Purity of the Ideal of Continuous Functions with Compact Support

&#60;P&#62;Let C(X) be the ring of all continuous real valued functions defined on a completely regular T1-space. Let CK(X) be the ideal of functions with compact support. Purity of CK(X) is studied and characterized through the subspace XL, the set of all points in X with compact neighborhoods (nbhd). It is proved that CK(X) is pure if and only if XL=&#8746;f&#8712;CK supp f. if CK(X) and CK(Y) are pure ideals, then CK(X) is isomorphic to CK(Y) if and only if XL is homeomorphic to YL. It is proved that CK(X) is pure and XL is basically disconnected if and only if for every f &#8712;CK(X), the ideal (f ) is a projective C(X)-module. Finally it is proved that if CK(X) is pure, then XL is an F'-space if and only if every principal ideal of CK(X) is a flat C(X)-module. Concrete examples exemplifying the concepts studied are given.</p

Groundwater Geogenic and Anthropogenic Assessment of Organic and Inorganic Contaminants within Three Major Metropolies in Enugu

This study assessed the impact of increased industrialization and population within three major metropolis in Enugu, namely Abakpa, Emena, and Independence Layout by analyzing 60 water samples and 10 shale samples. Inventory of Dumpsites were done and categorized into domestic, industrial, commercial and hazardous wastes. Pollution load indices analysis such as Heavy metal pollution index (HPI), Heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) and Degree of contamination (Cdeg) categorized the groundwater quality in the study area into low, intermediate and high contamination. The multivariate statistical analysis extracted three anthropogenic diagnostic factors controlling the chemistry based on the parameter associations. The XRD analysis shows that influence of geogenic factors in groundwater contamination within the study area is very minimal. None of the computed WQI fell within the excellent water quality within the stud. Generally 28.3% of the groundwater fell under the good water quality, 41.6% within the poor water quality, 20% within the very poor water quality and 10% within the unsuitable water condition. DOI: 10.7176/JEES/13-4-04 Publication date:June 30th 2023

Determinants of Output of Artisanal Fishers in Oguta, Imo State, Nigeria

The objective of the survey is to determine the variables that affect the output of artisanal fishers in Oguta Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria. Data used for the study were obtained from primary and secondary sources using a multi-stage random sampling technique. In the first stage, 10 villages out of the 27 villages in Oguta were selected at random. In the first second state, 4 fishers were selected from each of the villages making a total of 40 respondents in Oguta Ameshi. Similarly, 60 respondents were selected from Ubi, which is made up of 27 farm settlements (Egwes). This brought the total to 100 respondents. Instrument of data collection was via well-structured and pre-tested questionnaires. The lead equation (linear form) shows that values of fixed cost invested (X1), depreciation value of fixed assets (X4) and area of the lake fished (X5) were significantly and positively correlated with the value of outputs. The linear equation explained 51.5% of the variation in the output of artisan fishers Imo State, Nigeria. Keywords: keyword;Socio-economic, Determinants, Artisanal fishersJournal of Agriculture and Food Sciences Vol. 5 (1) 2007: pp. 29-3

Design and Implementation of a Mobile Express Delivery System

Express delivery services in the world today have advanced greatly in developed countries with the use of information and communication technology (ICT) product and services. Meanwhile, most courier companies particularly the indigenous ones in the developing countries including Nigeria still have many problems in the delivery chain of courier services operations. The existing express delivery system lack mobile facilities for customers to lodge complains and track shipment on the move and courier agents are not able to access courier information while on the field. This paper presents the design and implementation of a Mobile Express Delivery System (EDS) on a WAP-enabled platform to enable courier customers perform various operations via mobile device such as tracking of shipment, checking account statement and lodging complaints. The Mobile EDS provides the courier customers a means of tracing/tracking shipment, lodging of complaints and making financial transactions on shipment. It also assists the courier staff to effectively manage courier related data with a mobile phone. The system is therefore able to enhance time, efficiency and documentation management for the customer and courier staff

Impact of Social Entrepreneurship on Youth Economic Empowerment in Kaduna Meropolis, Kaduna-Nigeria

