Performances Zootechniques, Économiques et Qualité Physique des Œufs Des Poules Soumises À des Régimes Alimentaires Apportant Différentes Concentrations De Tourteau D’amandes de Noix de Cajou (Côte d'Ivoire)

Cette étude vise à proposer la valorisation des tourteaux de noix de cajou comme source de protéines dans l’alimentation des volailles. Pour ce faire, les paramètres zootechniques, les caractéristiques physiques de l’œuf et la rentabilité financière de la conduite des poules ont été évalués. Le tourteau d’amandes de noix de cajou a été incorporé dans des rations alimentaires équilibrées de 96 poules pondeuses à raison de 0%, 10%, 15% et 20%, respectivement pour les régimes codés Rt (témoin), R10, R15 et R20. L’expérimentation a été menée sur huit (8) semaines au cours desquelles chaque poule a reçu quotidiennement en moyenne 125 g de nourriture. Les résultats indiquent que l’incorporation du tourteau d’amandes de noix de cajou dans les régimes induit une diminution du taux moyen de ponte, une légère dégradation du poids de la coquille et de la coloration du jaune de l’œuf. Cependant, il entraine une augmentation significative du gain moyen quotidien des poules et une meilleure rentabilité financière. La consommation alimentaire, l’indice de consommation, les poids moyens de l’œuf, du jaune de l’œuf, du blanc de l’œuf et la composition globale de l’œuf n’ont pas été affectés par l’incorporation du tourteau d’amandes de noix de cajou dans les régimes alimentaires. Les résultats de cette étude révèlent que les tourteaux d’amandes de noix de cajou peuvent être incorporés jusqu’à 20 % dans les régimes alimentaires des poules pondeuses sans compromettre le taux de ponte, les caractéristiques physiques de l’œuf et la rentabilité financière de la conduite des poules. Les tourteaux d’amandes de noix de cajou semblent être une alternative légitime des tourteaux de soja et du maïs dans l'alimentation des volailles. This study aims to propose the promotion of cashew meal as a source of protein in poultry feed. To do this, the zootechnical parameters, the physical characteristics of the egg and the financial profitability of the management of the hens were evaluated. The cashew nut meal was incorporated into balanced feed rations of 96 laying hens at 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively for the coded diets Rt (control), R10, R15 and R20. The experiment was carried out over eight (8) weeks during which each hen received an average of 125 g of food daily. The results indicate that the incorporation of the cashew nut kernel meal in the diets induces a reduction in the average rate of spawning, a slight deterioration in the weight of the shell and the coloration of the yolk of the egg. However, it results in a significant increase in the average daily gain of the hens and better financial profitability. Food consumption, consumption index, average egg weights, egg yolk, egg white, and overall egg composition were not affected by the incorporation of cashew nut kernel meal into diets. The results of this study reveal that cashew nut can be incorporated up to 20% into the diets of laying hens without compromising the egg-laying rate, the physical characteristics of the egg and the financial profitability of the management of hens. The cashew almond meal could to be a legitimate alternative to soybean meal and corn in the poultry feed

Faecal Short-chain Fatty Acid and Early Introduction of Foods in the First 200 Days of Infant’s Life in the District of Abidjan (Ivory Coast)

Dosage of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) according to food diet showed that the content of acetate was high in newborn feaces. Infants receiving food supplements have a complex and diverse gut microbiota. Moreover, the results show that infants from poor districts have an abundant concentration of SCFAs in their faeces compared to those living in places with a relatively high standard of living. Among infants receiving milk, the highest proportion of SCFA is acetate in breastfed infants (BF) at a rate of 15.025 ± 2.23 μmol/g, followed by propionate in infants receiving mixed feeding (BF+FF), at a rate of 13.58 ± 1.03 μmol/g and butyrate in infants taking mixed feeding at a rate of 0.32 ± 0.72 μmol/g. However, among infants starting early diet diversification, acetate is higher in infants receiving milk formula and diet diversification (FF+FD) with a concentration of 25.4 ± 0 μmol/g, followed by propionate (2.36 ± 0 μmol/g) in infants receiving mixed feeding (BF+FF) and butyrate in those fed with (BF+FD). Partial breastfeeding is associated with a higher proportion of acetate, butyrate and propionate. The study of the correlation between the different SCFAs produced and the ASV (Variants of Microbial Amplicon Sequences) of the intestinal community of the child, shows that acetate is positively correlated with Bifidobacterium and negatively with Streptococcus and Escherichia-Shigella. Propionate is positively correlated with Bifido bacterium and negatively with Escherichia-Shigella. Similarly, butyrate is positively correlated with Bifidobacterium and negatively with Escherichia-Shigella