European Values Study 2017: Suomen aineisto

Suomen European Values Study 2017 -aineisto on väestötutkimus, joka kartoittaa monipuolisesti suomalaisten moraalisia, uskonnollisia, yhteiskunnallisia ja sosiaalisia asenteita sekä arvoja. Kyselyssä käsitellään muun muassa eri ihmisryhmien välistä tasa-arvoa ja suvaitsevaisuutta sekä uskonnollista käyttäytymistä, demokratiaa ja kansalaisuutta. Kyselyn aluksi vastaajalta tiedustellaan hänelle tärkeimpiä asioita elämässä sekä subjektiivisia kokemuksia onnellisuudestaan ja terveydentilastaan. Seuraavaksi kysytään järjestötoimintaan osallistumisesta ja luottamuksesta sekä ennakkoluuloista eri ihmisryhmien välillä. Tästä seuraa väittämät työnteosta. Vastaajalta tiedustellaan mm. mitkä ovat hänelle tärkeimpiä asioita työssä ja miten suhtautuu työttömyyteen. Seuraavat kysymykset koskevat uskonnollista käyttäytymistä, parisuhdetta ja perhe-elämää. Vastaajalta kysytään uskontokuntiin kuulumisesta ja sisältyykö hänen elämäänsä uskonnollisia tapoja, kuten rukoilua ja kirkossa käyntiä. Edelleen kysytään parisuhteen onnistumiseen vaikuttavista tekijöistä, uskosta avioliittoinstituutioon, sukupuolten välisestä työnjaosta ja tasa-arvosta sekä siitä, mitkä ovat lasten toivottavimpia ominaisuuksia. Seuraavat kysymykset koskevat poliittisia asenteita ja käyttäytymistä, kansanvaltaa ja yhteiskunnan järjestystä. Vastaajalta tiedustellaan osallistumisesta politiikkaan, yksilön ja yhteiskunnan vastuunjaosta, suhtautumisesta vapaisiin markkinoihin ja yhteiskunnan tulevaisuuden kannalta tärkeimmistä asioista. Seuraavaksi vastaajalta kysyttiin luottamuksesta eri yhteiskunnan instituutioihin ja demokratiasta. Esimerkiksi vastaajalta tiedusteltiin, mitkä ovat välttämättömiä demokratian ominaisuuksia ja miten arvioi demokratian toteutumista Suomessa tällä hetkellä. Kyselyn lopussa kysymykset koskevat eri asioiden, kuten prostituution ja kuolemanrangaistuksen hyväksyttävyyttä, alueellista identiteettiä ja sen määrittelemistä, vaalikäyttäytymistä ja suhtautumista maahanmuuttajiin. Vastaajalle esitettiin lopussa myös väitteitä liittyen ympäristöasioihin, viranomaisten oikeuksista kansalaisten tietoihin ja sosiaaliseen vastuunkantoon läheisistä ja tuntemattomista. Aineistossa on runsaasti taustamuuttujia, kuten vastaajan ikä, sukupuoli, siviilisääty, syntymämaa, lasten lukumäärä, koulutus, pääasiallinen toiminta, tulot ja vanhempien koulutukset. Kyselyssä on tietoja myös vastaajan puolisosta.The European Values Study is a population-level study charting Finnish moral views, religious and social attitudes, and values. The 2017 EVS survey focused on equality between groups of people, tolerance, religious behaviour, democracy, and citizenship. First, the respondents were asked what they considered to be the most important things in their lives, and how they perceived their happiness and health. The respondents' participation in association work was also queried as well as trust in and prejudice against different groups of people. Next, the respondents were presented with a set of attitudinal statements concerning work which charted, for instance, the most important aspects of work and views on unemployment. The next questions covered the respondents' religious behaviour, relationships and family life. They were asked whether they belonged to a religious community and whether they had religious habits, such as praying or going to the church. The respondents' views were charted on factors affecting the success of a relationship, work division and equality between genders, and trust in the institution of marriage. They were also asked which characteristics they considered important in a good child. The respondents' political attitudes and behaviour were examined next with questions concerning participation in politics, responsibilities of the individual and of the society, the free market, and the future of society. The respondents' trust in different institutions in society was also charted, and views on the state of democracy were examined. For instance, the respondents were asked what they considered the essential features of democracy and how well democracy functioned in Finland at the time of the survey. Finally, questions charted the respondents' values with questions concerning, for instance, the acceptability of prostitution or death penalty, regional identity and how it is defined, behaviour in elections, and attitudes toward immigrants. The respondents were also presented with attitudinal statements regarding environmental issues, authorities' access to citizens' personal information, social responsibility of relatives, friends and unknown people. Background variables included age, gender, marital status, country where R was born, number of children, education, economic activity, income, and parents' educational background. Background information concerning the respondents' spouses was also collected

