334 research outputs found
Nonrenormalization of Flux Superpotentials in String Theory
Recent progress in understanding modulus stabilization in string theory
relies on the existence of a non-renormalization theorem for the 4D
compactifications of Type IIB supergravity which preserve N=1 supersymmetry. We
provide a simple proof of this non-renormalization theorem for a broad class of
Type IIB vacua using the known symmetries of these compactifications, thereby
putting them on a similar footing as the better-known non-renormalization
theorems of heterotic vacua without fluxes. The explicit dependence of the
tree-level flux superpotential on the dilaton field makes the proof more subtle
than in the absence of fluxes.Comment: 16 pages, no figures. Final version, to appear in JHEP. Arguments for
validity of R-symmetry made more explicit. Minor extra comments and
references adde
Retrograde filling material in periapical surgery: a systematic review
Background: Periapical surgery focuses on the treatment of teeth with persistent periapical lesions when orthograde root canal treatment fails. Although MTA® is the gold standard material for retrograde filling, Biodentine® - a tricalcium silicate-based cement - has been proposed in order to resolve several of its limitations. A systematic review has been carried out to compare the physicochemical properties of Biodentine® versus MTA® as root-end filling material in periapical surgery. Material and methods: An electronic search was conducted by two independent examiners during March 2020 in the Cochrane, PubMed-MEDLINE and Scopus databases. In addition, a manual search was made in specialized journals. Comparative human or in vitro studies that evaluated bond strength, the presence of marginal gap and sealing ability were included. No restriction on publication date was applied. Animal studies, clinical cases, cases series and expert opinions were excluded. Results: After analyzing 147 initially selected studies, 13 publications were included. Regarding bond strength, the studies seemed to evidence better performance of Biodentine® in both acidic and blood contaminated environments. In relation to the presence of marginal gap and sealing ability, the studies yielded contradictory results. According to some authors, the sealing ability of Biodentine® is greater than that of MTA® during the first 24 hours, though both materials prove equal after one week. Other authors recorded no significant differences. Conclusions: Considering the limitations and heterogeneity of the studies included, there is not sufficient evidence to confirm the clinical superiority of Biodentine® as a root-end filling material in periapical surgery
Presurgical diagnosis of diffuse gliomas in adults:Post-WHO 2021 practical perspectives from radiologists in neuro-oncology units
The 2021 World Health Organization classification of CNS tumours was greeted with enthusiasm as well as an initial potential overwhelm. However, with time and experience, our understanding of its key aspects has notably improved. Using our collective expertise gained in neuro-oncology units in hospitals in different countries, we have compiled a practical guide for radiologists that clarifies the classification criteria for diffuse gliomas in adults. Its format is clear and concise to facilitate its incorporation into everyday clinical practice. The document includes a historical overview of the classifications and highlights the most important recent additions. It describes the main types in detail with an emphasis on their appearance on imaging. The authors also address the most debated issues in recent years. It will better prepare radiologists to conduct accurate presurgical diagnoses and collaborate effectively in clinical decision making, thus impacting decisions on treatment, prognosis, and overall patient care.</p
Presurgical diagnosis of diffuse gliomas in adults:Post-WHO 2021 practical perspectives from radiologists in neuro-oncology units
The 2021 World Health Organization classification of CNS tumours was greeted with enthusiasm as well as an initial potential overwhelm. However, with time and experience, our understanding of its key aspects has notably improved. Using our collective expertise gained in neuro-oncology units in hospitals in different countries, we have compiled a practical guide for radiologists that clarifies the classification criteria for diffuse gliomas in adults. Its format is clear and concise to facilitate its incorporation into everyday clinical practice. The document includes a historical overview of the classifications and highlights the most important recent additions. It describes the main types in detail with an emphasis on their appearance on imaging. The authors also address the most debated issues in recent years. It will better prepare radiologists to conduct accurate presurgical diagnoses and collaborate effectively in clinical decision making, thus impacting decisions on treatment, prognosis, and overall patient care.</p
Las complicaciones de la resonancia magnética nuclear en la exploración de la articulación temporomandibular
