[I Capuleti e i Montecchi. Libreto]

Copia digital. España : Ministerio de Cultura. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 202

Automates codéterministes et automates acycliques : analyse d'algorithmes et génération aléatoire

The general context of this thesis is the quantitative analysis of objects coming from rational language theory. We adapt techniques from the field of analysis of algorithms (average-case complexity, generic complexity, random generation...) to objects and algorithms that involve particular classes of automata. In a first part we study the complexity of Brzozowski's minimisation algorithm. Although the worst-case complexity of this algorithm is bad, it is known to be efficient in practice. Using typical properties of random mappings and random permutations, we show that the generic complexityof Brzozowski's algorithm grows faster than any polynomial in n, where n is the number of states of the automaton. In a second part, we study the random generation of acyclic automata. These automata recognize the finite sets of words, and for this reason they are widely use in applications, especially in natural language processing. We present two random generators, one using a model of Markov chain, the other a ``recursive method", based on a cominatorics decomposition of structures. The first method can be applied in many situations cases but is very difficult to calibrate, the second method is more efficient. Once implemented, this second method allows to observe typical properties of acyclic automata of large sizeLe cadre générale de cette thèse est l'analyse quantitative des objets issus de la théorie des langages rationnels. On adapte des techniques d'analyse d'algorithmes (complexité en moyenne, complexité générique, génération aléatoire, ...) à des objets et à des algorithmes qui font intervenir des classes particulières d'automates. Dans une première partie nous étudions la complexité de l'algorithme de minimisation de Brzozowski. Bien qu'ayant une mauvaise complexité dans le pire des cas, cet algorithme a la réputation d'être efficace en pratique. En utilisant les propriétés typiques des applications et des permutations aléatoires, nous montrons que la complexité générique de l'algorithme de Brzozowski appliqué à un automate déterministe croît plus vite que tout polynôme en n, où n est le nombre d'états de l'automate. Dans une seconde partie nous nous intéressons à la génération aléatoire d'automates acycliques. Ces automates sont ceux qui reconnaissent les ensembles finis de mots et sont de ce fait utilisés dans de nombreuses applications, notamment en traitement automatique des langues. Nous proposons deux générateurs aléatoires. Le premier utilise le modèle des chaînes de Markov, et le second utilise la "méthode récursive", qui tire partie des décompositions combinatoires des objets pour faire de la génération. La première méthode est souple mais difficile à calibrer, la seconde s'avère plutôt efficace. Une fois implantée, cette dernière nous a notamment permis d'observer les propriétés typiques des grands automates acycliques aléatoire

Multiple-Order Singularity Expansion Method

Physical systems and signals are often characterized by complex functions of frequency in the harmonic-domain. The extension of such functions to the complex frequency plane has been a topic of growing interest as it was shown that specific complex frequencies could be used to describe both ordinary and exceptional physical properties. In particular, expansions and factorized forms of the harmonic-domain functions in terms of their poles and zeros under multiple physical considerations have been used. In this work, we start from a general property of continuity and differentiability of the complex functions to derive the multiple-order singularity expansion method. We rigorously derive the common singularity and zero expansion and factorization expressions, and generalize them to the case of singularities of arbitrary order, whilst deducing the behaviour of these complex frequencies from the simple hypothesis that we are dealing with physically realistic signals.Comment: Main manuscript: 13 pages, 5 figures. Supporting information: 6 pages, 3 figure

Gender Identification Beyond the Binary and Its Consequences for Social Well-Being

