5,471 research outputs found
Capacity formulas in MWPC: some critical reflexions
An approximate analytical expression for "capacitance" of MWPC configurations
circulates in the literature since decades and is copied over and over again.
In this paper we will try to show that this formula corresponds to a physical
quantity that is different from what it is usually thought to stand for
Study of a high spatial resolution 10B-based thermal neutron detector for application in neutron reflectometry: the Multi-Blade prototype
Although for large area detectors it is crucial to find an alternative to
detect thermal neutrons because of the 3He shortage, this is not the case for
small area detectors. Neutron scattering science is still growing its
instruments' power and the neutron flux a detector must tolerate is increasing.
For small area detectors the main effort is to expand the detectors'
performances. At Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) we developed the Multi-Blade
detector which wants to increase the spatial resolution of 3He-based detectors
for high flux applications. We developed a high spatial resolution prototype
suitable for neutron reflectometry instruments. It exploits solid 10B-films
employed in a proportional gas chamber. Two prototypes have been constructed at
ILL and the results obtained on our monochromatic test beam line are presented
here
Quantitative Study of Magnetotransport through a (Ga,Mn)As Single Ferromagnetic Domain
We have performed a systematic investigation of the longitudinal and
transverse magnetoresistance of a single ferromagnetic domain in (Ga,Mn)As. We
find that, by taking into account the intrinsic dependence of the resistivity
on the magnetic induction, an excellent agreement between experimental results
and theoretical expectations is obtained. Our findings provide a detailed and
fully quantitative validation of the theoretical description of
magnetotransport through a single ferromagnetic domain. Our analysis
furthermore indicates the relevance of magneto-impurity scattering as a
mechanism for magnetoresistance in (Ga,Mn)As.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures; v2: missing references included, figures
recompressed to improve readabilit
Hole spin polarization in GaAlAs:Mn structures
A self-consistent calculation of the electronic properties of GaAlAs:Mn
magnetic semiconductor quantum well structures is performed including the
Hartree term and the sp-d exchange interaction with the Mn magnetic moments.
The spin polarization density is obtained for several structure configurations.
Available experimental results are compared with theory.Comment: 4 page
Comparative study of hormonal counterregulation during GCIIS-guided hypoglycemia tests using human Proinsulin and Human Insulin (recombinant DNA)
Schlechte Scanvorlage
Some Restrictions Abroad Affecting Corporations
A neutron detector concept based on solid layers of boron carbide enriched in 1 B has been in development for the last few years as an alternative for He-3 by collaboration between the ILL, ESS and Linkoping University. This Multi-Grid detector uses layers of aluminum substrates coated with (B4C)-B-10 on both sides that are traversed by the incoming neutrons. Detection is achieved using a gas counter readout principle. By segmenting the substrate and using multiple anode wires, the detector is made inherently position sensitive. This development is aimed primarily at neutron scattering instruments with large detector areas, such as time-of-flight chopper spectrometers. The most recent prototype has been built to be interchangeable with the He-3 detectors of IN6 at ILL. The 1 B detector has an active area of 32 x 48 cm(2). It was installed at the IN6 instrument and operated for several weeks, collecting data in parallel with the regularly scheduled experiments, thus providing the first side-by-side comparison with the conventional He-3 detectors. Results include an efficiency comparison, assessment of the in-detector scattering contribution, sensitivity to gamma-rays and the signal-to-noise ratio in time-of-flight spectra. The good expected performance has been confirmed with the exception of an unexpected background count rate. This has been identified as natural alpha activity in aluminum. New convertor substrates are under study to eliminate this source of background
Theory of Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Ferromagnetism
We present a theory of carrier-induced ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic
semiconductors (III_{1-x} Mn_x V) which allows for arbitrary itinerant-carrier
spin polarization and dynamic correlations. Both ingredients are essential in
identifying the system's elementary excitations and describing their
properties. We find a branch of collective modes, in addition to the spin waves
and Stoner continuum which occur in metallic ferromagnets, and predict that the
low-temperature spin stiffness is independent of the strength of the exchange
coupling between magnetic ions and itinerant carriers. We discuss the
temperature dependence of the magnetization and the heat capacity
Overview of the design of the ITER heating neutral beam injectors
The heating neutral beam injectors (HNBs) of ITER are designed to deliver 16.7MWof 1 MeVD0 or
0.87 MeVH0 to the ITER plasma for up to 3600 s. They will be the most powerful neutral beam\uf0a0(NB)
injectors ever, delivering higher energy NBs to the plasma in a tokamak for longer than any previous
systems have done. The design of the HNBs is based on the acceleration and neutralisation of negative
ions as the efficiency of conversion of accelerated positive ions is so low at the required energy that a
realistic design is not possible, whereas the neutralisation ofH 12 andD 12 remains acceptable ( 4856%).
The design of a long pulse negative ion based injector is inherently more complicated than that of
short pulse positive ion based injectors because:
\u2022 negative ions are harder to create so that they can be extracted and accelerated from the ion source;
\u2022 electrons can be co-extracted from the ion source along with the negative ions, and their
acceleration must be minimised to maintain an acceptable overall accelerator efficiency;
\u2022 negative ions are easily lost by collisions with the background gas in the accelerator;
\u2022 electrons created in the extractor and accelerator can impinge on the extraction and acceleration
grids, leading to high power loads on the grids;
\u2022 positive ions are created in the accelerator by ionisation of the background gas by the accelerated
negative ions and the positive ions are back-accelerated into the ion source creating a massive power
load to the ion source;
\u2022 electrons that are co-accelerated with the negative ions can exit the accelerator and deposit power on
various downstream beamline components.
The design of the ITER HNBs is further complicated because ITER is a nuclear installation which
will generate very large fluxes of neutrons and gamma rays. Consequently all the injector components
have to survive in that harsh environment. Additionally the beamline components and theNBcell,
where the beams are housed, will be activated and all maintenance will have to be performed remotely.
This paper describes the design of theHNBinjectors, but not the associated power supplies, cooling
system, cryogenic system etc, or the high voltage bushingwhich separates the vacuum of the beamline
fromthehighpressureSF6 of the high voltage (1MV) transmission line, through which the power, gas and
coolingwater are supplied to the beam source. Also themagnetic field reduction system is not described
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