Reforming Fiscal Institutions in Resource-Rich Arab Economies: Policy Proposals

This paper traces the evolution of fiscal institutions of Resource Rich Arab Economies (RRAEs) over time since their pre-oil days, through the discovery of oil to their build-up of oil exports. It then identifies challenges faced by RRAEs and variations in their severity among the different countries over time. Finally, it articulates specific policy reforms, which, if implemented successfully, could help to overcome these challenges. In some cases, however, these policy proposals may give rise to important trade-offs that will have to be evaluated carefully in individual cases

Magnetic CoFe2O4@ melamine based hyper-crosslinked polymer: A multivalent dendronized nanostructure for fast bacteria capturing from real samples

Polymeric compounds are main types of advanced materials to prepare antibacterial coating as well as water treatment system hence this work was aimed to prepare a polymeric nanostructure with excellent bacteria capture efficiency. Dendronized melamine � resorcinol was synthesized by a condensation reaction. To simplify polymer collection from aqueous solutions, a magnetic nanocomposite of the polymer was also prepared. For this purpose, CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by solid-state combustion route using cellulose as fuel. Bacteria removal efficiency was studied by uptake of Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria from water, milk and fruit juice samples. Effective parameter on the capturing efficiency including; solution pH, contact time and nanocomposite dosage were optimized. Results confirmed the positive role of presented nanostructure for fast capturing of bacterial pathogens with high efficiency (more than 99). © 201

Magnetic CoFe2O4@ melamine based hyper-crosslinked polymer: A multivalent dendronized nanostructure for fast bacteria capturing from real samples

Polymeric compounds are main types of advanced materials to prepare antibacterial coating as well as water treatment system hence this work was aimed to prepare a polymeric nanostructure with excellent bacteria capture efficiency. Dendronized melamine � resorcinol was synthesized by a condensation reaction. To simplify polymer collection from aqueous solutions, a magnetic nanocomposite of the polymer was also prepared. For this purpose, CoFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by solid-state combustion route using cellulose as fuel. Bacteria removal efficiency was studied by uptake of Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria from water, milk and fruit juice samples. Effective parameter on the capturing efficiency including; solution pH, contact time and nanocomposite dosage were optimized. Results confirmed the positive role of presented nanostructure for fast capturing of bacterial pathogens with high efficiency (more than 99). © 201

STREPTOKINASE EFFICACY IN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION MANAGEMENT: IS IT RELATED TO SERUM ANTISTREPTOKINASE ANTIBODY TITER

Introduction. Antistreptokinase antibodies in sera of individuals with previous streptococcal infection might theoretically influence the thrombolytic activity of streptokinase. Streptokinase as the only thrombolytic drug is used in MI management in Iran. Since, the prevalence of streptococcal infections are higher in Iranian population, it seems that high level of antibodies in sera of patients would decrease the thrombolytic effect of Streptokinase.
 Methods. Antistreptokinase antibodies were measured by Home Made EL/SA method before streptokinase administration in 126 patients with MI who were admitted to Noor hospital (affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services). The effect of drug with regard to ECG changes in following days were studied and compared.
 Results. In seventy patients of 126 (13.5 percent), the drug was ineffective and the antibody level was high. While in 25 patients with effective response to drug (no appearing of Q wave), 3 patients have a high level of antibody against streptokinase.
 Discussion. It seems that high level of serum antistreptokinase antibody titer has no significant interaction with thrombolytic activity of streptokinase in management of MI. However, most accurate study is required to test this hypothesis