Origines et modélisation de la minéralisation des eaux du Quaternaire d’Abidjan (Sud de la Côte d’Ivoire)

Les eaux de 61 puits au sud du District d’Abidjan ont été caractérisées afin de connaître la variabilité spatiale de la minéralisation des eaux du Quaternaire. Le variogramme et le krigeage ordinaire ont été utiliséspour analyser la distribution spatiale de la minéralisation. La détermination des facteurs qui gouvernent cette minéralisation s’est faite à partir de l’algorithme de Kohonen et du calcul de l’indice d’échange de base. Les eaux des zones urbanisées (Treichville, Marcory, Koumassi et Port-Bouët) et celles situées en bordure de mer et des lagunes sont fortement minéralisées tandis que les zones rurales sont caractérisées par des eaux de faible minéralisation. Quatre facteurs expliquent cette répartition spatiale de la minéralisation : les échanges de bases et la dissolution des sels marins sont observés sur l’ensemble du site ; en revanche, la pollution anthropique et l’intrusion d’eaux marine et lagunaire traduites respectivement par les fortes concentrations de nitrate et de chlorure, affectent les eaux des zones urbanisées et celles en bordure des lagunes et de l’océan atlantique.© 2009 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés: Nappe côtière, conductivité électrique, sels marins, pollution marine et lagunaire, pollution anthropique

Depressive symptoms among survivors of Ebola virus disease in Conakry (Guinea) : preliminary results of the PostEboGui cohort

Background: The 2013-2016 West African Ebola outbreak infected 28,616 people and caused 11,310 deaths by 11 May 2016, across six countries. The outbreak has also resulted in the largest number of EVD survivors in history-over 17,000. Guinea was declared Ebola-free on 1 June 2016. Reports from the outbreak documented 3814 cases resulting in 2544 deaths and 1270 survivors. EVD survivors face various neuropsychological and psycho-affective alterations that have not been fully identified yet. This study aims to document the depressive symptoms among adult survivors in Guinea. Methods: Depressive symptoms were investigated using the French version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) administered to all adult survivors (>= 20 years) participating in the PostEboGui study and receiving care in Conakry. The study was combined with a clinical consultation by a psychiatrist at the Donka National Hospital in Conakry that ensured adapted care was provided when needed. Results: Overall, 256 adult participants receiving care in Conakry participated in this study: 55% were women, median age 31 years [IQR: 26-40]. The median time since the Ebola Treatment Center (ETC) discharge was 8. 1 months [IQR: 4.1-11.7]. 15% had a score above the threshold values indicating psychological suffering (15% for men and 14% for women). 33 people (16 women and 17 men) met with the psychiatrist, which resulted in the diagnosis of 3 cases of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 3 cases of mild depression, 13 cases of moderate depression, and 11 cases of severe depression, including 1 with kinesthetic hallucinations and another with visual hallucinations, and 1 with suicidal ideation and 3 with attempted suicide. Severe depression was diagnosed between 1 and 19 months after ETC discharge. The various identified forms of depression responded favorably to conventional drug therapies and cognitive behavioral therapy. Conclusion: Long-term follow-up for EVD survivors will be necessary to understand the evolution of these pathologies. In the current post-epidemic context, these cases underscore the need to strengthen mental health diagnostic systems and treatment on a national scale