Modelos Cognitivos de Ensino e Práticas Pedagógicas - Planificação de uma Aula de História segundo o Modelo Resolução de Problemas

Com este trabalho pretendo aprofundar a compreensão do paradigma cognitivo, a partir da sua relação com um dos modelos nele inspirado, o modelo Resolução de Problemas, aplicado a uma aula de História. Na primeira parte, começarei por clarificar os conceitos de pressuposto, paradigma emodelo, evidenciando a sua relação dialéctica. Seguidamente, procederei à caracterização do paradigma cognitivo, referindo os suportes em que assenta, as linhas estruturantes e os seus aspectos caracterizadores. Após uma abordagem dos modelos cognitivos de ensino, onde farei referência aos suportes conceptuais que caracterizam as suas principais práticas, destacarei o modelo Resolução de Problemas e descreverei a sua sintaxe. Numa segunda parte, irei enfrentar o desafio de aplicar o modelo em causa, a um cenário de uma aula de História do Ensino Secundário, em torno de um problema ligado à História Local

Characterization of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars from northern Portugal using RAPD and microsatellite markers

Twelve grapevine cultivars from northern Portugal were characterized with RAPD and microsatellites. Nine primers were used in the RAPD analysis; 8 of the varieties showed monotypic patterns. With the 6 microsatellite loci a total of 38 alleles was obtained. Relationships among the studied varieties were observed. Both types of molecular markers have proved useful for identification. Existence of synonymies is discussed.

Theoretical study on the activation mechanism of AMP-kinase by means of Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a Ser108/Thr132 heterotrimeric enzyme complex (one catalytic subunit a and two regulatory subunits b and g) with a key role as sensor in the cellular energy homeostasis. This function confers AMPK a major role in numerous metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity and cancer, and explains the progressive interest as a therapeutic target. AMPK is regulated by several mechanisms including indirect and direct activators, which show clear specificity by a particular subunit. We have carried out a series of molecular dynamic simulations of the apo and holo forms of AMPK to gain insight into the mechanism of AMPK activation

Theoretical study on the activation mechanism of AMP-kinase by means of Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Mammalian AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a Ser108/Thr132 heterotrimeric enzyme complex (one catalytic subunit a and two regulatory subunits b and g) with a key role as sensor in the cellular energy homeostasis. This function confers AMPK a major role in numerous metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity and cancer, and explains the progressive interest as a therapeutic target. AMPK is regulated by several mechanisms including indirect and direct activators, which show clear specificity by a particular subunit. We have carried out a series of molecular dynamic simulations of the apo and holo forms of AMPK to gain insight into the mechanism of AMPK activation

What Can We Do When All Collapses? Fatal Outcome of Collapsing Glomerulopathy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage: Case Report

NTRODUCTION: Collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) is a rare form of glomerular injury. Although commonly associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, it can occur in association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 50-year-old man, with chronic kidney disease secondary to focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, who received a cadaveric kidney transplant in 2007. There were no relevant intercurrences until May 2015, when he presented with nephrotic range proteinuria (± 4 g/d). A graft biopsy was performed and it did not show any significant pathological changes. In September, he developed a full nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria 19 g/d) and a graft biopsy was repeated. CG features were evident with a rich immunofluorescence. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies were positive; the remaining immunologic study was normal. Viral markers for HIV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis B virus (HBV) were negative. The patient was treated with corticosteroid pulses and plasmapheresis (seven treatments). A rapid deterioration of kidney function was seen and he became dialysis dependent. He was discharged with a low-dose immunosuppressive treatment. In October, he was hospitalized with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). The auto-immune study was repeated, revealing complement consumption and positive titers of ANA and Anti-dsDNA antibodies. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) and antiglomerular basement membrane antibody (anti-GBM) were negative. Treatment with intravenous corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, and human immunoglobulin was ineffective and the outcome was fatal. CONCLUSION: This case report highlights the possible association of CG and SLE. To our knowledge, it is the first case of SLE presenting with CG and DAH, with the singularity of occurring in a kidney transplant recipient receiving immunosuppression.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Electroanalysis of Imidacloprid Insecticide in River Waters Using Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

