When paying the piper gets the 'wrong' tune : the impact of fixed payments on case management, case trajectories and 'quality' in criminal defence work

Do changes to the structure and level of legal aid payments significantly affect the trajectories of criminal cases? Do these changes make a difference to how defence lawyers handle cases, how they negotiate with prosecutors and how clients are advised to plead? In recent years, Scotland has made major changes to the remuneration structures for criminal defence work. This paper reports on a research study examining the impact of one of these changes: the move to 'fixed payments'. It seeks to contribute to international knowledge about the relationship between legal aid payment regimes and criminal case trajectories. Furthermore, are there any important consequences for clients, or, are changes simply absorbed by lawyers, or neutralised by other developments? The paper explains that the objective of the fixed payments policy (to encourage greater 'efficiency' in the criminal process) was contradicted by other consequences, which were unexpected by the architects of the policy

Simulating Supersymmetry with ISAJET 7.0/ ISASUSY 1.0

We review the physics assumptions and input used in ISAJET~7.0 / ISA\-SUSY~1.0 that are relevant for simulating fundamental processes within the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) at $p\bar p$ and $pp$ colliders. After a brief discussion of the underlying MSSM framework, we discuss event simulation and list the sparticle production processes and decay modes that have been incorporated into our calculations. We then describe how to set up and run an ISAJET / ISASUSY job and the user input and output formats. The ISAJET program is sufficiently flexible that some non-minimal supersymmetry scenarios may be simulated as well. Finally, plans for future upgrades which include the extension to $e^+ e^-$ collisions, are listed.Comment: 17 pages, FSU-HEP-930329 UH-511-764-9

Shadow writing and participant observation : a study of criminal justice social work around sentencing

The study of decision-making by public officials in administrative settings has been a mainstay of law and society scholarship for decades. The methodological challenges posed by this research agenda are well understood: how can socio-legal researchers get inside the heads of legal decision-makers in order to understand the uses of official discretion? This article describes an ethnographic technique the authors developed to help them penetrate the decision-making practices of criminal justice social workers in writing pre-sentence reports for the courts. This technique, called `shadow writing', involved a particular form of participant observation whereby the researcher mimicked the process of report writing in parallel with the social workers. By comparing these `shadow reports' with the real reports in a training-like setting, the social workers revealed in detail the subtleties of their communicative strategies embedded in particular reports and their sensibilities about report writing more generally

The ISIS Movement and the Threat of Religious Radicalism in Indonesia

This article purposes to analyze the movement of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and its influence in Indonesia. The concept of theocratic state, is often adapted by ISIS movement to create a country based on a caliphate system while treating the rigidity of Islamic law. This reseach employes correspondence with former activists of the radical Islamic movement and literature review as data collecting technique. The study finds out there some ideologies of ISIS movement. One of them is takfir (an infidel) others who disagrees with him and kills anyone who opposes religious ideology. Although ISIS is resistant from the Muslim majority, it still appeal tacit sympathy from jihadist groups in Indonesia. One evidence of the support in Indonesian Muslim community, can be viewed the access on the ISIS website until now

Remedies and the Supreme Court\u27s October 2007 Term

For this third annual review of Supreme Court decisions, I have identified three cases from very different areas all of which involve the remedies available for violations of federal law. These cases deal with the following issues: (a) federal remedies for state violations of federal labor policy (Chamber of Commerce); (b) state remedies for violations of the federal Bill of Rights (Danforth) and (c) federal common law standards for awarding punitive damages (Exxon Shipping)

Hambatan Aksesibilitas Masyarakat terhadap Hak Keadilan Perdata

Right to seek adjudication of conflicts qualifies as human rights. However, we find that whenever the economical value of a dispute is insignificant in comparison towards court’s fees, this rights tend to be infringed. Judicial reform with a sole interest of a faithful recognition of human rights is needed