La presencia de ciertos materiales ferromagnĂ©ticos , implantes y aparatos metálicos en el organismo se considera una contraindicaciĂłn relativa para la práctica de una resonancia magnĂ©tica nuclear, debido a los riesgos asociados al desplazamiento o dislocaciĂłn de los mismos al ser atraĂdos en el campo magnĂ©tico a que se les somete. Se presenta un resumen sobre los materiales con un riesgo potencial de complicaciones durante la práctica de la resonancia magnĂ©tica nuclear de la articulaciĂłn temporomandibular y se destaca la importancia de la detecciĂłn previa de los mismos mediante la anamnesis y la exploraciĂłn fisica de los pacientes que precisan dicha tĂ©cnica. En algunos casos, se precisará asesoramiento especializado
Instanton effects and linear-chiral duality
We discuss duality between the linear and chiral dilaton formulations, in the
presence of super-Yang-Mills instanton corrections to the effective action. In
contrast to previous work on the subject, our approach appeals directly to
explicit instanton calculations and does not rely on the introduction of an
auxiliary Veneziano-Yankielowicz superfield. We discuss duality in the case of
an axion that has a periodic scalar potential, and find that the bosonic fields
of the dual linear multiplet have a modified interpretation. We note that
symmetries of the axion potential manifest themselves as symmetries of the
equations of motion for the linear multiplet. We also make some brief remarks
regarding dilaton stabilization. We point out that corrections recently studied
by Dijkgraaf and Vafa can be used to stabilize the axion in the case of a
single super-Yang-Mills condensate.Comment: 1+18 pages, 1 figure, comments and references adde
Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma arising in dentigerous cyst : report of 2 cases and review of the literature
Dentigerous cysts are one of the most common odontogenic cysts of the oral cavity. Odontogenic cysts can give
rise to a variety of neoplasms. Carcinoma arising in a dentigerous cyst is extremely rare, with a review of literature showing near 30 cases. The present report describes 2 cases of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma
originated from a dentigerous cyst. The first one refers to a 57-year old female with a persistent lesion in the left
retromolarregion and diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma originated fromthe incomplete excision of the lower
third molar follicle during its surgical extraction. The second case describes the case of an 18-year old male with
an impacted upper canine with previous history of infection and swelling of the oral cavity. The histopathological
study revealed the malignization of the follicle surrounding the dental crown. These two cases confirmed the importance of the histopathological study of all the tissue samples obtained from surgical procedures. Although the
development of a malignant lesion from a dentigerous cyst is rare and its clinical-radiological features are apparently innocuous, this entity should be considered as a differential diagnosis
Cosmological Rescaling through Warped Space
We discuss a scenario where at least part of the homogeneity on a brane world
can be directly related to the hierarchy problem through warped space. We study
the dynamics of an anti-D3-brane moving toward the infrared cut-off of a warped
background. After a region described by the DBI action, the self-energy of the
anti-D3-brane will dominate over the background. Then the world-volume scale of
the anti-D3-brane is no longer comoving with the background geometry. After it
settles down in the infrared end, the world-volume inhomogeneity will appear,
to a Poincare observer, to be stretched by an exponentially large ratio. This
ratio is close to that of the hierarchy problem between the gravitational and
electroweak scales.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures; v2, PRD version, comments and references adde
Chronic neuropathic facial pain after intense pulsed light hair removal. Clinical features and pharmacological management
Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) photodepilation is usually performed as a hair removal method. The treatment is recommended to be indicated by a physician, depending on each patient and on its characteristics. However, the use of laser devices by medical laypersons is frequent and it can suppose a risk of damage for the patients. Most side effects
associated to IPL photodepilation are transient, minimal and disappear without sequelae. However, permanent side
effects can occur. Some of the complications are laser related but many of them are caused by an operator error or
mismanagement. In this work, we report a clinical case of a patient that developed a chronic neuropathic facial pain
following IPL hair removal for unwanted hair in the upper lip. The specific diagnosis was painful post-traumatic
trigeminal neuropathy, reference 13.1.2.3 according to the International Headache Society (IHS)
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