servicio de revisión del uso de los medicamentos con el fin de pilotar su prestación en la práctica farmacéutica. En este informe ­­­se presentan los resultados de tiempo y costes obtenidos del análisis de los datos del proyecto Revisa® realizado en 64 farmacias de España durante los meses de marzo a julio de 2016. Se pretende con ello facilitar al farmacéutico comunitario la información necesaria para permitirle establecer unos honorarios para la prestación de este servicio apoyado en la evidencia obtenida en la práctica farmacéutica

Analysing the effect of public health campaigns on reducing excess weight: A modelling approach for the Spanish Autonomous Region of the Community of Valencia

Excess weight is fast becoming a serious health concern in the developed and developing world. The concern of the public health sector has lead to the development of public health campaigns, focusing on two-fold goals: to inform the public as to the health risks inherent in being overweight, and the benefits of a change in nutritional behaviour. Recent studies indicate that the effects of the average public health campaign on the target community is around 5%. In this study we aim to quantify the effect of different public health campaigns on lifestyle behaviour in the target populations in order to bring about weightloss in a significant number of people over the next few years. This study is based on recent works that consider excess weight as a consequence of the transmission of unhealthy lifestyles from one individual to another. Following this point of view, first a mathematical model is presented. Then, policies based on public health campaigns addressed to stop people gaining weight (prevention; this type of policy acts on individuals in order to maintain their weight and to stop an increase in weight) and, policies addressed to overweight individuals to reduce their weight (treatment; these campaigns act on overweight and/or obese individuals in order to reduce their weight) are simulated in order to evaluate their effectiveness. The study concludes that combination of preventive plus treatment campaigns are more effective than considering them separately.Santonja, F.; Morales, A.; Villanueva Micó, RJ.; Cortés López, JC. (2012). Analysing the effect of public health campaigns on reducing excess weight: A modelling approach for the Spanish Autonomous Region of the Community of Valencia. Evaluation and Program Planning. 35(1):34-39. doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2011.06.004S343935

Changes in medicine prescription following a medication review in older high-risk patients with polypharmacy

Background: The more (inappropriate) drugs a patient uses, the higher the risk of drug related problems. To reduce these risks, medication reviews can be performed. Objective: To report changes in the prescribed number of (potentially inappropriate) drugs before and after performing a medication review in high-risk polypharmacy patients. A secondary objective was to study reasons for continuing potentially inappropriate drugs (PIDs). Setting Dutch community pharmacy and general medical practice. Methods: A retrospective longitudinal intervention study with a pre-test/post-test design and follow-up of 1 week and 3 months was performed. The study population consisted of 126 patients with polypharmacy and with additional risk for drug related problems that underwent a medication review in five community pharmacies. The medication review was performed by the pharmacist in close cooperation with the general practitioner of each corresponding patient. Main outcome measure: Number of (potentially inappropriate) drugs, and appropriateness of prescribed medicines. Results: The average number of drugs a patient used 1 day before the review was 8.7 (SD = 2.9), which decreased (p < 0.05) to 8.3 (SD = 2.7) 1 week after the review, and to 8.4 (SD = 2.6) 3 months after the review. The average number of PIDs was initially 0.6 (SD = 0.8) per patient and decreased to 0.4 (SD = 0.6, p < 0.05). Twenty-two of the 241 initial drug changes (9%) were deprescribed during follow-up. Registered reasons for continuing PIDs are clinical or patients’ preferences. Conclusions: Performing medication reviews in polypharmacy patients seems useful to continue at least in high-risk patients in The Netherlands. The time-consuming reviews could be limited to patients who are willing to change their medication