Leveraging Interactive Maps as a Resource Discovery Tool: Envisioning a Repository, Collection or Series with a Map-driven Interface

Those of us with Digital Commons sites may already have download based live-maps embedded on one or more landing pages of our collections. What if we created a map for end-users to search our series in new ways? In this sandbox, two members of the LSRD-SIS executive board come together to share a show-and-tell-style tour of 3 map-based interfaces for a variety of legal resources, from in-house developed examples to a larger database provider like HeinOnline. Through these examples, we hope attendees will engage in brainstorming ways we could creatively integrate maps to leverage them as a more user-centered discovery tool for our organization’s own legal repository collections. We want these examples help repository administrators and librarians to collectively contemplate how transferrable and logistically plausible it would be to design similar UX experiences that work with our repositories; pivoting from a map displaying live-downloads of what others have found to a version of this style search tool that lets site visitors use the map to explore our collections in new ways. This short informal paper introduces the three primary examples for discussion: 1. Local Nebraska Laws Map - LibGuides backend, public user focused 2. Call All Papers Map - Drupal backend, faculty user focused 3. State Constitution\u27s Illustrated - HeinOnline resources we are all familiar wit

Quick Question: What’s With All Those Acronyms?

Rachel Evans and Keelan Weber break down the key acronyms and related terminology for other new technical services and online bibliographic services special interest section members in this blog post. TechScans is a blog to share the latest trends and technology tools for technical services law librarians. The official blog of the TS-SIS and OBS-SIS AALL groups

Preface

The University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics (PWPL) is an occasional series published by the Penn Linguistics Club, the graduate student organization of the Linguistics Department of the University of Pennsylvania. The series has included volumes of previously unpublished work, or work in progress, by linguists with an ongoing affiliation with the Department, as well as volumes of papers from the NWAV conference and the Penn Linguistics Colloquium. This volume contains the proceedings of the 32nd NWAVE Conference, October 9 to 12, 2003, at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia. The inaugural Charles Ferguson Prize for best student paper or poster was awarded to Christine Mallinson and Becky Childs’ “Communities of Practice in Sociolinguistic Description: African American Women’s Language in Appalachia.” Thanks to Aaron Dinkin, Aviad Eilam, Michael Friesner, Ron Kim, Maya Ravindranath, Gillian Sankoff, and Suzanne Evans Wagner for their help in editing this volume

RAIDER: Reinforcement-aided Spear Phishing Detector

Spear Phishing is a harmful cyber-attack facing business and individuals worldwide. Considerable research has been conducted recently into the use of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to detect spear-phishing emails. ML-based solutions may suffer from zero-day attacks; unseen attacks unaccounted for in the training data. As new attacks emerge, classifiers trained on older data are unable to detect these new varieties of attacks resulting in increasingly inaccurate predictions. Spear Phishing detection also faces scalability challenges due to the growth of the required features which is proportional to the number of the senders within a receiver mailbox. This differs from traditional phishing attacks which typically perform only a binary classification between phishing and benign emails. Therefore, we devise a possible solution to these problems, named RAIDER: Reinforcement AIded Spear Phishing DEtectoR. A reinforcement-learning based feature evaluation system that can automatically find the optimum features for detecting different types of attacks. By leveraging a reward and penalty system, RAIDER allows for autonomous features selection. RAIDER also keeps the number of features to a minimum by selecting only the significant features to represent phishing emails and detect spear-phishing attacks. After extensive evaluation of RAIDER over 11,000 emails and across 3 attack scenarios, our results suggest that using reinforcement learning to automatically identify the significant features could reduce the dimensions of the required features by 55% in comparison to existing ML-based systems. It also improves the accuracy of detecting spoofing attacks by 4% from 90% to 94%. In addition, RAIDER demonstrates reasonable detection accuracy even against a sophisticated attack named Known Sender in which spear-phishing emails greatly resemble those of the impersonated sender.Comment: 16 page

Prokineticin-1:a novel mediator of the inflammatory response in third-trimester human placenta

