9 research outputs found
Prótesis de hombro tras fractura de húmero proximal: indicaciones, técnica quirúrgica y resultados
Las fracturas de húmero proximal suponen el 5% de todas las fracturas. La mayorÃa pueden ser tratadas
de forma conservadora, sin embargo, el manejo de las fracturas desplazadas o complejas resulta controvertido.
La hemiartroplastia está indicada en fracturas en tres y cuatro fragmentos de húmero proximal en ancianos
con baja densidad ósea y en aquellas fracturas no susceptibles de tratamiento con osteosÃntesis. Proporciona un
buen control del dolor tras la fractura, sin embargo, los resultados funcionales son pobres si no se consigue una
reparación anatómica de las tuberosidades. Respecto a la hemiartroplastia, la prótesis total inversa de hombro
obtiene resultados funcionales más predecibles en términos de abducción, elevación anterior y alivio del dolor,
sin embargo, presenta una tasa de complicaciones elevada y sus resultados a largo plazo son desconocidos.Proximal humeral fractures account for 5% of all fractures. Although the majority can be managed
non-operatively, the optimal treatment of displaced or complex fractures remains controversial. Hemiarthroplasty
is indicated for three and four-part proximal humeral fractures in elderly patients with poor bone stock and
fractures in which internal fixation is difficult or unreliable. Hemiarthroplasty provides patients with reliable pain
relief. However, funtional results are poor if anatomical repair of the tuberosities is not achieved. Reverse total
shoulder prosthesis provides more predictable functional outcomes in terms of abduction, anterior elevation and
pain relief, but has a high rate of complications and its long-term results are unknow
Luxaciones de rodilla: revisión de 11 casos
La luxación de rodilla es una entidad poco frecuente. El tratamiento incorrecto de esta lesión conlleva graves consecuencias cuando existen lesiones vasculares que amenazan la supervivencia de la extremidad
afecta.
Objetivo
. analizar el manejo en urgencias, tratamiento definitivo, complicaciones y resultados funcionales
en los pacientes diagnosticados de luxación de rodilla.
Material y Métodos
. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo
de 11 pacientes tratados en nuestro centro con diagnostico de luxación de rodilla entre junio del 2007 y febrero
del 2013. Empleamos el Lysholm Score en la evaluación clÃnica.
Resultados
. En 8 de los 11 pacientes el tratamiento fue de manera conservadora. En los 3 pacientes intervenidos se optó por una reconstrucción del ligamento
cruzado anterior mediante plastia HTH. Los pacientes intervenidos obtuvieron mejor resultado funcional en relación con los no operados (91 puntos frente a 58).
Conclusiones
. Es fundamental conocer los principios básicos
de actuación y tratamiento debido a las complicaciones potenciales que asocia.Knee dislocation is a rare entity. Improper treatment of this injury has serious consequences when
vascular lesions that threaten the survival of the affected limb occur.
Objective
. To analyse the handling emergencies, definitive treatment, complications and functional outcomes in patients diagnosed with knee dislocation.
Materials and methods
. A retrospective study of 11 patients admitted to our hospital from June 2007 to February
2013 diagnosed with knee dislocation was performed. Clinical evaluation was carried out using the Lysholm
score.
Results
. Eight out of the 11 patients were treated conservatively. Surgical reconstruction of the anterior
cruciate ligament plasty with HTH technique was used in three patients. Surgically-treated patients had better
functional outcome compared to the non-operated (91 points versus 58).