There are certain kinds of people who garner enormous satisfaction from successfully taking on a “mission impossible” and, by so doing, actually manage to change the world, or wherever they live, sometimes in surprising ways. Such individuals are rare, and when we become aware of them and their astonishing achievements, we observe that they cannot easily be ignored. Such individuals are the products of rural as well as urban areas; of developing as well as developed countries; of large cities as well as remote areas; they may be Hausas/Fulanis from Northern Nigeria, or Yorubas from the South-Western Nigeria, or Igbos from the Souh-Eastern Nigeria, or other tribes like the Tivs, Gwaris and Nupes from north-entral Nigeria,  Kanuris from the northeastern Nigeria. They may be well- known figures, such as Gen. Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida, Gen. TY Danjuma, Gen. Aliyu Mohammed Gusau, Alhaji Atiku Abubakar (Wazirin Adamawa), Alhaji Aminu Dantata, Alhaji Aliko Dangote, or anonymous, unrecognized individuals from cities and small villages in Nigeria and elsewhere. Social entrepreneurship has emerged as a contemporary issue in the social arena. It is a concept well suited for our age because it makes a call for entrepreneurial activities to spearhead the resolving of social issues in our communities; since many governmental and charitable efforts have failed to meet the existing social needs (Dees, 2001). Societies are dealing with social challenges such as youth unemployment, poverty, hunger, terrorism, floods, health care challenges, infrastructural inadequacies, and maternal mortality, among others. All these challenges are capable of affecting the social wellbeing of individuals. Life can only be interesting if there are tools and strategies readily available for dealing with these challenges. Social challenges at different levels (global, national or regional) require special strategies and tools for handling them. The complexities of social challenges experienced in most parts of Nigeria, especially Kaduna metropolis demands a more creative and innovative approach in balancing these pressures and constraints geared towards overcoming these challenges as well as initializing sustainable development in our communities

US Immigrants’ Experiences with the Covid-19 Pandemic- Findings from Online Focus Groups

Objective: Immigrants in the United States (US) are disproportionately affected by disasters. Yet the effects of one type of disaster—pandemics—have been underexplored in this regard. The purpose of this study was to better understand these effects, with specific attention to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on US immigrants and their social networks. Design: Forty-five US immigrants (aged 18 and above) participated across eight online focus groups during spring 2020. Using “criterion of inclusion” sampling, participants were recruited via gatekeeper and snowball sampling methods. Anonymity was maintained throughout all online focus group sessions. Discussions were transcribed and then categorized into distinct code families for immigrants’ “experiences during pandemic” and “pandemic response activities.” The resultant human-categorized content was then qualitatively analyzed to explore the effects of COVID-19 on US immigrants. Results: COVID-19 posed unique challenges for immigrant communities in spring 2020. These challenges included added burdens of sending financial resources abroad, caring for dependent parents, and managing immigration status anxieties—alongside more commonplace challenges concerning childcare, employment, and interpersonal relationships. At the same time, US immigrants showed remarkable ability to leverage their experiences and social networks in response to COVID-19, so as to (1) provide pandemic-relevant health education within their communities, (2) provide targeted support to those in need (both in the US and in their home countries), and (3) draw upon past experiences in immigrants’ home countries when navigating the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated government lockdown in the US. Conclusions: US immigrants were significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to more broadly-imposed pandemic burdens related to concerns about childcare, employment, and interpersonal relationships, immigrant communities have faced unique challenges brought on by the pandemic. However, this study’s examination of pandemic experiences and response activities has illustrated that US immigrants’ unique backgrounds, cultures, and social networks have provided them with a number of notable resources and strategies for coping with the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings offer important insights into strategies that should be leveraged as part of planning and response to prevent the disparate impacts of current and future pandemics on immigrant populations

Characteristic trace fossils from Miocene brackish- water deposits in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Miocene deposits in the eastern portion of the Greater Ughelli, Central Swamp and Coastal Swamp depobelts contain well-developed brackish-water trace fossil assemblages. Twelve ichnogenera have been identified, namely: Asterosoma, Bergaueria, Chondrites, Gyrolithes, Thalassinoides, Lockeia, Palaeophycus, ?Conichnus, Planolites, Siphonichnus, Skolithos and Diplocraterion. In addition, common non-descript, passively filled burrows and fugichnia (escape structures) have also been observed. The above-mentioned ichnogenera and associated non-descript structures can be arranged into six distinct and recurring ichnoassociations within the Greater Ughelli, Central Swamp and Coastal Swamp depobelts. Each ichnoassociation is comprised of a group of trace fossils which collectively reflect specific environmental conditions during deposition of these Miocene strata. All trace fossil assemblages illustrate deposition in nearshore, restricted settings. Ichnological and sedimentological criteria which may be utilized to recognise brackish-water deposits are discussed and illustrated in pictures of the cores studied

The Wiener Polynomial of the k

We presented a formula for the Wiener polynomial of the kth power graph. We use this formula to find the Wiener polynomials of the kth power graphs of paths, cycles, ladder graphs, and hypercubes. Also, we compute the Wiener indices of these graphs