Prokineticin-1 (PK1) is a recently described protein with a wide range of functions, including tissue-specific angiogenesis, modulation of inflammatory responses, and regulation of hemopoiesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the localization and expression of PK1 and PK receptor-1 (PKR1), their signaling pathways, and the effect of PK1 on expression of the inflammatory mediators cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and IL-8 in third-trimester placenta. PK1 and PKR1 were highly expressed in term placenta and immunolocalized to syncytiotrophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts, fetal endothelium, and macrophages. PK1 induced a time-dependent increase in expression of IL-8 and COX-2, which was significantly reduced by inhibitors of Gq, cSrc, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and MAPK kinase. Treatment of third-trimester placenta with 40 nm PK1 induced a rapid phosphorylation of cSrc, EGFR, and ERK1/2. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in response to PK1 was dependent on sequential phosphorylation of cSrc and EGFR. Using double-immunofluorescent immunohistochemistry, PKR1 colocalized with IL-8 and COX-2 in placenta. These data suggest that PK1 may have a novel role as a mediator of the inflammatory response in placenta

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability

Iron Behaving Badly: Inappropriate Iron Chelation as a Major Contributor to the Aetiology of Vascular and Other Progressive Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases

The production of peroxide and superoxide is an inevitable consequence of aerobic metabolism, and while these particular "reactive oxygen species" (ROSs) can exhibit a number of biological effects, they are not of themselves excessively reactive and thus they are not especially damaging at physiological concentrations. However, their reactions with poorly liganded iron species can lead to the catalytic production of the very reactive and dangerous hydroxyl radical, which is exceptionally damaging, and a major cause of chronic inflammation. We review the considerable and wide-ranging evidence for the involvement of this combination of (su)peroxide and poorly liganded iron in a large number of physiological and indeed pathological processes and inflammatory disorders, especially those involving the progressive degradation of cellular and organismal performance. These diseases share a great many similarities and thus might be considered to have a common cause (i.e. iron-catalysed free radical and especially hydroxyl radical generation). The studies reviewed include those focused on a series of cardiovascular, metabolic and neurological diseases, where iron can be found at the sites of plaques and lesions, as well as studies showing the significance of iron to aging and longevity. The effective chelation of iron by natural or synthetic ligands is thus of major physiological (and potentially therapeutic) importance. As systems properties, we need to recognise that physiological observables have multiple molecular causes, and studying them in isolation leads to inconsistent patterns of apparent causality when it is the simultaneous combination of multiple factors that is responsible. This explains, for instance, the decidedly mixed effects of antioxidants that have been observed, etc...Comment: 159 pages, including 9 Figs and 2184 reference

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Quick Question: What’s With All Those Acronyms?

Rachel Evans and Keelan Weber break down the key acronyms and related terminology for other new technical services and online bibliographic services special interest section members in this blog post. TechScans is a blog to share the latest trends and technology tools for technical services law librarians. The official blog of the TS-SIS and OBS-SIS AALL groups

Leveraging Interactive Maps as a Resource Discovery Tool: Envisioning a Repository, Collection or Series with a Map-driven Interface

Those of us with Digital Commons sites may already have download based live-maps embedded on one or more landing pages of our collections. What if we created a map for end-users to search our series in new ways? In this sandbox, two members of the LSRD-SIS executive board come together to share a show-and-tell-style tour of 3 map-based interfaces for a variety of legal resources, from in-house developed examples to a larger database provider like HeinOnline. Through these examples, we hope attendees will engage in brainstorming ways we could creatively integrate maps to leverage them as a more user-centered discovery tool for our organization’s own legal repository collections. We want these examples help repository administrators and librarians to collectively contemplate how transferrable and logistically plausible it would be to design similar UX experiences that work with our repositories; pivoting from a map displaying live-downloads of what others have found to a version of this style search tool that lets site visitors use the map to explore our collections in new ways. This short informal paper introduces the three primary examples for discussion: 1. Local Nebraska Laws Map - LibGuides backend, public user focused 2. Call All Papers Map - Drupal backend, faculty user focused 3. State Constitution\u27s Illustrated - HeinOnline resources we are all familiar wit