The Diagnostic and Management of Drug Induced Esophagitis

There are several factors that involve in drug induced esophagitis such as: drugs, esophagus, patients. The drug can cause direct effect to the esophageal mucosa. The drugs that often cause esphagitis: alendronate, tetracycline and its derivates and anti retroviral agents. Most of these drugs can cause esophageal damage due to corrosive nature of the drug. Esophageal factor that can cause the drug induced esophagitis: rheumatic heart disease, enlargement of the left atrium mass and aortal aneorysma. These conditions will disturb drug passage and prolongs drug contact with esophageal mucosa. The patients factor that influences this problem is the patients position when taking the drug, the patients age, the amount of water taken along with the drug, the time when drug was taken, and the amount of saliva. Endoscopy is a good procedure to evaluate the esophageal mucosa and establishing differential diagnosis through direct inspection, biopsy. In the management of esophagitis, PPIs are currently the most effectiveness agents available for treating esophagitis. Esomeprazole, an optical isomer of omeprazole is the first PPI to show greater efficacy than other PPI is in esophagitis healing

Non-cell autonomous OTX2 transcription factor regulates anxiety-related behaviors in the mouse

The Otx2 homeoprotein transcription factor is expressed in the dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area, a mesencephalic nucleus involved in the control of complex behaviors through its projections to limbic structures, including the ventral hippocampus, amygdala, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex. We find adult mice heterozygous for Otx2 show a hypoanxious phenotype in light-dark box and elevated plus maze paradigms. However, the number of dopaminergic neurons, the integrity of their axons, their projection patterns in target structures, and the amounts of dopamine and dopamine metabolites in targets structures were not modified in the Otx2 mutant. Because OTX2 is expressed by the choroid plexus, secreted into cerebrospinal fluid and transferred to parvalbumin interneurons of the cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala, we investigated if the hypoanxiety of Otx2 heterozygous mice could result from the decreased synthesis of Otx2 in the choroid plexus. Indeed, hypoanxious phenotype was reversed by the overexpression of Otx2 specifically in choroid plexus of adult Otx2 heterozygous mice, while hypoanxious phenotype could be induced in adult wild type mice by lowering OTX2 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. Taken together, OTX2 synthesis by the choroid plexus followed by its secretion into the cerebrospinal fluid is an important regulator of the anxiety phenotype in the mouse. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission

RAAD: LIGHT-1 CubeSat's Payload for the Detection of Terrestrial Gamma-Ray Flashes

The Rapid Acquisition Atmospheric Detector (RAAD), onboard the LIGHT-1 3U CubeSat, detects photons between hard X-rays and soft gamma-rays, in order to identify and characterize Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flashes (TGFs). Three detector configurations are tested, making use of Cerium Bromide and Lanthanum BromoChloride scintillating crystals coupled to photomultiplier tubes or Multi-Pixel Photon Counters, in order to identify the optimal combination for TGF detection. High timing resolution, a short trigger window, and the short decay time of its electronics allow RAAD to perform accurate measurements of prompt, transient events. Here we describe the overview of the detection concept, the development of the front-end acquisition electronics, as well as the ground testing and simulation the payload underwent prior to its launch on December 21st, 2021. We further present an analysis of the detector's in-orbit system behavior and some preliminary results.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figure

Thalidomide-Related Eosinophilic Pneumonia: A case report and brief literature review

Thalidomide has regained value in the multimodality treatment of leprosy, multiple myeloma, prostate, ovarian and renal cancer. Complications related to arterial and venous complications are well described. However, pulmonary complications remain relatively uncommon. The most common pulmonary side-effect reported is non-specific dyspnea. We report a patient with multiple myeloma, who developed an eosinophilic pneumonia, shortly after starting thalidomide. She had complete resolution of her symptoms and pulmonary infiltrates on discontinuation of the drug and treatment with corticosteroids. Physicians should be cognizant of this potential complication in patients receiving thalidomide who present with dyspnea and pulmonary infiltrates

Efficacy and safety of a VWF/FVIII concentrate (wilate®) in inherited von Willebrand disease patients undergoing surgical procedures

