Fabrication of MoS 2/rGo Hybrids as Electrocatalyst for Water Splitting Applications

Environmental degradation and energy constraint are important risks to long-term sustainability in the modern world. Water splitting is a vital approach for environmentally friendly and sustainable energy storage, providing a clean way to produce hydrogen without pollutants. Preparing a catalyst that is active, bifunctional, and durable for water splitting is a difficult task. We addressed the difficulty by creating a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst, MoS2/rGO, with an ideal weight percentage of 5 wt% by a hydrothermal process. The optimized sample showed exceptional electrocatalytic activity, requiring an overpotential of 242 mV and 120 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER). Furthermore, our synthesized catalyst was validated for its exceptional water-splitting capacity, with the optimized sample showing low Tafel slope values of 59 mV dec−1 for HER and 171 mV dec−1 for OER. The significant OER and HER activity seen in the 5 wt% MoS2/rGO hybrid, compared to other hybrids, is due to the many catalytic active sites that aid in charge and electron transport, as well as the synergistic interaction between MoS2 and rGO

Free-Flowing Polymer-Bonded Powder Composition of Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine Using Solvent-Slurry Coating

A number of coating techniques have been used to improve the processability of high explosives. These techniques are typically used for developing compositions, such as boosters and fillers. The most typically used technique is the solvent-slurry coating . Several compositions of polymer-bonded explosives have been industrialized using this technique. The NUPC-6 polymer-bonded powder composition of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine is optimized using the solvent-slurry coating. It involved multiple processes, i.e., preparing a slurry of high explosives in an aqueous phase, dissolving the modified polymer binder in an organic solvent, maintaining both the solvent and slurry at controlled temperatures, introducing polymer binder solution and ingredients in the slurry, distilling the solvent, mixing contents homogeneously, filtering the polymer-coated hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine composition, and drying in a vacuum oven. The phlegmatizing and hydrophobic agents enhance flowability and hydrophobicity. The mass flow rate, bulk density, tapped density, compressibility index, and Hausner ratio are determined to evaluate its flowability during filling operations. The results show that the composition is flowable using a filling funnel, with a 150 mm upper diameter, 25 mm flow diameter, and 136 mm total funnel height. The raw polymer binder was modified using diisooctylsebacate and SAE-10 oil. The additives in the composition enhance its flowability, and it might be used in underwater applications

Biogas upgrading with novel cellulose nano-crystals and polyvinyl amine nanocomposite membranes

A novel crystalline nano cellulose (CNC) and polyvinyl amine (PVAm) based nanocomposite membranes were synthesized and evaluated for biogas upgrading. Different concentrations of CNC was incorporated in 3 wt % PVAm solution on commercial polysulfone (PSf) sheet using dip coating method. The effect of feed pressure (5, 10 and 15 bar) was investigated for the CO2/CH4 separation. The incorporation of CNC increased the crystallinity of membranes. The thickness of selective layer enhanced to 2.16 μm from 1.5 μm with increasing concentration of CNC. However, degree of swelling reduced from 75.88% to 68.93 with CNC concentration at 1.5 wt%. The best results were shown by PVAm membrane with 1 wt % CNC concentration i.e. CO2 permeance of 0.0216 m3(STP)/m2.bar.hr and selectivity (CO2/CH4) of 41.The permeance decreased approximately 1.8 folds for PVAm/1CNC membrane with the increase in pressure from 5 to 15 bar. However, selectivity dropped from 41 to 39 for formulated membranes

Anaesthetic Practices and Maternal Outcome in Rising Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective: This study was carried out to determine whether the rate of abnormal placentation is increasing in concurrence with the cesarean section and to assess risk factors and outcomes with multidisciplinary team interventions and anesthetic practices. Study design: Prospective cohort study. Material & Methods: A study was conducted in the department of anaesthesia from January 2014 to December 2017. All candidates under the spectrum of placenta accreta were observed for maternal age, parity, mode of anesthesia, blood loss, and outcome. Results: Out of 109 patients, the preoperative diagnosis of PAS was made up of 100 (91.74%) and intraoperative diagnosis of 9 (08. 26%) patients. According to the mode of anesthesia, 100 (91.74%) patients received GA, and 09 (08.26%) patients received spinal anesthesia. In 06 (05.49%) patients, spinal was converted to GA. Perioperative CPR was done in 05 (04.58%) cases. Out of 109 cases, 83 survived uneventfully, and 21 developed complications. 05 patients expired in the following days. (01 immediately postoperative period, 02 in 1st 24 hours and 02 in 1st 48 hours. Conclusion The rate of placenta accreta increased in conjunction with cesarean deliveries; the most important risk factors were previous cesarean delivery, placenta previa, and advanced maternal age and outcomes improved in a multidisciplinary team intervention

