4,494 research outputs found
Strike point splitting induced by the application of magnetic perturbations on MAST
Divertor strike point splitting induced by resonant magnetic perturbations
(RMPs) has been observed on MAST for a variety of RMP configurations in a
plasma scenario with Ip=750kA where those configurations all have similar
resonant components. Complementary measurements have been obtained with
divertor Langmuir probes and an infrared camera. Clear splitting consistently
appears in this scenario only in the even configuration of the perturbation
coils, similarly to the density pump-out. These results present a challenge for
models of plasma response to RMPs.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the proceedings of the 20th
Conference on Plasma Surface Interactions, to be published in the Journal of
Nuclear Material
Exact longitudinal plasmon dispersion relations for one and two dimensional Wigner crystals
We derive the exact longitudinal plasmon dispersion relations, of
classical one and two dimensional Wigner crystals at T=0 from the real space
equations of motion, of which properly accounts for the full unscreened Coulomb
interactions. We make use of the polylogarithm function in order to evaluate
the infinite lattice sums of the electrostatic force constants. From our exact
results we recover the correct long-wavelength behavior of previous approximate
methods. In 1D, , validating the known
RPA and bosonization form. In 2D , agreeing remarkably
with the celebrated Ewald summation result. Additionally, we extend this
analysis to calculate the band structure of tight-binding models of
non-interacting electrons with arbitrary power law hopping.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. Important typos and errors fixed, 2D dispersion
adde
Automated Calibration of Electrochemical Oxygen Sensors for Use in Compost Bedded Pack Barns
The objective of this study was to develop an automated calibration process for a galvanic cell type oxygen sensor. The manufacturer recommended a two-point calibration at room temperature; however, testing revealed that the response was not linear when both the temperature and oxygen concentrations varied. Thus, additional points were needed to generate a representative calibration equation and to reduce the sensor prediction interval. The calibration process needed to be capable of automatically recording sensor response (voltage) at an array of temperatures and oxygen concentrations. Calibration gases were used to precisely control the oxygen concentration inside a small manifold, and an electronically controlled water bath was used to regulate the sensor and gas temperature. A custom computer program controlled the sampling order and the data collection process. The responses for three sensors were recorded at six temperature (10°C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, and 60°C) and five oxygen concentration (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% O2 absolute) combinations, for a total of 30 measurements per calibration. Calibration data were used to create a second-degree polynomial model with oxygen sensor voltage and temperature as input parameters, which reduced the prediction interval by over 1% O2 for each of the three sensors tested. The resulting prediction intervals ranged between 0.75% and 0.95% O2. Three sensors were mounted in a prototype oxygen probe and tested under controlled conditions to demonstrate the ability to measure oxygen concentration versus depth in a composting environment
Casimir force in the rotor model with twisted boundary conditions
We investigate the three dimensional lattice XY model with nearest neighbor
interaction. The vector order parameter of this system lies on the vertices of
a cubic lattice, which is embedded in a system with a film geometry. The
orientations of the vectors are fixed at the two opposite sides of the film.
The angle between the vectors at the two boundaries is where . We make use of the mean field approximation to study the mean
length and orientation of the vector order parameter throughout the film---and
the Casimir force it generates---as a function of the temperature , the
angle , and the thickness of the system. Among the results of that
calculation are a Casimir force that depends in a continuous way on both the
parameter and the temperature and that can be attractive or repulsive.
In particular, by varying and/or one controls \underline{both} the
sign \underline{and} the magnitude of the Casimir force in a reversible way.
