Integrated control of Protapion trifolii (Col.: Apionidae) and its effect on yield component of Berseem clover in Khuzestan province

This experiment was conducted in Safiabad Agricultural Research Center for two years starting from 7th October 2001 in order to evaluate and selection of the best cultural, chemical and integrated control methods of Protapion trifolii (L.) (Col.: Apionidae) in Berseem clover. The effects of control methods were investigated using 9 experimental treatments (including chemical and cultural controls, and the integration of these two methods) in the form of a 2-factor split plot design with 3 replications. Vertical factors were two insecticides, Ecamet and Durseban, and an "untreated" treatment, and horizontal factors were the dates of second mowing (for seed) in 1st, 16th & 31st March 2002. In order to evaluate the amount of damage and the effects of different control methods on yield components, the percentage of inflorescence infestation to larvae before and after spraying, the amount of seed yield, the number of seeds per inflorescence, the number of inflorescences per m2, 1000 seeds weight, the amount of fresh forage, dry forage and the amount of produced protein were recorded. The results of two years combined analysis showed no significant difference among spraying treatments for all the mentioned characteristics, except the percent of larvae infested inflorescences after spraying. Contrary to spraying treatments, there were significant differences among mowing treatments for the percent of larvae infested inflorescences before spraying, the amount of seed yield, the number of inflorescences per m2, the amount of fresh forage, dry forage and the amount of produced protein. Considering the main objective of this experiment (obtaining the highest seed yield) and the high economic value of the clover seeds, the results showed that the mowing date of 16th March 2002 could be suggested as the best date. Also, the chemical control of P. trifolii had no significant effect on seed yield despite its effect on the population of the pest itself, so probably the chemical control of this pest in seed farms of Berseem clover has no economic justification in addition to its harmful environmental effects

The role of MicroRNA signature as diagnostic biomarkers in different clinical stages of colorectal cancer

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and a major cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The early diagnosis of colorectal tumors is one of the most important challenges in cancer management. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have provided new insight into CRC development and have been suggested as reliable and stable biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the differential expression of miRNAs at different stages of CRC searching for possible correlation with clinicopathological features to examine their potential value as diagnostic biomarkers. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, plasma and matched tissue samples were collected from 74 CRC patients at stage II-IV as well as blood samples from 32 healthy controls. After exhaustive study of the current literature, eight miRNAs including miR-200c, 20a, 21, 31,135b, 133b,145 and let-7g were selected. The expression level of the miRNAs was assayed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Statistical analysis, including t test , Mann-Whitney U, Kruskall-Wallis tests and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied, where needed. Results: Significantly elevated levels of miR-21, miR-31, miR-20a, miR-135b, and decreased levels of miR-200c, miR-145 and let-7 g were detected in both plasma and matched tissue samples compared to the healthy group (P0.05). ROC for tissue miRNAs showed an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.98 and P<0.001 for miR-21, 0.91 and P<0.001 for miR-135b, 0.91 and P<0.001 for miR-31, and 0.92 and P<0.001 for miR-20a. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the expression levels of microRNAs are systematically altered in CRC tissue and plasma. In conclusion, detection of miR-21, miR-135b, miR-31 and miR-20a levels in the tissue might be helpful to illuminate the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC carcinogenesis and serve as tumor-associated biomarkers for diagnosis. © 2018 Royan Institute (ACECR). All Rights Reserved

Study of synthesis of some Flerovium isotopes, Fl, in the island of stability and comparison of their fusion barrier parameters

In the present research, we want to study synthesis of some isotopes of Flerovium ، ، &nbsp;and &nbsp;were produced in the nuclear fusion of 48Ca ions with 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, and 242Pu nuclei. We obtain the parameters of the fusion barriers between48Ca ions with Pu isotopes and compare these parameters with each other. Furthermore, we investigate influence of the direction of target nuclei on the parameters of the fusion barriers. we show that the minimum energies for synthesis of 287Fl, 288Fl, 289Fl and 290Fl nuclei are 184.16 MeV, 183.95 MeV, 183.75 MeV and 183.56 MeV. Finally in the framework of the statistical model, we estimate the evaporation residue cross section for 286Fl, 287Fl nuclei after emission of three and four neutrons from 290Fl nuclei and we will show that the results of calculations for 286Fl nuclei are in good agreement with the experimental data. Although, the results of the calculations of the evaporation residue cross section for 287Fl nuclei lie somewhat below the results of the experimental data

Study of fission dynamics with the three-dimensional Langevin equations

The dynamics of fission has been studied by solving one- and three-dimensional Langevin equations with dissipation generated through the chaos weighted wall and window friction formula. The average prescission neutron multiplicities, fission probabilities and the mean fission times have been calculated in a broad range of the excitation energy for compound nuclei 210Po and 224Th formed in the fusion-fission reactions 4He + 206Pb , 16O + 208Pb and results compared with the experimental data. The analysis of the results shows that the average prescission neutron multiplicities, fission probabilities and the mean fission times calculated by one- and three-dimensional Langevin equations are different from each other, and also the results obtained based on three-dimensional Langevin equations are in better agreement with the experimental data

Exploring industrial community energy systems: A missing link in the industrial energy transition?

The transition to renewable energy sources affects all sectors of society, including the industrial sector. Besides climate policy ambitions and other concerns regarding the social and environmental acceptability of energy provision, the transition to renewables may also improve the availability and affordability of energy services. The latter holds especially in some developing countries, where the development of energy infrastructure often lags behind the needs of industry. For many industries, the energy transition challenge entails the future substitution of high temperature, fossil-fired processes to lower temperature e.g., electrochemical conversion routes, which will make them much more than now depend on the reliable and affordable provision of electricity. However, in many developing economies, even the current provision of electricity is far from reliable. Transitioning to power generation from renewable energy (RE) sources can contribute to a more diversified, resilient, and environmentally-friendly power generation mix.If the energy sector in developing economies does not sufficiently invest in a robust generation mix for the future, industry itself may consider to take the lead. For individual companies, however, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), the high upfront investment costs of infrastructure for harvesting and transporting renewable energy present a significant hurdle. Inspired by the literature on community energy systems (CES) and industrial symbiosis (IS), this thesis set out to investigate if, and under which conditions, industrial companies may be willing to join forces in industrial community energy systems (InCES) in order to secure their supply of electricity from renewable energy sources.Energie and Industri

Study of fission dynamics of the excited nuclei produced in fusion reactions in the framework of the four-dimensional Langevin equations

The dynamics of fission of excited nuclei has been studied by solving four-dimensional Langevin equations with dissipation generated through the chaos-weighted wall and window friction formula. The projection of the total spin of the compound nucleus to the symmetry axis, K, was considered as the fourth dimension in Langevin dynamical calculations. The average pre-scission neutron multiplicities, mean kinetic energy of fission fragments and the variances of the mass and kinetic energy have been calculated in a wide range of fissile parameter for compound nuclei 162Yb, 172Yb, 215Fr, 224Th, 248Cf, 260Rf and results compared with the experimental data. Calculations were performed with a constant dissipation coefficient of K, γK (MeV zs)-1/2, and with a non-constant dissipation coefficient. Comparison of the theoretical results for the average pre-scission neutron multiplicities, mean kinetic energy of fission fragments and the variances of the mass and kinetic energy with the experimental data showed that the results of four-dimensional Langevin equations with a non-constant dissipation coefficient are in better agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, the difference between the results of two models for compound nuclei with low fissile parameter is low whereas, for heavy compound nuclei, is high

Exploring industrial community energy systems: A missing link in the industrial energy transition?

The transition to renewable energy sources affects all sectors of society, including the industrial sector. Besides climate policy ambitions and other concerns regarding the social and environmental acceptability of energy provision, the transition to renewables may also improve the availability and affordability of energy services. The latter holds especially in some developing countries, where the development of energy infrastructure often lags behind the needs of industry. For many industries, the energy transition challenge entails the future substitution of high temperature, fossil-fired processes to lower temperature e.g., electrochemical conversion routes, which will make them much more than now depend on the reliable and affordable provision of electricity. However, in many developing economies, even the current provision of electricity is far from reliable. Transitioning to power generation from renewable energy (RE) sources can contribute to a more diversified, resilient, and environmentally-friendly power generation mix.If the energy sector in developing economies does not sufficiently invest in a robust generation mix for the future, industry itself may consider to take the lead. For individual companies, however, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), the high upfront investment costs of infrastructure for harvesting and transporting renewable energy present a significant hurdle. Inspired by the literature on community energy systems (CES) and industrial symbiosis (IS), this thesis set out to investigate if, and under which conditions, industrial companies may be willing to join forces in industrial community energy systems (InCES) in order to secure their supply of electricity from renewable energy sources

Statistical and dynamical modeling of heavy-ion fusion–fission reactions

A modified statistical model and a four dimensional dynamical model based on Langevin equations have been used to simulate the fission process of the excited compound nuclei 207At and 216Ra produced in the fusion 19F + 188Os and 19F + 197Au reactions. The evaporation residue cross section, the fission cross section, the pre-scission neutron, proton and alpha multiplicities and the anisotropy of fission fragments angular distribution have been calculated for the excited compound nuclei 207At and 216Ra. In the modified statistical model the effects of spin K about the symmetry axis and temperature have been considered in calculations of the fission widths and the potential energy surfaces. It was shown that the modified statistical model can reproduce the above mentioned experimental data by using appropriate values of the temperature coefficient of the effective potential equal to λ=0.0180±0.0055, 0.0080±0.0030 MeV−2 and the scaling factor of the fission barrier height equal to rs=1.0015±0.0025, 1.0040±0.0020 for the compound nuclei 207At and 216Ra, respectively. Three collective shape coordinates plus the projection of total spin of the compound nucleus on the symmetry axis, K, were considered in the four dimensional dynamical model. In the dynamical calculations, dissipation was generated through the chaos weighted wall and window friction formula. Comparison of the theoretical results with the experimental data showed that two models make it possible to reproduce satisfactorily the above mentioned experimental data for the excited compound nuclei 207At and 216Ra. Keywords: Fission reactions, Pre-scission light particle multiplicity, Fission fragments angular distributio