Introduction: Surgical procedures in von Willebrand disease (VWD) patients may require prophylactic treatment with exogenous von Willebrand factor (VWF) and coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) to prevent excessive bleeding. Wilate\uc2\uaeis a plasma-derived, double virus-inactivated, highly purified, freeze-dried VWF/FVIII concentrate, containing both factors in a physiological activity ratio of 1:1. Aim: To investigate the efficacy and safety of wilate\uc2\uaein maintaining haemostasis in VWD patients undergoing surgical procedures. Methods: This prospective, open-label multinational clinical study documents 28 individuals who underwent 30 surgical procedures managed with wilate\uc2\uae. Twenty-one patients had VWD Type 3, and 21 surgeries were major. Efficacy was assessed intra- and postoperatively by the surgeon and investigator, respectively, and adjudicated by an Independent Data Monitoring Committee, using an objective scale based on blood loss, transfusion requirements and postoperative bleeding and oozing. Treatment success (primary endpoint) was determined using a composite assessment algorithm and was formally assessed. Results: Surgical prophylaxis with wilate\uc2\uaewas successful in 29 of 30 procedures. The overall rate of success was 96.7% (98.75% CI: 0.784, 1.000). All 21 surgeries in patients with VWD Type 3 were managed successfully. There was no accumulation of VWF or FVIII after multiple dosing, and no thromboembolic events or inhibitors to VWF or FVIII were observed. Conclusions: Wilate\uc2\uaedemonstrated effective prevention and treatment of bleeding in inherited VWD patients undergoing surgery, with no clinically significant safety concerns

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pemanfaatan Tanaman Herbal Indonesia sebagai Minuman Fungsional Peningkat Imunitas Tubuh

Kurangnya kepedulian masyarakat terhadap kesehatan dianggap sebagai salah satu penyebab yang meningkatkan jumlah kasus positif dan kematian selama pandemi COVID-19. Pada sisi lain, iformasi yang keliru mengenai COVID-19 seperti identifikasi gejala, penularan, dan upaya pencegahan virus menjadi permasalahan tersediri. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan warga RW 6, Kelurahan Kalirungkut, Kecamatan Rungkut, Surabaya terkait dengan identifikasi gejala dan upaya pencegahan COVID-19. Selain itu, sebagai upaya nyata melakukan pecegahan COVID-19, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini melakukan pelatihan pemanfatan tanaman herbal Indonesia menjadi minuman fungsional untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh. Luaran yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah buku saku dan video pembuatan minuman fungsional, peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai COVID-19 serta peningkatan kemampuan membuat minuman fungsional. Harapannya, kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dapat menjadi inisiasi pemanfaatn tanaman herbal Indonesia sebagai minuman fungsional yang berguna untuk meningkatkan imunitas tubuh selama masa pendemi COVID-19

The Dark Tetrad Personality Traits Moderate the Relationship Between Ideological Passion and Violent Activism

Objective: This research examines the interface between ideological passion and the dark tetrad personality traits to predict violent (vs. peaceful) political activism. Meta-analytic research shows that ideological obsessive passion (OP) is one of the strongest psychological factors associated with violent activism. Here, we examine whether this relationship is magnified by the dark tetrad (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism), which have often been associated with antisocial behavior. Method: In Studies 1A–C, the interaction between ideological passion and the dark tetrad was tested cross-sectionally with three distinct ideological groups, namely, Democrats (N = 566), Republicans (N = 479), and Black Lives Matter supporters (N = 204). In Study 2, we tested the same model using an experimental manipulation of obsessive (vs. harmonious) passion in a sample of environmentalists (N = 233). Results: In Studies 1A–C, the relationship between OP and violent activism was systematically accentuated by sadism. Of note, these effects were specific to violent activism and unrelated to peaceful activism. In Study 2, we replicated these findings and showed that the relationship between sadism and violent activism was significant when individuals were in an obsessively (but not harmoniously) passionate mindset.</p

Combined effect of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 polymorphisms on warfarin maintenance dose in Omani patients

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Acute myocardial infarction and acute heart failure in the Middle East and North Africa: Study design and pilot phase study results from the PEACE MENA registry.

BackgroundThis pilot study describes the overall design and results of the Program for the Evaluation and Management of the Cardiac Events registry for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region.MethodsThis prospective, multi-center, multi-country study included patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and/or acute heart failure (AHF). We evaluated the clinical characteristics, socioeconomic and educational levels, management, in-hospital outcomes, and 30-day mortality rate of patients that were admitted to one tertiary-care center in each of 14 Arab countries in the MENA region.ResultsBetween 22 April and 28 August 2018, 543 AMI and 381AHF patients were enrolled from 14 Arab countries (mean age, 57±12 years, 82.5% men). Over half of the patients in both study groups had low incomes with limited health care coverage, and limited education. Nearly half of the cohort had a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia. Among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarctions, 56.4% received primary percutaneous interventions, 24% received thrombolysis, and 19.5% received no acute reperfusion therapy. The main causes of AHF were ischemic heart diseases (55%) and primary valvular heart diseases (15%). The in-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were 2.0% and 3.5%, respectively, for AMI, and 5.4% and 7.0%, respectively, for AHF.ConclusionsThis pilot study revealed a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in patients with AMI and AHF in Arab countries, and low levels of socioeconomic and educational status. Future phases of the study will improve our understanding of the impact that these factors have on the management and outcomes of cardiac events in these patient populations