6 research outputs found
Valorisation de biocides dâinvertĂ©brĂ©s marins mĂ©diterranĂ©ens
This PhD work focuses on the chemical study of marine species sampled in the Mediterranean Sea. As part of the VALBIM project, cofinanced by the region PACA and in close collaboration with the SME BioPreserv in Grasse but also with the Mycoteca Universitatis Taurinensis (MUT) of the University of Turin, we have isolated and characterized 21 molecules in total.14 of them were never reported before. The study of the seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia led to caulerpenyne and four new sulphated pyruvic acid derivatives. The work on the ascidian Polysyncraton sp. led to bolascidins A-D, four new metabolites which belong to the bolaamphiphile family, which, to the best of our knowledge, have no natural or synthetic equivalent. The first chemical study of the sponge Hexadella racovitzai led to two bromotyrosine derivatives, psammapline A and a new molecule, 4-O-sulfatocyclobispsammapline A. In addition, three new C1 crambescins, together with one crambescine A2 already reported, have been isolated from Crambe crambe. For all isolated marine invertebrate metabolites, the producer(s) remain(s) to be explored. The study of the marine fungus Stachybotrys chartarum, isolated from the sponge Aplysina cavernicola, led to satratoxin H and three stachybotrylactam derivatives already reported in the literature, and to 2,3-dihydrosatratoxin H and epi-chartarutine G, two new natural products. The different metabolites were evaluated for their antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. This work benefited from new analytical approaches (calculations of electronic circular dichroĂŻsm spectra by TDDFT, molecular networking) and reinforced the interest of studies related to chemical ecology and search for new bioactive molecules to be valorized in different areas.Ces travaux de thĂšse portent sur lâĂ©tude chimique dâespĂšces marines Ă©chantillonnĂ©es en MĂ©diterranĂ©e. Dans le cadre du projet VALBIM, co-financĂ© par la rĂ©gion PACA et en Ă©troite collaboration avec la sociĂ©tĂ© BioPreserv Ă Grasse mais Ă©galement avec la Mycoteca Universitatis Taurinensis (MUT) de lâUniversitĂ© de Turin, nous avons isolĂ© et caractĂ©risĂ© 21 molĂ©cules dont 14 se sont avĂ©rĂ©es nouvelles. LâĂ©tude de lâalgue Caulerpa taxifolia a conduit Ă la caulerpĂ©nyne et Ă quatre nouveaux dĂ©rivĂ©s de lâacide pyruvique sulfatĂ©s. Les travaux sur lâascidie Polysyncraton sp. ont conduit aux bolascidines A-D, quatre nouveaux mĂ©tabolites de type bolaamphiphiles dont il nâexiste pas Ă notre connaissance dâĂ©quivalent naturel ou synthĂ©tique. La premiĂšre Ă©tude chimique de lâĂ©ponge Hexadella racovitzai a conduit Ă deux dĂ©rivĂ©s de la bromotyrosine, la psammapline A et une nouvelle molĂ©cule, la 4-Osulfatocyclobispsammapline A. Par ailleurs, trois nouvelles crambescines C1, conjointement avec une crambescine A2 dĂ©jĂ rĂ©pertoriĂ©e, ont Ă©tĂ© isolĂ©es de Crambe crambe. LâĂ©tude du champignon marin Stachybotrys chartarum, isolĂ© de lâĂ©ponge Aplysina cavernicola, a conduit Ă la satratoxine H et Ă deux nouveau dĂ©rivĂ©, la 2,3-dihydrosatratoxine H et lâĂ©pi-chartarutine G, ainsi quâĂ trois dĂ©rivĂ©s stachybotrylactame dĂ©jĂ rĂ©pertoriĂ©s dans la bibliographie. Les diffĂ©rents mĂ©tabolites ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©s pour leurs propriĂ©tĂ©s antibactĂ©riennes et cytotoxiques. Ces travaux ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© de nouvelles approches analytiques (calculs des spectres de dichroĂŻsme circulaire Ă©lectroniques par TDDFT, rĂ©seaux molĂ©culaires) permettant de renforcer lâintĂ©rĂȘt des Ă©tudes liĂ©es Ă lâĂ©cologie chimique et Ă la recherche de nouvelles molĂ©cules bioactives potentiellement valorisables dans diffĂ©rents domaines
Secondary metabolites from Mediterranean marine invertebrates