In this work, a functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE/MWCNT-f) was optimized for the direct determination of imidacloprid (IMC) insecticide in river water. The functionalized material was characterized by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FTIR) and the modified electrode by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Results revealed that the GCE/MWCNT-f effectively increased the response toward IMC reduction by enhancing the reduction peak current and decreasing the peak potential in comparison with the bare electrode. After optimizing the electroanalytical conditions, the GCE/MWCNT-f showed a linear voltammetric response at concentration ranging from 2.40 × 10−7 to 3.50 × 10−6 mol L−1, with detection and quantification limits of 4.15 × 10−7 mol L−1 and 1.38 × 10−6 mol L−1, respectively. The recovery rate of IMC in spiked river water samples varied from 90–95%. Thus, this sensor can be a promising tool for the analysis and monitoring of IMC in complex environmental matrices.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Nephrotic Range Proteinuria in Renal Transplantation: Clinical and Histologic Correlates in a 10-year Retrospective Study

INTRODUCTION: There is a high incidence of nephrotic proteinuria in renal transplant recipients, which is an accurate predictor of graft loss. Despite this, its histologic correlates and prognostic implications are still not well characterized. We assessed the clinical and histological correlates of kidney transplantation patients with nephrotic range proteinuria. METHODS: We have retrospectively analyzed clinical and histological data from 50 kidney transplantation biopsy specimens from 44 renal transplant recipients with nephrotic range proteinuria between 2006 and 2015. The median follow-up time was 93 months (range, 14 months to 190 months). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 45.2 ± 13.7 years and our cohort included 86% recipients of deceased-donor grafts. The maintenance immunosuppressive regimen included calcineurin inhibitors in 68% and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in 32% of patients. The average proteinuria was 6.9 ± 3.8 g/d and 52% of patients presented with nephrotic syndrome. The main histological findings were transplant glomerulopathy (22%), de novo glomerular disease (22%), and recurrence of primary disease (22%). Tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis was present in 78% of the biopsy specimens. Thirty-one patients (62%) lost the graft at follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference between the histologic diagnosis nor the proteinuria levels and the outcome of the graft. CONCLUSIONS: The main causes of nephrotic range proteinuria in patients undergoing biopsy were transplant glomerulopathy, recurrence of the underlying disease, and de novo glomerulonephritis. Nephrotic range proteinuria was related to a high rate of graft loss.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Configuración de las Redes Alimentarias Alternativas en el occidente de México

Introducción: La aparición y pronta propagación de la COVID-19 se ha sumado a crisis anteriores poniendo de manifiesto riesgos latentes, entre ellos los relacionados con la alimentación. Las Redes Alimentarias Alternativas formadas por grupos orientados a la producción, distribución y consumo de alimentos, han representado una posibilidad de acceso a alimentos sanos, ecológicamente sustentables y con prácticas socialmente más justas. El crecimiento de estas redes ha sido exponencial en las últimas décadas, y la situación de emergencia las ha llevado a reconfigurarse con rapidez. En este sentido, se aborda la manera en que se han reconfigurado estas redes en el Occidente de México. Metodología: Con enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, se exploran 96 experiencias distribuidas en cuatro estados del país: Colima, Jalisco, Michoacán y Nayarit. Resultados: Se parte de la categorización de las redes y su análisis, respondiendo dos preguntas principales ¿Cuáles son las pautas organizativas de estos colectivos en el Occidente de México?, ¿Cómo fueron reconfiguradas tales pautas durante la emergencia sanitaria? Conclusiones: Una serie de mecanismos que venían funcionando previo a la pandemia, han favorecido la redefinición espacial y temporal de las organizaciones que conforman Redes Alimentarias Alternativas, basándose en principios comunes de soberanía alimentaria, agroecología y economía solidaria