第1059回千葉医学会例会・第2回呼吸器内科例会(第16回呼吸器内科同門会)

Additional file 4. Diseases prevention and control provided and medical services availabilities in different villages and camps

Table1.docx

<p>Landscape genetics aims to quantify the effect of landscape on gene flow. Broadly, the approach involves measuring genetic variation, quantifying landscape heterogeneity, and statistically testing the link between both genetic variation and landscape heterogeneity. This approach has been widely used by conservation biologists, for example to identify barriers restricting movement in threatened populations. More recently, landscape genetics has been used to study the epidemiology of infectious diseases, such as chronic wasting disease, raccoon rabies, and malaria. This method can be useful in identifying potential hotspot areas of disease movement for targeted public health interventions and containment of disease and drug resistance. However, vector-borne disease epidemiology is particularly complex, as it is affected by the movement of both the vector and human or vertebrate host. This feature could potentially inhibit the ability to detect the effect of landscape on gene flow, since the ecology of vectors and hosts are likely different and potentially conflicting. Here, we provide a summary of the latest innovations in the field of landscape genetics with a focus on those that could help increase the power to detect landscape effects in vector-borne human disease studies. We also provide a recommended framework for studying vector-borne diseases using a landscape genetics approach. Landscape genetics has the potential to be a powerful tool for the field of vector-borne disease epidemiology but has so far been underutilized. The provided synthesis of tools and considerations for conducting a landscape genetics study of a vector-borne disease aim to bridge the gap between the two disciplines.</p

Boxplots showing the amount of parasite DNA detected by SYBR quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) analysis of subset samples that were diagnosed as positive by conventional PCR.

<p>Comparison of parasite DNA quantity was made between (1) microscopy positive and negative samples; and (2) lowland and highland samples. Numbers above bars indicate number of individuals included. The central box represents the interquartile range and the whiskers represent the first quartile and the fourth quartile of the data. The median is shown as a lien through the center of the box and the ends of the whiskers correspond to the minimum and maximum in the data.</p

Boxplots comparing (A) prevalence rate detected by microscopy and conventional PCR methods for all sites as well as the lowland and highland sites separately.

<p>Numbers above bars indicate number of sites included. Asterisks indicate level of significance; (B) parasitemia level and parasite DNA quantity obtained by microscopy and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), respectively, between lowland and highland samples. Numbers above bars indicate number of individuals included. The central box represents the interquartile range and the whiskers represent the first quartile and the fourth quartile of the data. The median is shown as a lien through the center of the box and the ends of the whiskers correspond to the minimum and maximum in the data.</p

Malaria prevalence of studied sites in western Kenya based on (A) microscopy and (B) conventional PCR.

<p>Locality information can be referred to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0121763#pone.0121763.s001" target="_blank">S1 Table</a>. Areas of elevation below 1500 m were indicated by light gray and above 1500 m by dark gray. Black, blue, and red circles represent sites of low (<5%), moderate (5–25%), and high (>25%) malaria prevalence.</p

Comparison of detective power between microscopy and conventional PCR (microsatellite <i>PFPK</i>2 assay) of all blood samples.

<p>PCR was used as gold standard for diagnostic measures.</p

Scatter plot matrix showing correlation of estimates of parasite density obtained by microscopy and parasite DNA quantity by SYBR quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) analysis of blood samples.

<p>Pearson’s product moment (r) correlation coefficients were indicated.</p

Additional file 1 of Genetic differentiation of Plasmodium vivax duffy binding protein in Ethiopia and comparison with other geographical isolates

Additional file 1: Figure S1. A Conting view of consensus sequence coverage of Ethiopian isolates against the referance sequence. B Consensus sequence coverage of Global isolates (223 sequences and referance)

MOESM1 of Impact of interventions on malaria in internally displaced persons along the China–Myanmar border: 2011–2014

Additional file 1. Number of household and total population in study villages/camps in August 2012

History of the parish of Liběchov in the years 1837-1877

ANGLICKÁ ANOTACE HISTORY OF THE PARISH IN LIBĚCHOV IN THE YEARS 1837 - 1877 The task of this presented thesis is to describe the history of the parish in Liběchov in years 1837 - 1877. This period of fourty years is limited with the coming, work and death of parish rector P. Filip Čermák. Dean Čermák, whose memory belongs integraly to the history of this parish is undestood as the revivalist. There are two main moments which formed the life of this parish. The first of it is the entrance of the Veith kin as landlords of Liběchov earldom. The second one is the coming of unselfish priest Filip Čermák to Liběchov parish. Both the kin of Veiths and rector Čermák played a role of very special and highly gifted persons. In their revivalist efforts they tried to support the local community and since the beggining they created a real team of mutual cooperation of the rector and parish benefactor. The improvement of life quality of local population and even pleasureable betterment of local environment, determined by romantic sentiment of boths were results of their efforts. There appeared also antoher personalities in this time of the peak of the national renascence. They influenced our cultural history and acted as patriots. We can find and document proofs on economic welfare development and great endeavour to..