11 research outputs found

    RESPOSTA DE CULTIVARES DE AMENDOIM À COINOCULAÇÃO DE Bradyrhizobium E Azospirillum

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    A coinoculação de bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas (BPCP) e de rizóbio pode ter efeito benéfico na nodulação e no crescimento das plantas leguminosas, sendo alternativa para potencializar a fixação biológica de nitrogênio (FBN) e a produtividade da cultura. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência da inoculação de Bradyrhizobium japonicum e Azospirillum brasilense de forma isolada e combinada na nodulação e no crescimento de duas cultivares de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivadas em solo arenoso do Cerrado. Os tratamentos foram dispostos no delineamento de blocos casualizados (DBC) em um esquema fatorial 2 × 4: duas cultivares de amendoim [IAC Tatu ST (porte ereto) e Runner IAC 886 (porte rasteiro)] e quatro tratamentos de inoculação das sementes [controle (sem inoculação), inoculação com Bradyrhizobium japonicum, inoculação com Azospirillum brasilense e coinoculação com B. japonicum e A. brasilense], com quatro repetições. Aos 60 dias após a semeadura, foram avaliados nodulação das raízes, o crescimento e a partição de matéria seca das plantas. Os resultados evidenciaram que a inoculação das sementes de amendoim com B. japonicum e A. brasilense de forma isolada e/ou combinada pode proporcionar sustentabilidade para o sistema de produção de amendoim na região do Cerrado por melhorar a nodulação das raízes e o crescimento das plantas

    Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

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    The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

    Estratégias para a programação da produção em ambientes com capacidade flexível controlados pelo sistema PBC

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    The PBC System is a well-known Ordering System that periodically syncronizes the material flow of the shop floor. The PBC has the property of constant and planned production lead-time, a policy of minimal lot sizing and a constant frequency on order releasing. An exhaustive literature review presented in this thesis has shown that work uses PBC when the production capacity is not constant. This is a reality presented in companies where compensatory times off allows the capacity be tranfer between time stamps and employees that can work on diferente positions, allowing the capacity to be managed from one working center to another. This work formally defines those issues using mathematical programming, and defines a set of heuristics to solve it. After the application of the models and heuristics to a set of instances, one can note that the heuristics are eficiente to solve the problem, and the strategy of using PBC is very successful in the studied environment (production system with variable capacity).O sistema PBC é conhecido como um sistema de controle da produção que sincroniza periodicamente o fluxo de materiais no chão de fábrica. O PBC tem a característica de possuir lead-time de produção constante e planejado, política de dimensionamento de lote conforme o mínimo necessário e frequência estável na liberação de ordens. Uma revisão exaustiva da literatura, apresentada neste trabalho, mostrou que não existem relatos do uso do PBC em ambientes onde a capacidade produtiva não é constante, uma realidade que se apresenta às empresas com a adoção de políticas de banco de horas (que permitem a transferência de capacidade produtiva entre diferentes períodos) e funcionários polivantes (que permitem a transferência de capacidade produtiva entre diferentes centros de trabalho). O presente trabalho define formalmente esse problema, usando técnicas de programação matemática, e propõe um conjunto de heurísticas para resolvê-lo. Após a aplicação dos modelos e heurísticas em um conjunto de casos de teste, mostra-se que as heurísticas propostas são eficazes para a resolução do problema, sendo estratégias viáveis para a implementação do PBC em ambientes de manufatura com capacidade variável

    Proposta de um sistema de controle da produção para fabricantes de calçados que operam sob encomenda Proposal of a production control system for shoemakers operating in a resources-to-order or make-to-order product market environment

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    Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de sistema de controle da produção para regular o fluxo de materiais de pequenas e médias empresas fabricantes de calçados que adotam a política de atendimento à demanda RTO (resources-to-order) ou MTO (make-to-order), trabalhando com uma ampla variedade de produtos finais. Para entender a problemática do PCP (planejamento e controle da produção) nesse segmento, foram pesquisadas 7 fábricas de calçados localizadas na cidade de Birigui-SP. A proposta engloba: a) a escolha de um ordering system (sistema de coordenação de ordens (SCO)); b) desenvolvimento de um método para elaboração do programa mestre de produção MPS (master production schedule); e c) procedimentos para seqüenciar as ordens de produção.This paper presents a proposal for controlling the production in shoe industries. It aims at regulating the material flow in small and medium enterprises operating in a Resources-to-Order (RTO) or Make-to-Order (MTO) product market environment with large variety of final products. For a better understanding of Production Planning and Control (PPC) problems in this context. Seven shoemakers in the city of Birigui-SP, Brasil were investigated. The proposal includes: (a) choosing an ordering system; (b) developing a method for elaborating the master production schedule (MPS); and (c) establishing procedures for sequencing the production orders

    Proposta de um método para atingir a manufatura responsiva na indústria de calçados: implantação e avaliação por meio de uma pesquisa-ação Proposal of a method to achieve responsive manufacturing in the footwear industry: implementation and assessment through research-action

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    Várias estratégias (Manufatura em Massa Atual, Manufatura Enxuta, Manufatura Responsiva, Customização em Massa, Manufatura Ágil,...) propõem-se a auxiliar as empresas na gestão da manufatura. O foco deste artigo é a Manufatura Responsiva (MR). O contexto em que se aplica a MR é a alta variedade de produtos feitos sob encomenda tendo como um fator crítico de sucesso o tempo de resposta (diferença entre a data em que o cliente recebe o atendimento de seu pedido e a data em que o cliente faz o pedido) que deve ser o menor possível, porém sem deteriorar os níveis de produtividade e qualidade. No Brasil, a MR é pouco conhecida e não utilizada de maneira formal. O objetivo deste estudo é propor e avaliar, por meio de uma pesquisa-ação, uma sistemática para atingir a MR em fábricas de calçados. Para a grande maioria dos fabricantes de calçados, a redução do tempo de resposta representa um importante trunfo competitivo. Dentre os resultados obtidos da implantação do método proposto na empresa Kidy, destacam-se: redução substancial do tempo de resposta, reduções de custos produtivos e de mão de obra, aumento nas quantidades de pedidos atendidos dentro dos prazos e diminuição dos índices de retrabalho.<br>There are several strategies (Modern Mass Production, Lean Manufacturing, Responsive Manufacturing (RM), Mass Customization, Agile Manufacturing, etc) that can be used to aid manufacturing management in enterprises. This paper focuses on Responsive Manufacturing. RM is applied in environments of high variety of made-to-order product, in which response time (the elapsed time between the end of an inquiry and the beginning of a response) is a critical factor and should be minimum without diminishing quality and disrupting productivity. In Brazil, RM is not well known or frequently used. The objective of this study is to propose and evaluate, by means of an action-research, a method to achieve RM in the footwear industry. For the majority of the footwear manufacturers, the reduction in response time represents a key competitive advantage. Among the main results obtained with the implementation of the proposed method in the company studied (Kidy) are: substantial reduction of response time, reduction of production and labor costs, increase of service level, and reduction of rework rate

    Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2009

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    Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

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    International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora
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