Resposta de cultivares de algodão ao boro em solução nutritiva

Em lavouras de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum) que receberam calagem, é comum o aparecimento de deficiência de B. Há recomendações de adubação boratada, baseadas nas respostas da variedade IAC 20, que não é mais cultivada. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a resposta dos cultivares CNPA-ITA 90 (Deltapine) e IAC 22 ao B, comparadas à IAC 20. Plantas de algodão foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva contendo 0, 7, 14, 21 e 28 mmol L-1 de B. As plantas do tratamento sem boro foram descartadas por não apresentarem crescimento suficiente para análise. Foi analisada a produção de matéria seca e absorção de B. As três variedades apresentaram resposta semelhante aos níveis de B da solução, tanto em termos de produção de matéria seca, como em número de estruturas reprodutivas e teor de B nos tecidos. O nível de 21 mmol L-1 de B foi suficiente para a máxima produtividade para as três variedades, correspondendo a teores foliares (3as e 4as folhas a partir do ápice, na época do florescimento) de 16 mg kg-1

Genetic parameters for type traits in Holstein cows in Brazil

Data from 26,558 Holstein cows in 802 herds were used to estimate genetic, residual and phenotypic parameters for 22 type traits. The model included the fixed effects of herd-year, period of classification, classifier, stage of lactation and age of cows at calving (covariate) and random genetic and residual effects. Heritability for type traits ranged from 0.10 to 0.39. The genetic variability in these traits suggested the possibility for moderate genetic gains through selection. The phenotypic correlations were moderated, mainly in the section conformation. Genetic correlations between type traits ranged from -0.44 to 0.85. High genetic correlations indicated that breeding programs could be successful without including all type traits. The selection for the final score at the expense of other traits must be performed with restraint, because in the long term, this may promote undesirable changes in some type traits

Mapeamento das áreas de cana-de-açúcar na região norte fluminense - RJ por uso de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto Mapping of sugarcane areas in the north fluminense region, RJ using remote sensing techniques

Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a dinâmica da ocupação do uso do solo cultivado com a cultura da cana-de-açúcar nos seis principais municípios produtores da região Norte Fluminense - RJ, entre o período de 1984 a 2007. Foram utilizadas 18 imagens do sensor TM-Landsat, técnicas de interpretação visual e de Modelo Linear de Mistura Espectral (MLME), para gerar mapas temáticos das áreas ocupadas com a cultura. Com base nesses mapas, foi possível analisar a espacialização das áreas de cana e quantificá-las em cada município. Dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que, entre os anos de 2004 a 2007, ocorreu um decremento total na área ocupada com a cultura, em 43.308,33 ha. A partir do ano de 2000 até 2007, houve um incremento de 24.422,72 ha, principalmente nos municípios de Campos dos Goytacazes, São Francisco de Itabapoana e Cardoso Moreira. Os resultados indicam que o uso do MLME permitiu um mapeamento mais exato das áreas ocupadas com cana-de-açúcar.<br>This study aimed to evaluate sugarcane growth dynamics occupation in land cultivated at six major cities of the North Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, from 1984 to 2007. Eighteen images of Landsat TM sensor, visual interpretation and linear spectral mixing model (MLME) were used to generate thematic maps of sugar cane plantation spatial distribution and quantification. Based on these maps was possible to analyze the sugarcane field spatial distribution quantifying them in each municipality. The results indicated that between the years 2004 to 2007, there was a decrement in the total area occupied by the culture in 43,308.33 ha and, from 2000 to 2007 and increase of 24,422.72 ha, mainly in the Campos dos Goytacazes, São Francisco de Itabapoana and Cardoso Moreira municipalities. The MLME used allowed a real live mapping of the sugarcane areas

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora