Description of Energy Intake and Nutrition in Elderly at Tresna Werdha Warga Tama Social Institution Indralaya in 2009

Background: Elderly are those who have been aged 60 years and above. At this time there are changes in their bodies as a result of the aging process. These changes will affect the elderly needs of energy and nutrients such as protein, calcium, and iron that different from the nutritional needs of younger age groups. Consumption of energy and nutrients that are not in accordance with the recommendation will lead to multiple nutritional problems in the elderly that have an impact on the health status of the elderly. Method: This study used a cross-sectional approach. Primary data were collected by questionnaire and interview based on 24 hour recall form, while the secondary data were collected by recording. The population in this study was all listed as members of the elderly residents at the time of the study . Samples numbered 45 elderly people taken using consecutive sampling technique of all the elderly who refered to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: Results showed that the energy and nutrients intake by the elderly were still below the recommended RDI. The result showed that 48,9% of elderly had a moderate energy intake, 40% of the elderly had a good intake of protein 35,6% of elderly had iron intake in the deficit category and 100% of elderly had a deficit of calcium intake. Most elderly in different age groups had a moderate energy intake. Protein intake of elderly in different age groups was in good category. Calcium intake of elderly by age groups had calcium intake deficit. Iron intake of elderly was in poor category, while iron intake of old elderly was deficit. Conclusion: From these results, it was known that there were elderly that the energy and the other nutrients intake were less than the recommended RDI that required counseling and information provision by health professionals to both the elderly and the clerk about the importance of nutrition for the body, especially the energy, protein, calcium and iron

Description of Eating Habits in Preschool Children at Tk Bhakti Asuhan and Tkit Izzuddin Palembang in 2009

Background: Pre-school time is where the children are grouped as active consumers that can choose the food they like, however, they can not choose the food by themselves to be consumed. Parents have responsible for develoving their children eating habit. It will influence the nutrients where at this time they need good food for their growth. Methods: The research was in descriptive survey using cross sectional approach. The data collected by interview method using questionnaire and Food Frequency Questionnaire and then analyzed by frequency table distribution and cross tabulating. Result: The children at Bhakti Asuhan and TKIT Izzuddin has good eating habit that is various food ≥ 3 kinds in a week and ≥ 3 times a day (each of them 76,5% and 54,8%). At TKIT Izzuddin more often consume fast food and package food compared from the students at Bhakti Asuhan kindergarten. Conclusion: The need to increase the knowledge of kindergarten teachers and parents about nutritious food, and given the knowledge to choose healthy foods and snacks. In addition, the need for further research on the eating habits of pre-school children with the broader scope, such as linking between eating habits with nutritional status of pre-school children

The Use of Contextual Analysis in Teaching Vocabulary

The purpose of this research is to find out the effectiveness of the use of contextual analysis in teaching vocabulary to the tenth grade students of MAN 2 Pontianak in academic year 2013/2014. This research was conducted as a pre experimental research with the one group pretest-posttest. The sample of this research were class X MIA 1 as the experimental class. The data were collected through pretest and posttest by using multiple choice consisting of twenty items and were analyzed by using Effect Size (ES) formula. The finding shows that the effect of treatment is 1.3 (>1.00) or categorized as strong effect. It indicates that the use of contextual analysis is effective in teaching vocabulary

The impact of intrapartum pethidine on the neonatal outcome: a perspective review

Objective: To study the effect of intrapartum pethidine administration on the fetal heart rate pattern and neonatal outcome. Method: This is a prospective observational study done on forty low risk uncomplicated pregnancy at term in the first stage of labour. The study was done in the labour suite in Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan Kuantan, Malaysia. Intramuscular Pethidine 1mg/kg was given as intrapartum analgesia to all consented patient with normal baseline fetal heart rate and clear liquor. Intrapartum fetal heart rate pattern and neonatal outcome were reviewed and analysed by SSPS 17.0. Results: Total of 40 patients recruited in this study with mean age of 27.9 ± 6.03 years and mean gestational age of 39.0 ± 0.81 weeks. The mean duration from pethidine administration to delivery is 285.5 ± 178.9 minutes (4 hours and 45 minutes). Out of 40 patients, 2 (5%) cases had suspicious CTG 1 hour post pethidine administration, first one with absence of acceleration and the second with early deceleration which lasted for 45 minutes and one hour respectively. All neonates delivered with good Apgar Score, 8 at 1 minute and 9 at 5 minute. A total of 9 (22.5%) cases were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Seven (17.5%) cases were admitted for observation because of delivery less than 4 hours after pethidine administration, following the neonatal protocol at our centre. Two (5%) cases were admitted for G6PD. Neither required ventilation nor antidotes. All of them were discharged to mother after 24 hours apart from those admitted because of G6PD. Conclusion: Intrapartum pethidine is still an analgesic option which is simple, cheap and easily available without major effect to the fetal heart rate pattern and the neonatal outcome

Simulation-based Study of Capacitance Values Affected by Various Dielectric Materials and Distances for Low Power Wireless Power Transfer System

Capacitive Power Transfer (CPT) system is nowadays getting better attention by some of the researchers who are focusing on wireless power transfer field. This is because of the simplicity, small size, and better reaction towards EMI characteristics of the method. Furthermore, the efficiency of the CPT system is greatly influenced by the coupling capacitances which are varied by distances and permittivity values. Thus, this paper attempts to converge into the effect of several dielectric materials towards capacitance values and also the effect of the capacitive plates’ distances towards the output power. By using Class E circuit configuration and MATLAB Simulink as the simulation software, the results are then explained graphically. From those simulations, the work achieved 90.7% as highest efficiency as compared to the theoretical values