Seleção de uma espécie embaixadora para educação ambiental e conservação da conectividade da paisagem

In this article we review the role of Chrysocyon brachyurus (Class Mammalia; Order Carnivora; Family Canidae) as an "ambassador species" and we propose the possibility of its implementation to promote environmental education and manage the conservation of cultural landscapes in Argentina. The maned wolf is a native vertebrate of South America; it present biological characteristics (large body size), ecological (occupy a significant part of the national territory, inhabit in largely of the ecoregions and overlap their distribution with another 18 medium and large threatened mammals) and sociocultural (charismatic and not representing a threat for the inhabitants), allow to appoint it an ambassador species. This species, categorized since 2019 at the national level as Vulnerable, is the wild canid that has led the largest number of educational campaigns with multiple strategies implemented in the last 20 years. The ambassador figure could become a very powerful tool in large-scale environmental education proposals.  En el presente artículo revisamos el rol de Chrysocyon brachyurus (Clase Mammalia; Orden Carnivora; Familia Canidae) como “especie embajadora” y proponemos la posibilidad de su implementación para impulsar la educación ambiental y gestionar la conservación de los paisajes culturales de la Argentina. El aguará guazú es un vertebrado nativo de América del Sur; presenta características biológicas (tamaño corporal grande), ecológicas (ocupa una parte importante del territorio nacional, habita en gran parte de las ecorregiones y superpone su distribución con otros 18 mamíferos medianos y grandes amenazados) y socioculturales (carismático y no representa una amenaza para los habitantes), permite designarla especie embajadora. Esta especie, categorizada desde el 2019 a nivel nacional como Vulnerable, es el cánido silvestre que ha encabezado el mayor número de campañas educativas con múltiples estrategias, implementadas en los últimos 20 años. La figura de embajador podría constituirse en una herramienta muy poderosa en propuestas de educación ambiental a gran escala.Neste artigo revisamos o papel de Chrysocyon brachyurus (Classe Mamífero; Ordem Carnívora; Família Canídeo) como “espécie embaixadora” e propomos a possibilidade de sua implementação para promover a educação ambiental e gerenciar a conservação de paisagens culturais na Argentina. O lobo-guará é um vertebrado autóctone da América do Sul; devido às suas características biológicas (grande porte corporal), características ecológicas (ocupando grande parte do território nacional, habita a maioria das ecorregiões, sobrepondo sua distribuição com 18 mamíferos de médio e grande porte ameaçados) e socioculturais (ser carismático e não representa uma ameaça para os habitantes), que favorecem propô-la como espécie embaixadora da gestão ambiental. Este canídeo, categorizado desde 2019 a nível nacional como vulnerável, é o canídeo selvagem que liderou o maior número de campanhas educativas com múltiplas estratégias, implementadas nos últimos 20 anos. Essa figura do embaixador pode se tornar uma ferramenta muito poderosa em propostas de educação ambiental em grande escala. &nbsp

Polaritonic molecular clock for all-optical ultrafast imaging of wavepacket dynamics without probe pulses

Conventional approaches to probing ultrafast molecular dynamics rely on the use of synchronized laser pulses with a well-defined time delay. Typically, a pump pulse excites a molecular wavepacket. A subsequent probe pulse can then dissociate or ionize the molecule, and measurement of the molecular fragments provides information about where the wavepacket was for each time delay. Here, we propose to exploit the ultrafast nuclear-position-dependent emission obtained due to large light–matter coupling in plasmonic nanocavities to image wavepacket dynamics using only a single pump pulse. We show that the time-resolved emission from the cavity provides information about when the wavepacket passes a given region in nuclear configuration space. This approach can image both cavity-modified dynamics on polaritonic (hybrid light–matter) potentials in the strong light–matter coupling regime and bare-molecule dynamics in the intermediate coupling regime of large Purcell enhancements, and provides a route towards ultrafast molecular spectroscopy with plasmonic nanocavitiesThis work has been funded by the European Research Council grant ERC-2016-STG-714870 and the Spanish Ministry for Science, Innovation, and Universities—AEI grants RTI2018-099737-B-I00, PCI2018-093145 (through the QuantERA program of the European Commission), and CEX2018-000805-M (through the María de Maeztu program for Units of Excellence in R&D

An organelle-specific protein landscape identifies novel diseases and molecular mechanisms

Cellular organelles provide opportunities to relate biological mechanisms to disease. Here we use affinity proteomics, genetics and cell biology to interrogate cilia: poorly understood organelles, where defects cause genetic diseases. Two hundred and seventeen tagged human ciliary proteins create a final landscape of 1,319 proteins, 4,905 interactions and 52 complexes. Reverse tagging, repetition of purifications and statistical analyses, produce a high-resolution network that reveals organelle-specific interactions and complexes not apparent in larger studies, and links vesicle transport, the cytoskeleton, signalling and ubiquitination to ciliary signalling and proteostasis. We observe sub-complexes in exocyst and intraflagellar transport complexes, which we validate biochemically, and by probing structurally predicted, disruptive, genetic variants from ciliary disease patients. The landscape suggests other genetic diseases could be ciliary including 3M syndrome. We show that 3M genes are involved in ciliogenesis, and that patient fibroblasts lack cilia. Overall, this organelle-specific targeting strategy shows considerable promise for Systems Medicine

Role of biomechanics in the understanding of normal, injured, and healing ligaments and tendons

Ligaments and tendons are soft connective tissues which serve essential roles for biomechanical function of the musculoskeletal system by stabilizing and guiding the motion of diarthrodial joints. Nevertheless, these tissues are frequently injured due to repetition and overuse as well as quick cutting motions that involve acceleration and deceleration. These injuries often upset this balance between mobility and stability of the joint which causes damage to other soft tissues manifested as pain and other morbidity, such as osteoarthritis