An advanced traceability schema as a baseline to improve supporting lifecycle processes

Traceability is recognized as essential for supporting software development. However, a number of traceability issues are still open, such as link semantics formalization or standards for traceability process models. One widely accepted approach to implement traceability practices is the use of methodologies. But the information related to organization, stakeholders, product size, and quality requirements may change from one project to another. As a consequence, traceability information may differ as well. One common way to cope with this fact is the use of metamodels to underpin methodologies. However, current traceability metamodels still have serious limitations. Concerning methodologies in general, three hierarchical layered levels have been identified: metamodel, methodology and project. Current metamodels do not often properly support this architecture, and that results in semantic problems at the time of specifying the methodology. Most of the traceability metamodeling approaches simply provide a predefined set of concepts represented with classes, with no extension mechanisms. For instance, approaches provide extensive predefined sets of traceability items applicable on every project, while the project attributes are domain specific and sometimes even project specific. Therefore, the customization of a methodology for a specific project is often unsatisfactory. This thesis introduces two complementary modeling principles to overcome these limitations, which are: the metamodeling three layer hierarchy and the power-type patterns modeling principle [61, 73]. Mechanisms to extend and refine traceability metamodels are inherent to these principles. The thesis states that, when methodologies are developed from metamodels based on these two principles, the result is a methodology well fitted to project features. Links semantics are also improved. This thesis justifies that to approach the project specificity issue traceability metamodels must include a basic set of items. This set of basic items includes the concepts and the traceability structures designed to be extended according to the project features. For this, the proper modeling tools are strongly required: the metamodeling principles to support typing and extensibility, together with a general and extensible integration of traceability to the software process. This second issue is obtained from the use of the standard ISO/IEC 24744:2007 [79]. This thesis explains how to use these tools in practice to define a traceability metamodel named TmM (Traceability metamodel) model. TmM is applied in two case studies in which non-conventional work products and development methodology have to be considered as part of the traceability information. In the first case study, TmM has been instantiated to create the traceability methodology to support the hardware unit testing technique. In the second case study TmM is used to support specific traceability requirements originated in agile methods

The Need for a Unifying Traceability Scheme

The benefits of traceability are widely accepted nowadays, however, several issues still make it difficult a wide-scale adoption of traceability in the software engineering practice. There is a lack of a commonly accepted traceability definition further than the term definition, a standard way of specifying traceability among items, and a traceability type classification; besides, conflicts among a number of approaches exist. As a result traceability-schemes implementation in tools lacks of generality and exchangeability. Round trip engineering therefore cannot be well enough supported. The motivation behind is aligned with that of PIM within the MDA initiative. This paper analyzes several current traceability schemes, in order to obtain relevant features and identify overlaps and inconsistencies among the approaches. Then, and based on the analysis, it provides an initial approach for a Traceability Specification Scheme. This scheme is expected to facilitate traceability specification for a given project, to improve the traceability management, and help to automate some traces management processes

A review of component interaction approaches from the testing perspective

Complex systems are usually made of heterogeneous components, either hardware or software or both. Component interactions, mostly those unexpected, are a source of conflict, since one of the main concerns for system reliability and predictability is precisely this component interaction. This paper reviews a number of approaches, produced over an eight year period, to component interaction focussing on component interaction modelling, testing and testing coverage. Other topics such as component interaction observation and pure monitoring/visualization of component interactions are outlined

Tackling Traceability Challenges through Modeling Principles in Methodologies Underpinned by Metamodels.

