An In Vitro Comparison of the Antibacterial Efficacy of Triphala with Different Concentrations of Sodium Hypochlorite

Introduction: The antimicrobial efficacy of root canal irrigant plays an important role in increasing the success of root canal treatment (RCT). The aim of the present experimental study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of Triphala (a plant-derived solution) with 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5% concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Methods and Materials: Two hundred plates of cultured E. faecalis, were divided into 5 experimental groups (n=38) and two positive and negative control groups. The antimicrobial activity of the test solutions was determined by measuring the zone of inhibition in the culture media. The mean diameter of inhibited zones between the study groups was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for the two-by-two comparison of the groups with the level of significance set at 0.05. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant differences between the study groups (P<0.05). According to the Mann-Whitney U test the mean diameter of inhibition zones in Triphala group was significantly higher compared to 0.5 and 1% NaOCl (P<0.05). Conclusion: In this study, Triphala exhibited better antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis compared to 0.5 and 1% NaOCl (P<0.05)

Application of nanocellulose composites in the environmental engineering: A review

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Effects of different intra canal medicaments on the push out bond strength of endodontic sealers

One of the essential properties of the root canal sealers is the adhesion to root canal dentin and their higher bond strength decreases the microleakage. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of Different Intracanal medicaments on the push out bond strength of AH26 and MTA Fillapex sealers. A total of 104 one-rooted extracted human teeth were divided into 4 (n=26) experimental groups. After the cleaning and shaping, the root canals were filled with Ca(OH)2, triantibiotic paste (TAP), Metapex or 2% chlorhexidine gel for two weeks. Then, intracanal medicaments were rinsed away and the samples in the sub-groups were obturated with gutta-percha and AH26 or MTA Fillapex sealers. After two weeks incubation, 2-mm-thick middle section of each root was then subjected to push-out testing. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and LSD test. With all the intracanal medicaments, the overall mean of bond strength values were significantly higher with AH26 compared to MTA Fillapex (p<0.05). With the use of MTA Fillapex the maximum and minimum means of bond strength values were recorded with CHX and Metapex and for AH26 were recorded with Ca(OH)2 and chlorhexidine, respectively. The bond strengths of sealers to dentin are under the influence of pre-treatment with intracanal medicaments. Under the limitations of the present study, the effect of TAP on the bond strength of endodontic sealers was not negative

Electrical properties of polymer blend composites based on Silicone rubber/EPDM/clay for high voltage insulators

Silicone rubber (SR) and ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) are widely-used polymers as housing for high voltage insulators. In this work, SR/EPDM/clay nanocomposites were obtained by two-roll mill mixing for outdoor polymeric insulators. Morphology, dielectric properties, dielectric breakdown strength (DBS), and surface and volume resistivity of different weight contents of nanoclay (Cloisite 15A) incorporated in SR, EPDM, and SR/EPDM hybrid nanocomposites were characterized. In addition, the distribution of breakdown voltages was fit to the distribution of Weibull and estimated the scale and shape parameters. The polar groups of the clay particles enhanced the polarization capability of the nanocomposites. Moreover, DBS results showed an enhancement of the dielectric strength proportional to clay content. Finally, the surface and volume resistance of all nanocomposites decreases but maintains very high electrical resistance. The experimental data presented in this study will be useful for designing and manufacturing the outdoor insulators.Fil: Bazli, Leila. Nano and Smart Polymers Center of Excellence; IránFil: Eskandarinezhad, Sara. Yazd University; IránFil: Magan, Naresh. Indian Institute Of Technology Madras; IndiaFil: Ramachandran, Velmurugan. Indian Institute Of Technology Madras; IndiaFil: Bacigalupe, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Mansilla, Marcela Angela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; ArgentinaFil: Escobar, Mariano Martin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial; Argentin

Advancements in Fabrication and Application of Chitosan Composites in Implants and Dentistry: A Review

Chitosan is a biopolymer that is found in nature and is produced from chitin deacetylation. Chitosan has been studied thoroughly for multiple applications with an interdisciplinary approach. Antifungal antibacterial activities, mucoadhesion, non-toxicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility are some of the unique characteristics of chitosan-based biomaterials. Moreover, chitosan is the only widely-used natural polysaccharide, and it is possible to chemically modify it for different applications and functions. In various fields, chitosan composite and compound manufacturing has acquired much interest in developing several promising products. Chitosan and its derivatives have gained attention universally in biomedical and pharmaceutical industries as a result of their desired characteristics. In the present mini-review, novel methods for preparing chitosan-containing materials for dental and implant engineering applications along with challenges and future perspectives are discussed