ROLE OF EXERCISES AND DIETARY INTAKE AS AN INTERVENTION IN WEIGHT REDUCTION

Background: Obesity is now so common within the world’s population that it is beginning to replace under nutrition and infectious disease as the most significant contributor to ill health. Exercise plays significance role with dietary control in weight reduction. The aim of our study is to find out the efficacy of weight reduction interventions and role of exercise. Methods: The study was conducted on 60 participants, subjects or participants were randomly divided. It is an experimental study which was completed in the duration of about six months. The study was based on two groups that are group A (exercise plus dietary) and group B (only dietary) consisting of sixty participants after filling the consent form. Result: Result shows out of these sixty only fifty eight participants completed the study and were observed for four months. Is has been found comparable weight loss relatively fewer in the dietary group Body weight before (80.1±2.7) after (78.1±2.5)and BMI before (32±2) after (30±2) it shows significant results but less significant than group A body weight which was before(78.6±2.6) after(64.0±2.3) and BMI before (33±1) after (39±1). Therefore the results shows that the group A shows more significant outcomes as compare to the other group included in the study. Conclusion: The results shows that (exercise plus dietary) more significant outcomes as compare to the other group included in the study Keywords: Anne Collins, weight reduction, exercises plus dietary, dietary, BMI and body weight

Highly porous interconnected MoP decorated graphene oxide as remarkably efficient electrocatalyst

Hydrogen (H2) production through water splitting has less viable applications due to the unfavourable kinetics of the reaction. Electrocatalysts with a robust structure, high levels of catalytic activity, and a high degree of stability are in high demand but challenging. This paper reports the synthesis of highly porous interconnected molybdenum phosphide (MoP) assembled with graphene oxide (GO) to form MoP/RGO hybrid electrocatalysts in a novel phosphorization process at a reasonably low temperature under an argon (Ar) atmosphere by a mixing and heat-treating method for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Bifunctional MoP anchored on reduced graphene oxide (MoP/RGO) porous structures exhibited extra permeability for ion and electrolyte transport. An efficient MoP/RGO-based electrocatalyst exhibited brilliant electrocatalytic performance, having HER overpotential of 96 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 with a low Tafel slope of 64 mV/dec in an alkaline solution. The effectiveness of an optimised electrocatalyst indicates significant HER activity for all intermediate chemical reactions. A highly efficient electrocatalyst also exhibited long-term stability with a minor potential decrease over 24 h. RGO shows great potential as a material possessing remarkable strength in the context of high temperature phosphorization. It effectively hinders particle agglomeration, enhances catalyst conductivity, and ultimately betters both the performance and durability of an electrocatalyst in HER applications

Biomimetic highly hydrophobic stearic acid functionalized MOF sponge for efficient oil/water separation

The field of oil/water separation has become a global concern with increase in oil/water pollution. Fabrication of highly hydrophobic surfaces by bio mimicking the ‘Lotus effect’ is turning out to be an area of active research in this regard. In current work ZIF-8 functionalized, stearic acid functionalized and composite, incorporation ZIF-8 and stearic acid in different deposition sequences, functionalized hydrophobic sponges were fabricated by changing the surface roughness and surface chemistry. The prepared sponges were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy and sessile drop technique to conform the prerequisite of ‘lotus effect’. The important parameters i.e. water contact angle, oil absorption capacity and reusability of all prepared sponges were compared and it was found that the composite sponge that have first layer of ZIF-8 followed by second layer of stearic acid (S1Z8S) well inherited all properties of its parent components, showed high hydrophobicity with water contact angle of 140.8° and high absorption capacity for different oils/organic solvents ranging from 30.26 to 115.35 times its own weight as compared to other sponge samples and the this value of absorption capacity remained constant for 10 absorption/desorption cycles. Furthermore, it was found that coating another layer of stearic acid (S1S1Z8S) on this hydrophobic sponge increases hydrophobicity to 143.2° because of increase in surface micro-bumps but decreases oil absorption capacity. Being a three in one package with high hydrophobicity, high oil absorption capacity and excellent reusability S1Z8S can be an optimum candidate for large scale practical applications