Traceability is recognized to be essential for supporting software development. However, a number of traceability issues are still open, such as link semantics formalization or traceability process models. Traceability methodologies underpinned by metamodels are a promising approach. However current metamodels still have serious limitations. Concerning methodologies in general, three hierarchical layered levels have been identified: metamodel, methodology and project. Metamodels do not often properly support this architecture, and that results in semantic problems at the time of specifying the methodology. Another reason is that they provide extensive predefined sets of types for describing project attributes, while these project attributes are domain specific and, sometimes, even project specific. This paper introduces two complementary modeling principles to overcome these limitations, i.e. the metamodeling three layer hierarchy, and power-type patterns modeling principles. Mechanisms to extend and refine traceability models are inherent to them. The paper shows that, when methodologies are developed from metamodels based on these two principles, the result is a methodology well fitted to project features. Links semantics is also improved

Análisis del nivel de competitividad de la empresa BIOTAO. Chepén, 2018

El autor no autorizó la publicación de la tesis

Caring for the Future: The Power and Potential of Americas Direct Care Workforce (Executive Summary)

This executive summary describes the key points of our comprehensive, current-day analysis of the direct care workforce. This report is the culmination of a year-long series of reports (released throughout 2020) providing a comprehensive, current-day analysis of the direct care workforce and its critical role in the long-term care system in the United States. By bringing these reports together, this final report provides: a detailed profile of these workers; a segmented look at the long-term care industry; a discussion on the evolving role of the direct care worker; a proposed framework for creating quality jobs in direct care; and a look forward at where this workforce and industry are heading. The report also offers concrete recommendations for policymakers, employers, advocates, and other long-term care leaders, and features stories of direct care workers from around the country, sharing their wisdom and ideas. In releasing this report, our goal is to strengthen the national dialogue on the direct care workforce, including what needs to change in policy and in practice

Caring for the Future: The Power and Potential of Americas Direct Care Workforce

This report is the culmination of a year-long series of reports (released throughout 2020) providing a comprehensive, current-day analysis of the direct care workforce and its critical role in the long-term care system in the United States. By bringing these reports together, this final report provides: a detailed profile of these workers; a segmented look at the long-term care industry; a discussion on the evolving role of the direct care worker; a proposed framework for creating quality jobs in direct care; and a look forward at where this workforce and industry are heading. The report also offers concrete recommendations for policymakers, employers, advocates, and other long-term care leaders, and features stories of direct care workers from around the country, sharing their wisdom and ideas. In releasing this report, our goal is to strengthen the national dialogue on the direct care workforce, including what needs to change in policy and in practice.workforce,including what needs to change in policy and in practice

Los factores que favorecen la cultura del emprendimiento en la educación básica regular : el caso de las instituciones educativas 14511 y 14507.

El presente trabajo de investigación se refiere a “Los factores que favorecen la cultura del emprendimiento en la Educación Básica Regular. El Caso de las Instituciones Educativas 14511 y 14507”. Nuestro estudio de investigación se inició al descubrir que el aspecto lúdico del trabajo incentiva, en los niños y niñas del área rural, la cultura del emprendimiento. No detectamos un problema en sí, sino una oportunidad que, en el contexto social del distrito de San Miguel de El Faique (Huancabamba-Piura), ubicado en el quintil 1 de pobreza, tiene una gran potencialidad para promover el desarrollo sostenible. Esta oportunidad intenta argüir sobre las particularidades de un fenómeno, que ha tenido poca atención académica. Sucede que la investigación en gerencia social estudia las intervenciones de las políticas, programas o proyectos sociales con la intención de mejorarlos, extender su impacto, replicar o sistematizar las experiencias exitosas. En esa perspectiva, el “Proyecto Educativo Nacional al 2021. La Educación que queremos para el Perú”, el Diseño Curricular Nacional de la Educación Básica Regular, el Plan Nacional de Competitividad y el Proyecto Educativo Regional, fueron examinados para detectar si tienen el vigor para impulsar las cualidades necesarias que necesitan los seres humanos para generar su propio empleo y no depender del empleo que ofrezca alguna empresa o el Estado. Advertida la relación positiva entre educación y emprendimiento elaboramos una propuesta para aprovechar la normatividad existente en el país para articular la innovación en función del incremento de la productividad. Y es que la innovación representa un camino mediante el cual el conocimiento se traslada y se convierte en un proceso, un producto o un servicio que incorpora nuevas ventajas para el mercado o para la sociedad. Por su parte la educación incluye toda una gama de medios complementarios por los cuales se trasmiten el conocimiento, los valores y las especializaciones, y se modifican los patrones de comportamiento para educar a los emprendedores.Tesi