Conclusions
. It is essential to know the
basic principles of actuation and treatment because of the potential complications associate
Tratamiento del choque femoroacetabular mediante miniabordaje anterior. Resultados a corto plazo
El tratamiento quirúrgico del choque femoroacetabular (CFA) es un práctica clÃnica cada vez más frecuente en nuestra especialidad. Objetivo. Analizar los resultados clÃnicos y radiológicos de una primera serie de pacientes diagnosticados de CFA intervenidos mediante miniabordaje anterior. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo de 30 pacientes con una edad media de 36,2 años y un seguimiento mÃnimo de 12 meses. La valoración clÃnica se ha realizado mediante las escalas SF-36, WOMAC y NAHS. Evaluamos la corrección radiológica de la deformidad y la progresión o no del grado de coxartrosis. Resultados. Se obtuvo una corrección adecuada de la deformidad en el 93% de los casos, 27 de los 30 pacientes presentaron una mejorÃa clÃnica significativa en los test realizados. La complicación más frecuente fue la meralgia parestésica del femorocutáneo (5 casos), 1 paciente precisó de sustitución protésica por evolución del grado de coxartrosis. Conclusiones. El tratamiento del CFA mediante mini abordaje anterior es un procedimiento seguro y reproducible. Permite la corrección de las anormalidades anatómicas y la obtención de resultados clÃnicos satisfactorios en una cohorte de pacientes jóvenes.Surgical treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is an increasingly common clinical practice in our speciality. Aim. To analyze the clinical and radiological results of a first series of patients diagnosed with a FAI treated with anterior mini-open approach. Material and methods. Prospective study of 30 patients with a mean age of 36.2 years with a minimum follow-up of 12 months was made. Clinical assessment was performed using the SF-36, WOMAC and NAHS scales. We evaluate the correction of the radiologic deformity and progression of the osteoarthritis grade. Results. An adequate correction of the deformity in 93% of cases was obtained, 27 of the 30 patients showed significant clinical improvement in all tests performed. The most common complication was meralgia paresthesia of the femoro-cutaneous nerve (5 cases), 1 patient required prosthetic replacement for progression of the osteoarthritis grade. Conclusions. FAI treatment by mini-open approach is a safe and reproducible procedure. This technique allows correction of anatomical abnormalities and obtains satisfactory clinical outcomes in a cohort of young patients
Prótesis de pirocarbono en fracturas complejas de cabeza de radio.
Presentamos los resultados de un estudio observacional retrospectivo sobre 23 casos de fracturas
complejas de cabeza de radio tratadas mediante la implantación de una prótesis cabeza radio de pircocarbono (Mo
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Pyc). La distribución por sexos fue 10 hombres y 13 mujeres, y la edad media de 54 años. El seguimiento medio fue
de 70 meses (48-93 meses). La principal causa fue una fractura de cabeza de radio no reconstruible con inestabilidad
asociada de codo. La evaluación clÃnica se realizó con la Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Radiográficamen
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te se valoró la congruencia articular, el tamaño de la prótesis, la radiolucencia periprotésica, la osificación heterotópica
y la osteoartritis. Al final del seguimiento la media de la escale MEPS fue 82/100, con 84 % resultados de excelentes
y buenos. La flexión media fue de 130º, extensión -30º, pronación 76º y supinación 77º. La estabilidad del codo
fue buena en todos los casos y no observamos migración proximal del radio. Observamos radiolucencia alrededor
del vástago en 5 pacientes, pero sin aparente repercusión clÃnica. Las complicaciones fueron una paresia del nervio
interóseo posterior con recuperación funcional al cabo de 11 semanas, 2 pacientes presentaron "overstuffing" con
subluxación posterior asociada que necesitó realizar exéresis de la cabeza y una osificación heterotópica con repercu
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sión sobre el balance articular que necesitó 2 cirugÃas, todos ellos con resultados clÃnicos aceptables. Los resultados
son alentadores.The authors present the results of a retrospective observational study of 23 cases of a complex radial
head fractures treated by pyrocarbon radial head prosthesis (MoPyc). This modular radial head prosthesis is compo
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sed of a cementless titanium stem and a 15º angulated neck. The gender distribution was 10 men and 13 women, ave
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rage age 54 years. The mean follow-up was 70 months (48-93 months). The main etiology was a radial head fracture
with elbow instability. Clinical evaluation was performed using the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS). Was
assessed radiographically joint congruity, the size of the prosthesis, periprosthetic radiolucency, heterotopic ossifica
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tion and osteoarthritis. At follow-up, the MEPS average was 82/100, with 84% of good and excellent results. Elbow
flexion averaged 130º, extension -30º, pronation 76º and supination 77º. Elbow stability was good in all the cases, and
no proximal migration of the radius occurred. Asymptomatic bone lucencies were found in five cases around the
stem. Complications included paresis of the posterior interosseous nerve with functional recovery after 11 weeks, 2
patients had "overstuffing" associated with posterior subluxation and they need to perform excision of the head and
one heterotopic ossification with articular impact on balance that needs two surgeries, all of them with acceptable
clinical results. The preliminary results are encouragin
Vástagos monobloque de recubrimiento completo en cirugÃa de revisión femoral. Resultados a largo plazo de 80 casos.