European and World Values Surveys Four-Wave Integrated Data File, 1981-2004

This survey is a not up-to-date version and available only for replication purposes (see ´Further Remarks´). Moral, religious, societal, political, work, and family values of citizens in EVS/WVS participating countries. Compilation of the data sets from 1981-1984, 1989-1993, 1994-1999, and 1999-2004. Detailed survey information can be found at the EVS webpage . Furthermore a detailed variable overview is offered at GESIS Online Variable Overview . For WVS an Online Data Analysis System is available.Diese Studie ist nicht mehr aktuell und wird nur noch für Replikationen herausgegeben (siehe ´Weitere Hinweise´). Moralische, religiöse, gesellschaftliche, politische, ökonomische und soziale Wertvorstellungen der Bewohner von an EVS/WVS teilnehmenden Ländern. Zusammenstellung der Datensätze von 1981-1984, 1989-1993, 1994-1999, and 1999-2004. Detaillierte Studieninformationen sind auf der EVS webpage zugänglich . Zudem bietet der Online Variable Overview einen detaillierten Einblick. Für den WVS steht ein Online Data Analysis System für Nutzer zur Verfügung

National Context, Religiosity and Volunteering: Results From 53 Countries

Contains fulltext : 55660.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)To what extent does the national religious context affect volunteering? Does a religious environment affect the relation between religiosity and volunteering? To answer these questions, this study specifies individual level, contextual level, and cross-level interaction hypotheses. The authors test the hypotheses by simultaneously studying the impact of religiosity of individuals, the national religious context, and their interplay on volunteering while controlling for possible confounding factors both at individual and contextual levels. Based on multilevel analyses on data from 53 countries, frequent churchgoers are more active in volunteer work and a devout national context has an additional positive effect. However, the difference between secular and religious people is substantially smaller in devout countries than in secular countries. Church attendance is hardly relevant for volunteering in devout countries. Furthermore, religious volunteering has a strong spillover effect, implying that religious citizens also volunteer more for secular organizations. This spillover effect is stronger for Catholics than for Protestants, non-Christians and nonreligious individuals.20 p

The effect of integration and social democratic welfare states on immigrants’ educational attainment: a multilevel estimate

Through the analysis of 22 European countries and Canada, this article seeks to investigate the assumption that political macro level variables such as welfare state systems and immigration regimes shape the conditions encountered by young immigrants and thus have an impact on their school performance. The results show that native students benefit from social-democratic welfare states and immigration-friendly integration regimes, whereas immigrant students underperform under these types of regimes. Thus, while the finding for native students supports the argument found in the body of literature, claiming that social-democratic welfare states lead to a reduction in inequality and to less stratification, the findings for immigrant students suggest that positive discrimination may under some circumstances lead to a counterproductive result. The argument is tested with a multilevel modelling procedure on three levels (student, school and country) based on different data sources

Does a Protestant work ethic exist? Evidence from the well-being effect of unemployment

<p>Evidence on Weber's original thesis on a Protestant work ethic is ambiguous and relies on questionable measures of work attitudes. We test the relation between Protestantism and work attitudes using a novel method,.operationalizing work ethic as the effect of unemployment on-individuals' subjective well-being. Analyzing a sample of 150,000 individuals from 82 societies, we find strong support for a Protestant work ethic: unemployment hurts Protestants more and hurts more in Protestant societies. Whilst the results shed new light on the Protestant work ethic debate, the method has wider applicability in the analysis of attitudinal differences. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p>

European Values Study, 1981 - EVS'81

P0830b14 A large scale cross-national and continuous survey of moral, religious, political and social values in Western Europe. Religious attitudes, beliefs, practice, affiliation. Moral outlook. Political interest, inclination, participation. Attitudes towards reform, civic institution, means of production. Other political values indicators. Personal values, attitudes towards the family, marriage, divorce, sex. Work values. Perception of the future. Satisfaction ratings, indicators of psychological well-being, health. Range of socio-demographic variables: sex, age, housing tenure and type, terminal education age, household size and composition, marital status, employment status, occupational code for respondent and chief wage earner, workplace details, trade union membership, regional codes, area types, income on a scale. Additional data include: leisure activities, voluntary work, attitudes towards science, war, terrorism, index of internationalism, attitudes towards a shorter working week. Measurement by: personal values scale, moral justification scale, work values scale, work orientation scale, left-right ( political ) scale, political protest scale, materialist-post-materialist scale, greeley spiritual experience battery Constructed variables in P0830B: C81_1 to C81_51 are constructs which can be used to make comparisons with the same constructs in P1217 named C90_1 to C90_51. Topics of constructs: religiosity, church involvement, moral values, conservatism-progressiveness, confidence in institutions, intolerance, materialism-postmaterialism, political involvement, Bradburn's affect balance scale, marriage, family, abortion, education, work. Background variables: basic characteristics/ residence/ income/capital assets/ religion/ readership, mass media, and 'cultural' exposure/ organizational membershi