The Evolution of Intermediary Institutions in Europe: From Corporatism to Governance

This book investigates the consecutive shifts between three types of intermediary institutions in the European context: Corporatist, Neo-corporatist and Governance institutions. It develops a new conceptual framework for understanding the function and position of intermediary institutions in society, as well as a vocabulary capable of explaining the causes and consequences of these shifts for politics, economy and society at large. The book is designed to fill a gap in three rather distinct, yet also overlapping bodies of literature: European Political Economy, European Integration and governance studies, and socio-legal studies in the European context. Reviews: - Anne Guisset: Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research, 22, 3, 427-429, 2016. - Ian Bruff, Capital & Class, 40, 3, 555 – 57, 2016

Hadronic processes within collective stellar winds

Recently, we have proposed that the interaction between relativistic protons resulting from Fermi first order acceleration in the superbubble of a stellar OB association or in other nearby accelerator and ions residing in single stellar winds of massive stars could lead to TeV sources without strong counterparts at lower energies. Here we refine this analysis in several directions. We study collective wind configurations produced by a number of massive stars, and obtain densities and expansion velocities of the stellar wind gas that is to be target of hadronic interactions. We study the expected $\gamma$-ray emission from these regions, considering in an approximate way the effect of cosmic ray modulation. We compute secondary particle production (electrons from knock-on interactions and electrons and positrons from charged pion decay), and solve the loss equation with ionization, synchrotron, bremsstrahlung, inverse Compton, and expansion losses. We provide examples where configurations can produce sources for GLAST satellite, and the MAGIC/HESS/VERITAS telescopes in non-uniform ways, i.e., with or without the corresponding counterparts. We show that in all cases we studied no EGRET source is expected. Finally, we comment on HESS J1303-631 and on Cygnus OB 2 and Westerlund 1 as two associations where this scenario could be tested.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&

High energy gamma-ray emission from the starburst nucleus of NGC 253

The high density medium that characterizes the central regions of starburst galaxies and its power to accelerate particles up to relativistic energies make these objects good candidates as $\gamma$-rays sources. In this paper, a self-consistent model of the multifrequency emission of the starburst galaxy NGC 253, from radio to gamma-rays, is presented. The model is in agreement with all current measurements and provides predictions for the high energy behavior of the NGC 253 central region. Prospects for observations with the HESS array and GLAST satellite are especially discussed.Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures. To appear in A&A. Modelling parameters and results are unchanged from the previous version but we enhance here the detail with which they are described. 3 new figures and 1 new section have been added, including a figure showing the consistency of the model with the recently reported HESS observations (astro-ph/0507370) of NGC 25

The Evaluation of When English Rings a Bell (Revised Edition): Teachers' Perspectives

This study was done to find out the teachers` opinions regarding the coursebook, When English Rings A Bell (revised edition), in terms of (1) the coursebook`s language content, (2) the presentation of English skills in the coursebook, and (3) the coursebook`s topic, subject content, and social values. The data of this study was the teachers` written and/or oral answers of the questions used as the evaluation guidelines as proposed by Cunningsworth (1995). The teachers stated that (a) the topics, (b) subjects content, and (c) social and cultural values presented in the coursebook were appropriate to the Indonesian people`s way of life by not differentiating in gender. In addition, although the book provided practices for all English skills, the book should include additional material to support them, for instance, recorded material on a cassette for listening practices. The book did not also include all language contents as proposed by Cuningsworth (1995)

High-energy gamma-rays from stellar associations

It is proposed that TeV gamma-rays and neutrinos can be produced by cosmic rays (CRs) through hadronic interactions in the innermost parts of the winds of massive O and B stars. Convection prevents low-energy particles from penetrating into the wind, leading to an absence of MeV-GeV counterparts. It is argued that groups of stars located close to the CR acceleration sites in OB stellar associations may be detectable by ground-based Cherenkov telescopes.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letter

Respiratory muscle training with normocapnic hyperpnea improves ventilatory pattern and thoracoabdominal coordination, and reduces oxygen desaturation during endurance exercise testing in COPD patients

