A Distributed Parameters Model for Solar Cells

Distributive circuit element model for solar cells with series and shunt path

Do subsidized health programs in Armenia increase utilization among the poor?

This article analyzes the extent to which the Basic Benefit Package (BBP), a subsidized health program in Armenia, increases utilization and affordability of outpatient health care among the poor. The authors find that beneficiaries of the BBP pay approximately 45 percent less in fees for doctor visits (and display 36 percent higher outpatient utilization rates) than eligible users not receiving the BBP. However, even among BBP beneficiaries the level of outpatient health care utilization remains low. This occurs because the program mainly provides discounted fees for doctor visits, but fees do not constitute the main financial constraint for users. The authors estimate suggest that other non-fee expenditures, such as prescription medicines, constitute a more significant financial constraint and are not subsidized by the BBP. As a result, outpatient health care remains expensive even for BBP beneficiaries.Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Health Systems Development&Reform,Health Economics&Finance,Population Policies,Public Sector Expenditure Analysis&Management

Adaptation dynamics of the quasispecies model

We study the adaptation dynamics of an initially maladapted population evolving via the elementary processes of mutation and selection. The evolution occurs on rugged fitness landscapes which are defined on the multi-dimensional genotypic space and have many local peaks separated by low fitness valleys. We mainly focus on the Eigen's model that describes the deterministic dynamics of an infinite number of self-replicating molecules. In the stationary state, for small mutation rates such a population forms a {\it quasispecies} which consists of the fittest genotype and its closely related mutants. The quasispecies dynamics on rugged fitness landscape follow a punctuated (or step-like) pattern in which a population jumps from a low fitness peak to a higher one, stays there for a considerable time before shifting the peak again and eventually reaches the global maximum of the fitness landscape. We calculate exactly several properties of this dynamical process within a simplified version of the quasispecies model.Comment: Proceedings of Statphys conference at IIT Guwahati, to be published in Praman

Band Structure of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect

The eigenstates of interacting electrons in the fractional quantum Hall phase typically form fairly well defined bands in the energy space. We show that the composite fermion theory gives insight into the origin of these bands and provides an accurate and complete microscopic description of the strongly correlated many-body states in the low-energy bands. Thus, somewhat like in Landau's fermi liquid theory, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the low energy Hilbert space of strongly interacting electrons in the fractinal quantum Hall regime and that of weakly interacting electrons in the integer quantum Hall regime.Comment: 10 page

Time division access feasibility study modulation and synchronization considerations

Time division access system for satellite communications, and figure of merit for effects of bit and frequency synchronizatio