Ces travaux de thĂšse portent sur lâĂ©tude chimique dâespĂšces marines Ă©chantillonnĂ©es en MĂ©diterranĂ©e. Dans le cadre du projet VALBIM, co-financĂ© par la rĂ©gion PACA et en Ă©troite collaboration avec la sociĂ©tĂ© BioPreserv Ă Grasse mais Ă©galement avec la Mycoteca Universitatis Taurinensis (MUT) de lâUniversitĂ© de Turin, nous avons isolĂ© et caractĂ©risĂ© 21 molĂ©cules dont 14 se sont avĂ©rĂ©es nouvelles. LâĂ©tude de lâalgue Caulerpa taxifolia a conduit Ă la caulerpĂ©nyne et Ă quatre nouveaux dĂ©rivĂ©s de lâacide pyruvique sulfatĂ©s. Les travaux sur lâascidie Polysyncraton sp. ont conduit aux bolascidines A-D, quatre nouveaux mĂ©tabolites de type bolaamphiphiles dont il nâexiste pas Ă notre connaissance dâĂ©quivalent naturel ou synthĂ©tique. La premiĂšre Ă©tude chimique de lâĂ©ponge Hexadella racovitzai a conduit Ă deux dĂ©rivĂ©s de la bromotyrosine, la psammapline A et une nouvelle molĂ©cule, la 4-Osulfatocyclobispsammapline A. Par ailleurs, trois nouvelles crambescines C1, conjointement avec une crambescine A2 dĂ©jĂ rĂ©pertoriĂ©e, ont Ă©tĂ© isolĂ©es de Crambe crambe. LâĂ©tude du champignon marin Stachybotrys chartarum, isolĂ© de lâĂ©ponge Aplysina cavernicola, a conduit Ă la satratoxine H et Ă deux nouveau dĂ©rivĂ©, la 2,3-dihydrosatratoxine H et lâĂ©pi-chartarutine G, ainsi quâĂ trois dĂ©rivĂ©s stachybotrylactame dĂ©jĂ rĂ©pertoriĂ©s dans la bibliographie. Les diffĂ©rents mĂ©tabolites ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©s pour leurs propriĂ©tĂ©s antibactĂ©riennes et cytotoxiques. Ces travaux ont bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© de nouvelles approches analytiques (calculs des spectres de dichroĂŻsme circulaire Ă©lectroniques par TDDFT, rĂ©seaux molĂ©culaires) permettant de renforcer lâintĂ©rĂȘt des Ă©tudes liĂ©es Ă lâĂ©cologie chimique et Ă la recherche de nouvelles molĂ©cules bioactives potentiellement valorisables dans diffĂ©rents domaines.This PhD work focuses on the chemical study of marine species sampled in the Mediterranean Sea. As part of the VALBIM project, cofinanced by the region PACA and in close collaboration with the SME BioPreserv in Grasse but also with the Mycoteca Universitatis Taurinensis (MUT) of the University of Turin, we have isolated and characterized 21 molecules in total.14 of them were never reported before. The study of the seaweed Caulerpa taxifolia led to caulerpenyne and four new sulphated pyruvic acid derivatives. The work on the ascidian Polysyncraton sp. led to bolascidins A-D, four new metabolites which belong to the bolaamphiphile family, which, to the best of our knowledge, have no natural or synthetic equivalent. The first chemical study of the sponge Hexadella racovitzai led to two bromotyrosine derivatives, psammapline A and a new molecule, 4-O-sulfatocyclobispsammapline A. In addition, three new C1 crambescins, together with one crambescine A2 already reported, have been isolated from Crambe crambe. For all isolated marine invertebrate metabolites, the producer(s) remain(s) to be explored. The study of the marine fungus Stachybotrys chartarum, isolated from the sponge Aplysina cavernicola, led to satratoxin H and three stachybotrylactam derivatives already reported in the literature, and to 2,3-dihydrosatratoxin H and epi-chartarutine G, two new natural products. The different metabolites were evaluated for their antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. This work benefited from new analytical approaches (calculations of electronic circular dichroĂŻsm spectra by TDDFT, molecular networking) and reinforced the interest of studies related to chemical ecology and search for new bioactive molecules to be valorized in different areas
The culturable mycobiota associated with the Mediterranean sponges Aplysina cavernicola, Crambe crambe and Phorbas tenacior
Marine fungi are part of the huge and understudied biodiversity hosted in the sea. To broaden the knowledge on fungi inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea and their role in sponge holobiont, three sponges namely Aplysina cavernicola, Crambe crambe and Phorbas tenacior were collected in Villefranche sur Mer, (France) at about 25 m depth. The fungal communities associated with the sponges were isolated using different techniques to increase the numbers of fungi isolated. All fungi were identified to species level giving rise to 19, 13 and 3 species for P. tenacior, A. cavernicola and C. crambe, respectively. Of note, 35.7% and 50.0% of the species detected were either reported for the first time in the marine environment or in association with sponges. The mini-satellite analysis confirmed the uniqueness of the mycobiota of each sponge, leading to think that the sponge, with its metabolome, may shape the microbial community