72 research outputs found
SHBG levels in primary infertile men : A critical interpretation in clinical practice
Objective: We aimed to test the association between age, BMI and sex-hormone\u2013binding globulin (SHBG) in a homogenous cohort of white-European men presenting for primary couple\u2019s infertility. Design: Retrospective study. Methods: Data from 1547 infertile men were analysed. Health-significant comorbidities were scored with the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Fasting serum hormones were measured in every patient. Age was considered according to quartile groups (<33, 33-41, >41 years) and BMI as normal weight (18.5\u201324.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0\u201329.9 kg/m2) and obesity (>30 kg/m2). Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis tested the associations between age, BMI and SHBG. Results: Median SHBG levels increased across quartiles of age and decreased along with BMI increases (all P < 0.001). For each year increase in age, SHBG increased 0.32 nmol/L; conversely, for each unit increase in BMI, SHBG decreased by 1.1 nmol/L (all P < 0.001). SHBG levels decline with increasing BMI was greater than SHBG progressive increase with age. Overall, BMI explained 3.0 times more of the variability in SHBG than did ageing. At multivariate linear model, age and BMI were the most significant factors influencing SHBG concentration (all P < 0.001), after accounting for CCI, albumin levels and smoking status. Conclusions: We found a wide distribution of SHBG concentrations across age and BMI values in primary infertile men. The association between BMI and lowered SHBG levels seems to be greater than the association of ageing with increased SHBG
Multiple PDE5Is use as a marker of decreased overall men's health: A real-life study
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is considered a sentinel marker for poor general men's health status. Severe ED has been associated with poor response to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) therapy. We sought to assess the association of multiple PDE5Is prescription with the overall patients' health status. Socio-demographic and clinical variables from 939 consecutive white-European, heterosexual, sexually-active men seeking medical help for ED at same tertiary-referral academic outpatient clinic were analyzed. Health-significant comorbidities were scored with the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Patients have been stratified into na\uefve and non-na\uefve according to their history of previous prescriptions of any PDE5I. Every patient completed the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. Logistic regression models tested the association between patients' baseline characteristics (thus including previous PDE5Is prescriptions) and the overall health status. Overall, 328 (35%) patients were non-na\uefve for PDE5Is. Of them, 172 (52%), 99 (30%), and 57 (17%) had been prescribed with 1, 2 or 3 different PDE5Is, respectively. Na\uefve and nonna\uefve patients did not differ in terms of age, BMI, baseline ED severity; conversely, nonna\uefve patients had a higher CCI score. At logistic MVA, the number of PDE5Is prescriptions emerged as an independent predictor of a higher burden of comorbidities regardless of ED severity; the higher the number of PDE5Is prescriptions, the higher the CCI score (OR 1.69, 2.49, and 2.90 for 1, 2 or 3 previous PDE5Is, respectively), after accounting for age, BMI, baseline ED severity and cigarette smoking. More than a third of patients seeking medical help for ED at a single tertiary-referral center were non-na\uefve for PDE5Is. The increasing number of previous prescriptions of PDE5Is emerged as a worrisome marker of a poorer overall men's health status regardless of ED severity
Faktori rizika od karcinoma larinksa u Crnoj Gori
Laryngeal cancer is the most common head and neck cancer. There might be many risk factors for laryngeal cancer. Smoking, especially cigarette smoking and alcohol are indisputable risk factors. The authors of this paper assessed the presumed risk factors in order to identify possible aetiological agents of the disease. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. The study group consisted of 108 histologically verified laryngeal cancer patients and 108 hospital controls matched by sex, age (±3 years) and place of residence. Laryngeal cancer patients and controls were interviewed during their hospital stay using a structured questionnaire. According to multiple logistic regression analysis six variables were independently related to laryngeal cancer: hard liquor consumption (Odd Ratio /OR/=2.93, Confidence Interval /CI/ 95 % = 1.17 to 7.31), consumption more than 2 alcoholic drinks per day (OR=4.96, CI 95 % = 2.04 to12.04), cigarette smoking for more than 40 years (OR=4.32, CI 95 % = 1.69 to 11.06), smoking more than 30 cigarettes per day (OR=4.24, CI 95 % = 1.75 to 10.27), coffee consumption more than 5 cups per day (OR=4.52, CI 95 % = 1.01 to 20.12) and carbonated beverage consumption (OR=0.38, CI 95 %= 0.16 to 0.92). The great majority of laryngeal cancers could be prevented by eliminating tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption.Maligni tumori larinksa najÄeĆĄÄi su tumori glave i vrata. Glavni faktori rizika od razvoja malignih tumora grkljana su puĆĄenje i konzumiranje alkoholnih piÄa. Cilj rada bio je ispitivanje potencijalnih faktora rizika od nastanka malignih tumora larinksa. Sprovedena je studija sluÄaj-kontrola. Studijsku grupu Äinilo je 108 pacijenata s histoloĆĄki verificiranim rakom larinksa i 108 kontrola individualno izjednaÄenih po spolu, dobi (± 3 godine) i mjestu stanovanja. Svi ispitanici su anketirani ciljanim epidemioloĆĄkim upitnikom a u analizi podataka koriĆĄtena je multivarijantna logistiÄka regresijska analiza. KoristeÄi se multivarijantnom logistiÄkom regresijskom analizom, statistiÄki znaÄajnu povezanost s rakom larinksa dobili smo za sljedeÄe varijable: konzumiranje ĆŸestokih piÄa (omjer izgleda /OR/=2.93, interval pouzdanosti /CI/ 95 % = 1.17 do 7.31), konzumiranje viĆĄe od 2 alkoholna piÄa na dan (OR = 4.96, CI 95 % = 2.04 do 12.04), konzumiranje cigareta duĆŸe od 40 godina (OR = 4.32, CI 95 % = 1.69 do 11.06), konzumiranje viĆĄe od 30 cigareta na dan (OR = 4.24, CI 95 % = 1.75 do 10.27), konzumiranje viĆĄe od 5 ĆĄalica kave na dan (OR = 4.52, CI 95 % = 1.01 do 20.12) i konzumiranje gaziranih piÄa (OR = 0.38, CI 95 % = 0.16 do 0.92). Obolijevanje zbog malignih tumora larinksa moglo bi se znaÄajno smanjiti prestankom konzumiranja duhana i alkohola
Food groups, oils and butter, and cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx
To elucidate the role of dietary habits, a study was carried out in 1992-1997 in the province of Pordenone in Northeastern Italy, and those of Rome and Latina in central Italy. Cases were 512 men and 86 women with cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx (lip, salivary glands and nasopharynx excluded) and controls were 1008 men and 483 women who had been admitted to local hospitals for a broad range of acute non-neoplastic conditions. The validated dietary section of the questionnaire included 78 foods or recipes and ten questions on fat intake patterns. After allowance for education, smoking, alcohol and total energy intake, significant trends of increasing risk with increasing intake emerged for soups, eggs, processed meats, cakes and desserts, and butter. Risk was approximately halved in the highest compared to the lowest intake quintile for coffee and tea, white bread, poultry, fish, raw and cooked vegetables, citrus fruit, and olive oil. The inverse association with oils, especially olive oil, was only slightly attenuated by allowance for vegetable intake. Thus, frequent consumption of vegetables, citrus fruit, fish and vegetable oils were the major features of a low-risk diet for cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx
A Prospective Study of Red and Processed Meat Intake in Relation to Cancer Risk
Using data from a large cohort study, Amanda Cross and colleagues found that both red and processed meat intakes were positively associated with cancers of the colorectum and lung
Climate change effects on peopleâs livelihood
Generally climate is defined as the long-term average weather conditions of a particular place, region, or the world. Key climate variables include surface conditions such as temperature, precipitation, and wind. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) broadly defined climate change as any change in the state of climate which persists for extended periods, usually for decades or longer (Allwood et al. 2014). Climate change may occur due to natureâs both internal and external processes. External process involves anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere, and volcanic eruptions. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) made a distinction between climate change attributable to human contribution to atmospheric composition and natural climate variability. In its Article 1, the UNFCCC defines climate change as âa change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periodsâ (United Nations 1992, p. 7)
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