Can we understand food oral processing using Kano model? Case study with confectionery products

This study had two objectives, to determine oral processing parameters and its correlation with mechanical properties of selected confectionery products and to categorize oral processing and sensory attributes based on a Kano model. Thirteen panelists analyzed five confectionery products in the oral processing part of the study. In parallel, 327 interviews participated in a field survey to enable analyzing responses to food quality and oral processing attributes. It has been confirmed that oral processing parameters are interrelated with most of the mechanical properties of confectionery products. Average number of bites is correlated with consumption time per bite, chewing rate, and bite size. Consumption time and chewing rate were negatively correlated for Brownie cake. Satiation was associated with eating rate and calorie intake rate for Jelly Candy and Waffle. All food quality requirements were categorized as "attractive" and "one-dimensional." Oral processing parameters-food breakdown and eating rate are aligned to "attractive" category, bite size was identified as a "must-be" category, and number of chews is outlined as a "reverse" category. The Kano model results show that oral processing parameters have a strong influence on consumer satisfaction in parallel with well-known sensorial characteristics associated with food quality

‘Around the hut’: an archaeological ethnography around the experimental construction of a shepherd’s hut in Konitsa, north-west Greece

SUMMARY: This article reflects on the experimental building of a Vlach hut that took place in the 14th Summer School of the Balkan Border Crossings Network. The approach took the form of an archaeological ethnography and addressed a variety of subjects from ethnographic and experimental fieldworkto videography and critical heritage, all emerging from the same point: thebuilding of a shepherd’s roundhut in the plain of Konitsa. From interdisciplinary methodological encounters to reflections on pastoral identities, legislation and its effects on this built pastoral heritage, as well as fieldwork reflections, while experiencing and experimenting, this article reveals potential avenues for interdisciplinary engagement in contexts such as Summer Schools. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Carrying out a multi-model integrated assessment of European energy transition pathways : Challenges and benefits

| openaire: EC/H2020/691739/EU//REEEM Funding Information: This research has received funding through the REEEM project from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 691739. This publication reflects only the views of its authors, and the European Commission cannot be held responsible for its content. The authors would also like to thank all the contributors to the REEEM project and those who prepared the proposal. Francesco Gardumi would like to thank the division of Energy Systems Analysis for all the support and feedback provided through the duration of the REEEM project. Funding Information: With the publication of the European Green Deal, the European Union ratcheted its ambition on climate change and committed to carbon-neutrality by 2050 [ 1 ]. Though supported by many Member States, the transformational change mandated by the Green Deal also raised concerns from some. For instance, Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) from Poland reacted tothe announcement by stating the need for the European Commission to work with member states [ 2 ]. MEPs from Italy highlighted the need to look at the social and economic impact of achieving climate neutrality and MEPs from France echoed the Italian proposal for a more humane social and ecological transition. Such concerns stem from specific social, economic and environmental pressures, and are often not captured explicitly by the analysis supporting emission mitigation plans. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s)With the publication of the European Green Deal, the European Union has committed to reaching carbon neutrality by 2050. The envisaged reductions of direct greenhouse gases emissions are seen as technically feasible, but if a wrong path is pursued, significant unintended impacts across borders, sectors, societies and ecosystems may follow. Without the insights gained from an impact assessment framework reaching beyond the techno-economic perspective, the pursuit of direct emission reductions may lead to counterproductive outcomes in the long run. We discuss the opportunities and challenges related to the creation and use of an integrated assessment framework built to inform the European Commission on the path to decarbonisation. The framework is peculiar in that it goes beyond existing ones in its scope, depth and cross-scale coverage, by use of numerous specialised models and case studies. We find challenges of consistency that can be overcome by linking modelling tools iteratively in some cases, harmonisingmodelling assumptions in others, comparing model outputs in others. We find the highest added value of the framework in additional insights it provides on the technical feasibility of decarbonisation pathways, on vulnerability aspects and on unintended environmental and health impacts on national and sub-national scale.Peer reviewe

Supplementary information files for Carrying out a multi-model integrated assessment of European energy transition pathways: Challenges and benefits

Supplementary files for article Carrying out a multi-model integrated assessment of  European energy transition pathways: Challenges and benefits With the publication of the European Green Deal, the European Union has committed to reaching carbon neutrality by 2050. The envisaged reductions of direct greenhouse gases emissions are seen as technically feasible, but if a wrong path is pursued, significant unintended impacts across borders, sectors, societies and ecosystems may follow. Without the insights gained from an impact assessment framework reaching beyond the techno-economic perspective, the pursuit of direct emission reductions may lead to counterproductive outcomes in the long run. We discuss the opportunities and challenges related to the creation and use of an integrated assessment framework built to inform the European Commission on the path to decarbonisation. The framework is peculiar in that it goes beyond existing ones in its scope, depth and cross-scale coverage, by use of numerous specialised models and case studies. We find challenges of consistency that can be overcome by linking modelling tools iteratively in some cases, harmonising modelling assumptions in others, comparing model outputs in others. We find the highest added value of the framework in additional insights it provides on the technical feasibility of decarbonisation pathways, on vulnerability aspects and on unintended environmental and health impacts on national and sub-national scale. </p