Properties of agricultural mechanization of the Nevşehir province

Bu araştırmada, Nevşehir ilinin tarımsal mekanizasyon özelliklerine yer verilmiştir. Nevşehir ilinin istatistikselolarak traktör sayısı, biçerdöver sayısı, tarımsal alet-makine sayısı ve tarımsal mekanizasyon düzeyi göstergelerihesaplanarak özetlenmiştir. 2003 ve 2012 yılları verileri sırasıyla; ortalama traktör gücü 36.32 kW ve 36.11 kW,işlenen alana düşen traktör gücü 1.82 kW ha-1ve 1.74 kW ha-1, 1000 ha alana düsen traktör sayısı 50.28ve 48.39adet, 1000 ha alana düşen biçerdöver sayısı 1.23 ve 1.48 adet, bir traktöre düşen işlenen alan 19.88 ve 20.66 ha, birbiçerdövere düşen işlenen alan 811.66 ha ve 673.62 ha olarak belirlenmiştir.In this research, the properties of agricultural mechanization of the Nevsehir province were mentioned. The number of tractors, the number of combine harvester, the number of agricultural equipment-machines and calculated of the indicators of agricultural mechanization indicators in Nevsehir province was statistically summarized. In the data results in2003 and 2012 years, the average tractor power was determined as 36.32 kW and 36.11 kW, tractor power per cultivated area were 1.82 kW ha-1and 1.74 kW ha-1, the number of tractor per 1000 ha was 50.28 and 48.39 units, the number of combine harvester per 1000 ha were 1.23 and 1.48 units, cultivated area for each tractor was 19.88 and 20.66 ha, cultivated area for each combine harvester was 811.66 ha and 673.62 ha, respectively

Agricultural mechanization level of the Kırıkkale province

Bu araştırmada, Kırıkkale ilinin tarımsal mekanizasyon durumu incelenmiştir. Kırıkkale ilinin traktör sayısı, biçerdöver sayısı, tarım alet- ve makine sayıları istatistiki kaynaklara dayanılarak elde edilmiş ve, tarımsalmekanizasyon düzeyi göstergeleri hesaplanarak özetlenmiştir. 2003 ve 2012 yılları verileri sırasıyla; ortalamatraktör gücü 40.41 kW ve 36.74 kW, işlenen alana düşen traktör gücü 0.83 kW ha-1 ve 0.97 kW ha-1, 1000 haalana düşen traktör sayısı 20.55 adet ve 26.39 adet, 1000 ha alana düşen biçerdöver sayısı 1.36 adet ve 1.59 adet,bir traktöre düşen işlenen alan 48.65 ha ve 37.90 ha olarak belirlenmiştir.In this research, the situation of agricultural mechanization of the Kırıkkale Province was mentioned. The number of tractors, the number of combine harvester, agricultural equipment-machines and calculated of agricultural mechanization indicators in Kırıkkale province was statistically summarized. In the data results in 2003 and 2012 years, the average tractor power was determined as 40.41 kWand 36.74 kW, tractor power per cultivated area (ha) were 0.83 kW ha-1 and 0.97 kW ha-1, the number of tractor per 1000 ha 20.55 and 26.39, the number of combine harvester per 1000 ha 1.36 units and 1.59 units, cultivated area for each tractor was 48.65 ha, and 37.90 ha, respectively

Biodiesel production from animal fat-palm oil blend and performance analysis of its effects on a single cylinder diesel engine

Nowadays, the decrease in fossil based energy reserves and their negative impact on the environment have increased the interest in alternative energy sources. Vegetable oils and animal fats are used as alternatives of fuels that are used in diesel engines. High viscosity of vegetable oils and animal fats cause several problems in diesel engines. Methods such as dilution, pyrolysis, and transesterification are utilized to eliminate these problems. In this study, using transesterification method, biodiesel is produced from 30% animal fat 70% palm oil blend which has a substantial potential for being an alternative fuel for diesel engines. The impact of biodiesel on engine performance and exhaust emissions are investigated on a single cylinder, air cooled, pre-combustion chamber diesel engine. Engine performance values of biodiesel are obtained close to those values of diesel fuel. A decrease in CO emission and a slight increase in NO x emission are observed. Following the experimental results, it is concluded that biodiesel produced from 30% animal fat and 70% palm oil could be used as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Moreover, the positive impacts of biodiesel on environment in terms of exhaust emissions also increase its potential of being an alternative fuel. © Sila Science

Fuel properties of biodiesel produced from balci variety oil of safflower (carthamus tinctorious l.)