Background: Few data are available about the effects of respiratory muscle training with normocapnic hyperpnea (NH) in COPD. The aim is to evaluate the effects of 4 weeks of NH (Spirotiger®) on ventilatory pattern, exercise capacity, and quality of life (QoL) in COPD patients. Methods: Twenty-six COPD patients (three females), ages 49-82 years, were included in this study. Spirometry and maximal inspiratory pressure, St George Respiratory Questionnaire, 6-minute walk test, and symptom-limited endurance exercise test (endurance test to the limit of tolerance [tLim]) at 75%-80% of peak work rate up to a Borg Score of 8-9/10 were performed before and after NH. Patients were equipped with ambulatory inductive plethysmography (LifeShirt®) to evaluate ventilatory pattern and thoracoabdominal coordination (phase angle [PhA]) during tLim. After four supervised sessions, subjects trained at home for 4 weeks 10 minutes twice a day at 50% of maximal voluntary ventilation. The workload was adjusted during the training period to maintain a Borg Score of 5-6/10. Results: Twenty subjects completed the study. After NH, maximal inspiratory pressure significantly increased (81.5±31.6 vs 91.8±30.6 cmH2O, P<0.01); exercise endurance time (+150 seconds, P=0.04), 6-minute walk test (+30 meters, P=0.03), and QoL (-8, P<0.01) all increased. During tLim, the ventilatory pattern changed significantly (lower ventilation, lower respiratory rate, higher tidal volume); oxygen desaturation, PhA, and dyspnea Borg Score were lower for the same work intensity (P<0.01, P=0.02, and P<0.01, respectively; one-way ANOVA). The improvement in tidal volume and oxygen saturation after NH were significantly related (R2=0.65, P<0.01). Conclusion: As expected, NH improves inspiratory muscle performance, exercise capacity, and QoL. New results are significant change in ventilatory pattern, which improves oxygen saturation, and an improvement in thoracoabdominal coordination (lower PhA). These two facts could explain the reduced dyspnea during the endurance test. All these results together may play a role in improving exercise capacity after NH training

Different landscape factors explain establishment and persistence of river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in agricultural landscapes of southeast Queensland

Riparian and floodplain ecosystems in production landscapes are considerably degraded and under continued pressure from surrounding land use. However, little is known about how remnant ecosystems respond to land use and hydrological factors in small non-riverine wetlands. River red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) is a dominant tree species within these scattered remnants, which provides critical ecological functions for the remaining biodiversity. In this study, we investigated how different life stages of E. camaldulensis responded to land use and hydrological variables in the Condamine catchment of south east Queensland. We used logistic regression to develop models for different life stages of E. camaldulensis in two regions with differing land use intensity histories. Broad regional differences and land use practices at smaller scales best explained differences in E. camaldulensis occurrence for younger life stages, while hydrology (groundwater and connectivity to rivers) and land use practices (dryland agriculture and grazing) best explained differences in older life stages. The results indicate that different factors are important in determining the establishment and persistence of E. camaldulensis and that land use practices at the regional scale are key factors in determining the establishment and potential future persistence of E. camaldulensis in floodplain wetlands

PT-Symmetric Sinusoidal Optical Lattices at the Symmetry-Breaking Threshold

The $PT$ symmetric potential $V_0[\cos(2\pi x/a)+i\lambda\sin(2\pi x/a)]$ has a completely real spectrum for $\lambda\le 1$, and begins to develop complex eigenvalues for $\lambda>1$. At the symmetry-breaking threshold $\lambda=1$ some of the eigenvectors become degenerate, giving rise to a Jordan-block structure for each degenerate eigenvector. In general this is expected to result in a secular growth in the amplitude of the wave. However, it has been shown in a recent paper by Longhi, by numerical simulation and by the use of perturbation theory, that for a broad initial wave packet this growth is suppressed, and instead a saturation leading to a constant maximum amplitude is observed. We revisit this problem by explicitly constructing the Bloch wave-functions and the associated Jordan functions and using the method of stationary states to find the dependence on the longitudinal distance $z$ for a variety of different initial wave packets. This allows us to show in detail how the saturation of the linear growth arises from the close connection between the contributions of the Jordan functions and those of the neighbouring Bloch waves.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures Minor corrections, additional reference

Uses of the Organ Cuts of Meat

Serve internal organs at least once a week, says the nutrition expert. Eat internal organs several times a week, orders the family physician, after pronouncing the patient anemic. Both nutrition expert and physician have foundation for their remarks because these internal organs are high in iron, vitamins and protein

Sprichwörter im Text - ein Stein im Schuh des Übersetzers?

Taking the notion of frame as a base for lexical dexcription, we elaborate a cognitive proverb-model. This model serves as an instrument for the understanding and the translation of proverbs. It makes it possible to trace the proverbs' structural, semantical and pragmatical recurrences in the text. In this paper we show the influence the proverb has on the text and discuss translation problems by means of examples.Partinando da idéia de frame como base para a descrição lexical, elaboramos um modelo cognitivo de provérbios. Este modelo serve de instrumento para a compreensão e tradução de proverbios. Ele permite localizar as suas recorrências estruturais, lexicais, semânticas e pragmáticas no texto. Demonstramos, neste trabalho, a influência do provérbio sobre o texto, e discutimos os cuidados necessários na tradução através de exemplos concretos