Magnetostatic interactions between magnetic nanotubes

The investigation of interactions between magnetic nanotubes is complex and often involves substantial simplifications. In this letter an analytical expression for the magnetostatic interaction, taking into account the geometry of the tubes, has been obtained. This expression allows for the definition of a critical vertical separation for relative magnetization between nanotubes and can be used for tailoring barcode-type nanostructures with prospective applications such as biological separation and transport.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Angular dependence of magnetic properties in Ni nanowire arrays

The angular dependence of the remanence and coercivity of Ni nanowire arrays produced inside the pores of anodic alumina membranes has been studied. By comparing our analytical calculations with our measurements, we conclude that the magnetization reversal in this array is driven by means of the nucleation and propagation of a transverse wall. A simple model based on an adapted Stoner-Wohlfarth model is used to explain the angular dependence of the coercivity

Persistence of the Z = 28 shell gap in A = 75 isobars: Identification of a possible (1/2-) μs isomer in Co75 and β decay to Ni75

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMBackground: The evolution of shell structure around doubly magic exotic nuclei is of great interest in nuclear physics and astrophysics. In the 'southwest' region of Ni78, the development of deformation might trigger a major shift in our understanding of explosive nucleosynthesis. To this end, new spectroscopic information on key close-lying nuclei is very valuable. Purpose: We intend to measure the isomeric and β decay of Co75, with one-proton and two-neutron holes relative to Ni78, to access new nuclear structure information in Co75 and its β-decay daughters Ni75 and Ni74. Methods: The nucleus Co75 is produced in relativistic in-flight fission reactions of U238 at the Radioactive Ion Beam Factory in the RIKEN Nishina Center. Its isomeric and β decay are studied exploiting the BigRIPS and EURICA setups. Results: We obtain partial β-decay spectra for Ni75 and Ni74, and report a new isomeric transition in Co75. The energy [Eγ = 1914(2)keV] and half-life [t1/2 = 13(6)μs] of the delayed γ ray lend support for the existence of a Jπ = (1/2-) isomeric state at 1914(2) keV. A comparison with PFSDG-U shell-model calculations provides a good account for the observed states in Ni75, but the first calculated 1/2- level in Co75, a prolate K = 1/2 state, is predicted about 1 MeV below the observed (1/2-) level. Conclusions: The spherical-like structure of the lowest-lying excited states in Ni75 is proved. In the case of Co75, the results suggest that the dominance of the spherical configurations over the deformed ones might be stronger than expected below Ni78. Further experimental efforts to discern the nature of the Jπ = (1/2-) isomer are necessar

Aproximación enfermera a los cuidados no profesionales a través de las vivencias de una cuidadora

Introducción: El envejecimiento progresivo de la población española, y la creciente disminución de los recursos institucionales para el cuidado de las personas dependientes, implica que cada día sea mayor la necesidad de disponer de cuidadoras no profesionales. En la mayoría de los casos la calidad de vida de las personas dependientes depende de los cuidados no profesionales prestados por mujeres y familiares en general de la persona dependiente. Cuidados y cuidadores son a menudo invisibilizados y/o poco reconocidos desde el punto de vista social, institucional y legislativo. Es función de enfermería conocer esta problemática, identificar a las cuidadoras no profesionales y las necesidades derivadas de su rol, y dispensarles la ayuda, conocimiento y apoyo necesario para realizar esta tarea en las mejores condiciones posibles. Objetivos: Definir los conceptos relacionados con "el cuidar" dentro del sector popular de la salud para poder comprender las vivencias y la problemática de las personas que ejercen de cuidadoras dentro de este sector. Analizar e interpretar el discurso de una cuidadora informal relacionándolo con las categorías diagnósticas propuestas por la NANDA para poder descubrir los problemas relacionados con el cuidado donde sería posible la intervención enfermera al cuidador. Material y métodos: Revisión bibliográfica sistemática con inclusión de textos legislativos relevantes para este trabajo. Entrevista semiestructurada a una cuidadora no profesional. Análisis del discurso. Codificación abierta e inductiva de la información con establecimiento de dominios y categorías de análisis, tomando como modelo la “Teoría Fundamentada” de Glaser y Strauss. Resultados: dominios y categorías diagnósticas NANDA en base al discurso de una cuidadora. Conclusiones: Dada la importancia los cuidados no profesionales es fundamental que los programas de atención sanitaria de nuestra cultura y nuestra sociedad, creen las bases para garantizar el bienestar biopsicosocial de la cuidadora no profesional. Por otra parte, las cuidadoras no profesionales sufren numerosos problemas de salud en los que el profesional de enfermería puede actuar, especialmente detectando y previniendo los factores de riesgo para el cuidador

Magnetostatic bias in multilayer microwires: theory and experiments

The hysteresis curves of multilayer microwires consisting of a soft magnetic nucleus, intermediate non-magnetic layers, and an external hard magnetic layer are investigated. The magnetostatic interaction between magnetic layers is proved to give rise to an antiferromagnetic-like coupling resulting in a magnetostatic bias in the hysteresis curves of the soft nucleus. This magnetostatic biasing effect is investigated in terms of the microwire geometry. The experimental results are interpreted considering an analytical model taking into account the magnetostatic interaction between the magnetic layers.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Preserving Liveness Guarantees from Synchronous Communication to Asynchronous Unstructured Low-Level Languages

In the implementation of abstract synchronous communication in asynchronous unstructured low-level languages, e.g. using shared variables, the preservation of safety and especially liveness properties is a hitherto open problem due to inherently different abstraction levels. Our approach to overcome this problem is threefold: First, we present our notion of handshake refinement with which we formally prove the correctness of the implementation relation of a handshake protocol. Second, we verify the soundness of our handshake refinement, i.e., all safety and liveness properties are preserved to the lower level. Third, we apply our handshake refinement to show the correctness of all implementations that realize the abstract synchronous communication with the handshake protocol. To this end, we employ an exemplary language with asynchronous shared variable communication. Our approach is scalable and closes the verification gap between different abstraction levels of communication

Mantle Source Variations beneath the Eastern Lau Spreading Center and the Nature of Subduction Components in the Lau Basin-Tonga Arc System

New high-density sampling of the Eastern Lau Spreading Center provides constraints on the processes that affect the mantle wedge beneath a back-arc environment, including the effect of the subduction input on basalt petrogenesis and the change in subduction input with distance from the Tonga arc. We obtained trace element and Pb-Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of 64 samples distributed between 20.2 degree S and 22.3 degree S with an average spacing of ~3.6 km. The trace element and isotope variations do not vary simply with distance from the arc and reflect variations in the mantle wedge composition and the presence of multiple components in the subduction input. The mantle wedge composition varies form north to south, owing to the southward migration of Indian-like mantle, progressively replacing the initially Pacific-like mantle wedge. The mantle wedge compositions also require an enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt-like trace element enrichment that has little effect on isotope ratios, suggesting recent low-degree melt enrichment events. The composition of the subduction input added to the mantle wedge is geographically variable and mirrors the changes observed in the Tonga arc island lavas. The combination of the back-arc and arc data allows identification of several components contributing to the subduction input. These are a fluid derived from the altered oceanic crust with a possible sedimentary contribution, a pelagic sediment partial melt, and, in the southern Lau basin, a volcaniclastic sediment partial melt. While on a regional scale, there is a rough decrease in subduction influence with the distance from the arc, on smaller scales, the distribution of the subduction input reflects different mechanisms of the addition of the subduction input to a variable mantle wedge.Earth and Planetary Science