1,531 research outputs found
Book Review of \u3cem\u3ePsychiatry and Catholicism\u3c/em\u3e, by James H. VanderVelt and Robert P. Odenwald
Local formation of nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond by swift heavy ions
We exposed nitrogen-implanted diamonds to beams of swift uranium and gold
ions (~1 GeV) and find that these irradiations lead directly to the formation
of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers, without thermal annealing. We compare the
photoluminescence intensities of swift heavy ion activated NV- centers to those
formed by irradiation with low-energy electrons and by thermal annealing. NV-
yields from irradiations with swift heavy ions are 0.1 of yields from low
energy electrons and 0.02 of yields from thermal annealing. We discuss possible
mechanisms of NV-center formation by swift heavy ions such as electronic
excitations and thermal spikes. While forming NV centers with low efficiency,
swift heavy ions enable the formation of three dimensional NV- assemblies over
relatively large distances of tens of micrometers. Further, our results show
that NV-center formation is a local probe of (partial) lattice damage
relaxation induced by electronic excitations from swift heavy ions in diamond.Comment: to be published in Journal of Applied Physic
Roles of Mitochondrial Dynamics under Stressful and Normal Conditions in Yeast Cells
Eukaryotic cells contain dynamic mitochondrial filaments: they fuse and divide. Here we summarize data on the protein machinery driving mitochondrial dynamics in yeast and also discuss the factors that affect the fusion-fission balance. Fission is a general stress response of cells, and in the case of yeast this response appears to be prosurvival. At the same time, even under normal conditions yeast mitochondria undergo continuous cycles of fusion and fission. This seems to be a futile cycle and also expensive from the energy point of view. Why does it exist? Benefits might be the same as in the case of sexual reproduction. Indeed, mixing and separating of mitochondrial content allows mitochondrial DNA to segregate and recombine randomly, leading to high variation in the numbers of mutations per individual mitochondrion. This opens a possibility for effective purifying selection-elimination of mitochondria highly contaminated by deleterious mutations. The beneficial action presumes a mechanism for removal of defective mitochondria. We argue that selective mitochondrial autophagy or asymmetrical distribution of mitochondria during cell division could be at the core of such mechanism
Swimming pool policies for carriers of highly-resistant micro-organisms receiving rehabilitation care in the Netherlands
Preparation, irradiation, and characterization of surfaces under ultra high vacuum conditions
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