Recent societal initiatives (e.g., gender-neutral toilets, clothing, and language) highlight the ongoing shift of gender away from binary categories: “man” and “woman.” We identified and investigated two reasons for this shift: that many people may not identify with strictly binary categories and that this may have negative social consequences. Employing a multiple-identification model, we measured intergroup self-categorization with both men and women (Studies 1 and 2), as well as with a “third gender” (Study 3) and investigated how multiple identifications are related to social well-being (Studies 2 and 3). In Study 1 (N = 182, mean age = 32.74, 121 women), we found that a binary model was not the best fit for our gender identification data. In Study 2 (N = 482, mean age = 30.98, 240 AFABs), we found four clusters of gender identification, replicating previous research. Furthermore, we found that gender non-conforming participants reported being less able to be their authentic selves than binary participants. We also found that participants who identified lowly with both binary genders reported lower well-being in general (belongingness, self-esteem, life satisfaction, positive affect). In Study 3 (N = 280, mean age = 36.97, 140 AFABs), we found that asking about a third gender seemed to change how much participants reported identifying with men and women. We also found that gender non-conforming participants reported lower authenticity, belongingness, and self-esteem. We conclude that moving away from binary categories of gender may be beneficial to many non-conforming people of different nationalities, including cisgender, heterosexual people

Falling on deaf ears: The effects of sender identity and feedback dimension on how people process and respond to negative feedback − An ERP study

Social contexts can affect how people respond to feedback from others. We investigated how context information modulates the cognitive processing of feedback messages (i.e., external evaluations of one's character). We manipulated two aspects of (positive and negative) feedback messages: The identity of the sender (ingroup vs. outgroup member), and the dimension (one's competence vs. morality) as focal concern addressed in the feedback. We measured affective and behavioral responses after participants received such feedback (Study 1, N = 194), and additionally recorded an EEG in Study 2 (N = 49). In both studies, participants reported being more emotionally affected by negative feedback from ingroup compared to outgroup senders. Participants in Study 1 also reported to perceive feedback on their morality (vs. competence) as more negative. Complementing these findings, ERP results of Study 2 revealed greater preferential processing (i.e., increased P200) of feedback messages delivered by ingroup rather than outgroup members. Additionally, participants paid less sustained attention to feedback on their morality (vs. competence, as indicated by decreased P300- and LPP-amplitudes), and afterward recalled less morality- (vs. competence-) related feedback messages. The ERP findings were more pronounced for negative compared to positive feedback. These results suggest that subtle cues such as the social group-membership of a sender or the dimension addressed in a feedback message can modulate the cognitive processing of that message. Furthermore, our findings may explain why people are inclined to disregard negative feedback from outgroup senders and on their moral character

Immigrant status and cardiovascular risk over time: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Despite cross-sectional evidence that foreign-born United States (US) residents often have better health than US-born residents of similar race/ethnicity, we know little about overall cardiovascular risk progression over time among immigrants as they age in the US

LE PC ET LES MESURES CHRONOMETRIQUES EFFECTUEES EN « TEMPS REEL» DANS LES SPORTS CYCLIQUES

International audienceLes staffs techniques impliqués quotidiennement dans la mesure temporelle de la performance (chronométrage, temps de séquences, cadences, comptes à rebours) sont culturellement « fascinés » par 3 atouts majeurs que représente le PC lui-même : une puissance de calcul notoire, un coût modéré et l'illusion d'un affichage en « temps réel ». De plus, l'entraîneur a à sa disposition nombre d'applications de gestion de temps avec clavier ou souris et affichage « immédiat » telles qu'elles existent sur le Net, ou mieux, il peut envisager d'en faire élaborer une plus spécifique aux objectifs envisagés dans sa discipline. Enfin, les organisateurs de compétitions ont été progressivement saisis par des demandes d'évaluateurs, de chercheurs puis par les Fédérations Internationales qui souhaitent fournir un nouveau type d'informations destiné essentiellement aux journalistes et spectateurs permettant d'analyser des activités cycliques en temps réel (fréquence gestuelle, longueur de foulées ou de cycles de nage etc.). La conjugaison des techniques informatiques et électroniques actuelles permet-elle de proposer des solutions performantes pour dispenser ce type d'informations de manière immédiate

Corrigendum to "Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy Markers LAMP2A and HSC70 Are Independent Adverse Prognostic Markers in Primary Resected Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Lung".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/8506572.]