Dorsal cutaneous innervation of the hand with respect to anatomical landmarks: is there a safe zone?

Esmer, Ali Firat/0000-0003-2511-9879; Yalcinozan, Mehmet/0000-0002-2772-1137WOS: 000312464900009PubMed: 23145760Objectives: In this study, we aimed to define the borders of the triangular area between the radial and dorsal nerves on the dorsum of the hand and to determine its dimensions using measurements between anatomic landmarks. Materials and methods: We statistically analyzed the relation between the distance from Lister's tubercle to the blending point of the central branches of radial and ulnar nerves and the distance between styloids on 14 hands of seven adult human cadavers (5 males, 2 females). The distances of nerve branches to vertical lines drown distally from both styloid processes were also compared with interstyloid distances to help in presuming the course of these nerves. Results: No statistical constant correlation was determined between the measurements. Neither the height of the triangular area nor the courses of both nerves seemed to be quantitatively related to any measurements between the anatomical landmarks. Conclusion: Variability in these measurements in our study indicates that there is no surgical safe zone on the dorsum of the hand

Dorsal cutaneous innervation of the hand with respect to anatomical landmarks: is there a safe zone?

Conclusion: Variability in these measurements in our study indicates that there is no surgical safe zone on the dorsum of the hand

Cadaver analysis of thoracic outlet anomalies

Esmer, Ali Firat/0000-0003-2511-9879; Apaydin, Nihal/0000-0002-7680-1766; ATINKAYA, CANSEL/0000-0002-8583-3479WOS: 000286413200013Background: This study aims to determinate the rate of thoracic outlet anomalies by means of analysis of cadavers. Methods: Supraclavicular incisions were applied by two anatomists and two thoracic surgeons in the thoracocervicoaxillary region of both extremities (n=40) in twenty cadavers (7 females, 13 males; mean age 46). The formation and type of fibrous bands, cervical ribs, C7 long transverse processes and anomalies of the clavicles, scalenus anterior and scalenus medius muscles, brachial plexus, subclavian arteries and veins were evaluated. The type and formation of fibrous bands were classified using Roos' classification. Results: Anomalies were found in 34 (85%) of extremities. The type 3-band was most frequently (15%) observed and all of them were on the right extremity. The type 4-band was rarely seen (2.5%). Two bands (type 9 and type 11) in the same extremity were notified in one cadaver. (2.5%). The occurrence rate of cervical rib and C7 long transverse process was 10%. Some fibers of m. scalenus medius emerged from a cervical rib in one extremity (2.5%). The arteria subclavia anterior passed through the scalene muscle in three extremities (7.5%). In 10% of extremities the C5 truncus passing through the anterior scalene muscle and upper truncus of brachial plexus passing anterior scalene muscle via perforation was found in 7.5% of patients. Conclusion: In our population, brachial plexus and subclavian artery variations are frequently observed. Therefore these types of anomalies should be taken into consideration to prevent morbidity and complications when muscle division or blockage applications are performed