Bone stock lost and anatomical changes in the proximal femur make femoral revision surgery a complex procedure where the implant chooses will be essential. With the aim of evaluating the clinical and radiological results of the fully coated monoblock stems, we retrospectively studied 80 consecutive cases of femoral revision surgery operated by our hip team. The mean follow-up was 8.6 years. The average score on the Harris Hip Score was 81,2 points. We achieved better results in patients with less bone defects (Paprosky I, II and IIIA) in contrast to those with Paprosky type IIIB defects (p=0.005), in patients with a single previous surgery (p=0.031), in patients under 65 years (p=0.009) and in those who did not suffer complications (p=0.024). The survival rate was 96.1% at 10 years if we consider as failure the removal of the stem due to aseptic loosening and 89.9% if we consider revision of the stem as a failure due to any cause. After the results obtained, we think that fully coated stems provide a solid and stable fixation in femoral revision surgery. However, worst results obtained in patients with bigger bone defects make other options to be considered
Choque extraarticular de cadera secundario a consolidación viciosa tras fractura-avulsión de la espina ilÃaca antero inferior : a propósito de un caso
The anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) avulsion fractures are uncommon, caused by a sudden contraction of the rectus femoris muscle with hyperextension of the hip and knee flexion. We present the clinical case of a 32-year-old mansuffering from pain in his right hip for several years with a history of a AIIS avulsion fracture in his childhood. He presented pain with flexion and internal rotation of the right hip. Physical examination and imaging tests revealed an extra-articular hip impingement secondary to a malunited fracture of AIIS. The patient underwent surgery performing AIIS osteoplasty and excision of the ossification by an anterior mini-open approach. After surgery he was able to re-join sports activity. Malunited fracture of AIIS can cause an extra-articular hip impingement in young sports patients. The treatment by surgical excision of the hypertrophic spine through an anterior mini-open approach allows the correction of the deformity and an early reincorporation to sports activities
Infección protésica de cadera : recambio en dos tiempos en una serie de 50 casos
Chronic infection in hip replacement is an important complication with a complex treatment, that is solved by adequate antibiotic therapy together with single-stage exchange or two-stage exchange. We present a descriptiveand retrospective study of a series of 50 consecutive patients operated on in our center with a diagnosis of chronic infection of the hip prosthesis between 2007 and 2018 with a two-stage exchange.At a mean follow-up of 52 months, the overall implant survival was 89%, with a 91% infection cure rate. The most frequent microorganism isolated was Staphylococcus epidermidis. The mean score achieved on the HHS was 82,4 points and 1.67 points on the visual analogue scale. We obtained better functional results (p=0,021) in those patients who had a preformed antibiotic-loaded spacer in the first surgical stage.As complications, we recorded four cases of prosthetic reinfection (8,7%), three cases of dislocation (6,5%), and one case of postsurgical hematoma (4,6%).No case of neurovascular injury or component loosening was recorded.According to the showed results, we consider that two-stage revision procedure, although it is a demanding surgery, is an effective method for the treatment of periprosthetic hip infection, with high implant survival and erradication of the infection