Evaluación músculo esquelética a través del método de RULA, de los Laboratorios de Fundición y Soldadura y taller de Máquinas Automotrices de la Facultad de Tecnología de la Industria, UNI-RUPAP

El propósito de este trabajo será realizar una evaluación ergonómica de los puestos de los laboratorios de Fundición y Soldadura y el taller de Máquinas Automotrices, ya que en estas áreas se han presentado diversos trastornos músculo-esqueléticos por parte de sus trabajadores. Este trabajo se basará en el método de RULA y en diferentes normativas establecidas en la ley 618, general de higiene y seguridad del trabajo que cumpla con los estándares nacionales e internacionales y que sea de una manera práctica cumpliendo con las necesidades de los trabajadores

Revisión sistemática de métodos de extracción y técnicas de tamizaje fitoquímico para cinco metabolitos secundarios de especies vegetales

La incorporación de conocimientos ancestrales sobre la utilización de las plantas con la Biotecnología moderna es crucial para el avance en la investigación y validación de compuestos bioactivos. La estandarización de métodos de extracción y técnicas de tamizaje fitoquímico es un beneficio para los investigadores debido a la carencia de manuales actualizados y accesibles en español, que den paso necesario a fomentar el desarrollo de nuevas investigaciones. La importancia de los metabolitos secundarios en las plantas cumple funciones claves en la interacción de la planta con su entorno. Estos compuestos, como alcaloides, flavonoides, fenoles, saponinas y cumarinas, poseen diversas actividades biológicas que los hacen valiosos en la medicina y otras aplicaciones. La elección del método de extracción y solvente dependerá del tipo de metabolito a extraer. Los métodos con mayor implementación son la maceración y la extracción Soxhlet. La ciencia continúa avanzando y desarrollando técnicas modernas como la extracción asistida por ultrasonido y la extracción asistida por microondas, que ofrecen ventajas en eficiencia y selectividad. Cada una de las técnicas de tamizaje fitoquímico emplea reactivos específicos que interactúan con los metabolitos para producir cambios visibles, o cambios de color, lo que permite inferir la presencia de ciertos compuestos en el extracto vegetal. Estás técnicas, aunque cualitativas, proporcionan una primera aproximación esencial para el análisis más detallado de los metabolitos secundarios presentes en las plantas. El creciente interés en la investigación de especies vegetales en Ecuador, que no solo contribuye al conocimiento científico, sino que promueve el uso sostenible de los recursos naturales, subraya la importancia de recopilar y sintetizar esta información, que facilitará la investigación y el desarrollo de nuevos productos basados en metabolitos secundarios, beneficiando tanto a la ciencia como a la sociedad.The incorporation of ancestral knowledge about the use of plants with modern Biotechnology is crucial for the advancement in the research and validation of bioactive compounds. The standardization of extraction methods and phytochemical screening techniques is a benefit for researchers due to the lack of updated and accessible manuals in Spanish, which give a necessary step to promote the development of new research. The importance of secondary metabolites in plants fulfills key functions in the interaction of the plant with its environment. These compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins and coumarins, possess diverse biological activities that make them valuable in medicine and other applications. The choice of extraction method and solvent will depend on the type of metabolite to be extracted. The most widely implemented methods are maceration and Soxhlet extraction. At the same time, science continues to advance and develop more modern techniques such as ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction, which offer advantages in terms of efficiency and selectivity. Each of the phytochemical screening techniques employs specific reagents that interact with the metabolites to produce visible changes, or color changes, allowing the presence of certain compounds in the plant extract to be inferred. These techniques, although qualitative, provide an essential first approximation for the more detailed analysis of the secondary metabolites present in plants. The growing interest in plant species research in Ecuador, which not only contributes to scientific knowledge but also promotes the sustainable use of natural resources, underlines the importance of collecting and synthesizing this information, which will facilitate the research and development of new products based on secondary metabolites, benefiting both science and society