Furthermore, for the case , we discover an additional phase
transition occurring only in the finite system associated with the variation of
the orientations of the vectors.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figure
Field Guide to Exhumed Major Faults in Southern California
This field guide provides an overview of exposures and provides a field trip guide to localities of exhumed faults in southern California. We focus on exposures of faults that are documented or inferred to be exhumed from seismogenic depths. The goal of this guidebook is to provide geoscientists who are interested in fault zone mechanics and earthquake processes a summary of the results of the work on these sites
Macrofaunal diversity of infralittoral cobble beds in the Maltese Islands
This research work was partially funded through the
European Social Fund under a STEPS scheme grant awarded to JE.The Mediterranean “biocoenosis of infralittoral pebbles ” has been poorly studied, but is generally considered to be impoverished. Systematic sampling of cobble beds at 17 sites around the Maltese Islands yielded a total of 35,687 individuals belonging to 310 different taxa. Very shallow sites (<2 m depth) had a slightly poorer faunal assemblage than deeper ones (2 -12 m depth), but still included 152 taxa. These results suggest that infralittoral cobbles beds may not be as impoverished as previously thought, probably due to the high structural complexity of these habitats.peer-reviewe
Simulations and Measurements of the Background Encountered by a High-Altitude Balloon-Borne Experiment for Hard X-ray Astronomy
We have modelled the hard X-ray background expected for a high-altitude
balloon flight of the Energetic X-ray Telescope Experiment (EXITE2), an imaging
phoswich detector/telescope for the 20--600 keV energy range. Photon and
neutron-induced contributions to the background are considered. We describe the
code and the results of a series of simulations with different shielding
configurations. The simulated hard X-ray background for the actual flight
configuration agrees reasonably well (within a factor of 2) with the
results measured on the first flight of EXITE2 from Palestine, Texas. The
measured background flux at 100 keV is 4 10 counts
cm s keV.Comment: 17 pages Latex (uses aaspp4.sty) plus 7 postscript figures: available
in file figs.tar.g
A Late Cretaceous true polar wander oscillation
True polar wander (TPW), or planetary reorientation, is well documented for other planets and moons and for Earth at present day with satellites, but testing its prevalence in Earth’s past is complicated by simultaneous motions due to plate tectonics. Debate has surrounded the existence of Late Cretaceous TPW ca. 84 million years ago (Ma). Classic palaeomagnetic data from the Scaglia Rossa limestone of Italy are the primary argument against the existence of ca. 84 Ma TPW. Here we present a new high-resolution palaeomagnetic record from two overlapping stratigraphic sections in Italy that provides evidence for a ~12° TPW oscillation from 86 to 78 Ma. This observation represents the most recent large-scale TPW documented and challenges the notion that the spin axis has been largely stable over the past 100 million years
Tracing PAHs and Warm Dust Emission in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 1068
We present a study of the nearby Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068 using mid- and far-
infrared data acquired with the IRAC, IRS, and MIPS instruments aboard the
Spitzer Space Telescope. The images show extensive 8 um and 24 um emission
coinciding with star formation in the inner spiral approximately 15" (1 kpc)
from the nucleus, and a bright complex of star formation 47" (3 kpc) SW of the
nucleus. The brightest 8 um PAH emission regions coincide remarkably well with
knots observed in an Halpha image. Strong PAH features at 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, and
11.3 um are detected in IRS spectra measured at numerous locations inside,
within, and outside the inner spiral. The IRAC colors and IRS spectra of these
regions rule out dust heated by the AGN as the primary emission source; the
SEDs are dominated by starlight and PAH emission. The equivalent widths and
flux ratios of the PAH features in the inner spiral are generally consistent
with conditions in a typical spiral galaxy ISM. Interior to the inner spiral,
the influence of the AGN on the ISM is evident via PAH flux ratios indicative
of a higher ionization parameter and a significantly smaller mean equivalent
width than observed in the inner spiral. The brightest 8 and 24 um emission
peaks in the disk of the galaxy, even at distances beyond the inner spiral, are
located within the ionization cones traced by [O III]/Hbeta, and they are also
remarkably well aligned with the axis of the radio jets. Although it is
possible that radiation from the AGN may directly enhance PAH excitation or
trigger the formation of OB stars that subsequently excite PAH emission at
these locations in the inner spiral, the orientation of collimated radiation
from the AGN and star formation knots in the inner spiral could be
coincidental. (abridged)Comment: 20 pages, 11 figures; AJ, accepted; full resolution version available
at http://spider.ipac.caltech.edu/staff/jhhowell/astro/howelln1068.pd
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