In this study, the production of biodiesel from the cold pressed oil of safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) of Balci variety grown in Yozgat ecological condition has been carried out. The oil yield of Balci seed and the biodiesel output of the oil were studied in order to know the productivity of the oil. The fuel properties of biodiesel assessed includes, density (15o C), flash point, kinematic viscosity (40o C), cloud point, pour point, freezing point, water content, calorific value, pH and copper strip corrosion. The fuel properties of the biodiesel produced were compared with that of TS EN 14214

Determination of the biodiesel fuel characteristics of poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) seed oil

Haşhaş (Papaver somniferum L.) hem dünyada hem de ülkemizde önemli bir tıbbi bitkidir. Aynı zamanda tohumlarından yağ elde edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Yozgat ekolojik koşullarında yetiştiriciliği yapılan iki haşhaş çeşidinin (TMO-1 ve OFİS 8) tohumlarından soğuk presle elde edilen yağların, Transesterifikasyon yöntemi ile 2 aşamalı olarak üretimi gerçekleştirilerek bazı biyodizel özellikleri tespit edilmiş, standartlara uygunluğu incelenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler TMO-1 ve OFİS 8 çeşitleri için sırasıyla; kinematik viskoziteleri (40°C’de) 4.238, 4.139 mm2 /s; yoğunlukları, 884.46 kg/m3 , 883.82 kg/m3 , parlama noktaları, 169°C, 164°C; su muhtevaları, 425.38 mg/kg, 496.39 mg/kg; bulutlanma noktaları, - 3°C, -7°C; akma noktaları, -7°C, -16°C; donma noktaları, -11°C, -21°C; pH’ları, 7, 6.6; sülfat ve kül miktarları, 0.0095 m/m (%), 0.0110 m/m (%), SFTN, -1°C, -2°C olarak tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen yakıt analiz sonuçlarının EN 14214 ve ASTM D6751 standartlarına uygun olup olmadığı amaçlanmış ve uygunluk gösterdiği görülmüştür. Bu sonuçlara göre haşhaş biyodizelleri B100 ya da daha farklı karışım yakıtların dizel motorlarda kullanılabilecek özelliklere sahip olduğu söylenebilir.Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is an important medicinal plant both in the world and in our country. At the same time, oil is obtained from the seeds. In this study, the oils obtained from the seeds of two poppy cultivars (TMO-1 and OFİS 8) grown in Yozgat ecological conditions were produced by the Transesterification method in 2 stages, some biodiesel properties were determined and their compliance with the standards was examined. The data obtained are for TMO-1 and OFİS 8 cultivars; kinematic viscosities (at 40°C) 4.238, 4.139 mm2 /s; densities, 884.46 kg/m3 , 883.82 kg/m3 , flash points, 169°C, 164°C; water contents, 425.38 mg / kg, 496.39 mg / kg; cloud points, -3°C, -7°C; pour points, -7°C, - 16°C; freezing points, -11 ° C, -21 ° C; their pH is 7, 6.6; sulfate and ash amounts were determined as 0.0095 m/m (%), 0.0110 m/m (%), SFTN, -1°C, -2°C, respectively. It was aimed whether the obtained fuel analysis results comply with EN 14214 and ASTM D6751 standards and it has been seen that they comply. According to these results, it can be said that poppy biodiesels B100 or different blended fuels have properties that can be used in diesel engines

Determination of fuel properties of biodiesel produced from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Dincer species grown in Yozgat province conditions

Bu çalışmada Yozgat ili şartlarında yetiştirilen ülkemiz tescilli aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) çeşitlerinden Dinçer (Dikensiz) çeşidinin tohumlarından ham yağ elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu ham yağdan üretilen biyodizelin analizleri yapılmıştır. Dinçer tohum ham yağ biyodizeli 15C'de ki yoğunluğu (882.97 kg/m3), pH değeri (6), parlama noktası (178oC), bakır şerit korozyon (1a), su içeriği (499.20 mg/kg), ısıl değeri (38.448 MJ/kg), bulutlanma, akma ve donma noktaları sırasıyla (-5.7oC, -12.9oC ve -15.8oC) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Dinçer çeşidinin tohum ham yağının biyodizel üretimi açısından TS EN 14214 standardına uygun olacağı sonucuna varılmıştır.In this study, the crude oil of the seeds of the cv. Dincer (Barbless), grown in conditions of Yozgat province and that belongs to our country registered safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) varieties, was extracted variety. The biodiesel was analyzed that produced from this oil. The fuel properties of Dincer seed crude oil biodiesel determinated such as density at 15oC (882.97 kg/m3), pH value (6), flash point (178oC), copper strip corrosion (1a), water content (499.20 mg/kg), calorific value (38.448 MJ/kg), cloud, pour and freezing points (-5.7oC, -12.9oC and -15.8oC) respectively. Based on obtained results it is concluded that the production of biodiesel from the crude oil which extracted from Dincer seeds is suitable for TS EN 14214 standards