Triglyceride-glucose index levels in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and the relationship with endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance

Introduction: The risk of cardiometabolic diseases is increased in patients with hypogonadism. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a novel surrogate marker of insulin resistance and is associated with cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the TyG index levels and the relationship with endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance in patients with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH). Material and methods: A total of 98 patients with CHH (mean age 21.66 ± 1.99 years) and 98 healthy control subjects (mean age 21.69 ± 1.21 years) were enrolled. The demographic parameters, TyG index, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels were measured for all participants. Results: The patients had higher waist circumference (p < 0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.001), insulin (p = 0.003), HOMA-IR (p = 0.002), ADMA (p < 0.001), and TyG index (p < 0.001) levels and lower HDL-C (p = 0.044) and total testosterone (p < 0.001) levels compared to healthy control subjects. TyG index levels significantly correlated with the ADMA (r = 0.31, p = 0.003) and HOMA-IR (r = 0.32, p < 0.001) levels. TyG index was also determinant of HOMA-IR levels (ß = 0.20, p = 0.018). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that patients with CHH had increased TyG index levels. Also, the TyG index is independently associated with insulin resistance in patients with CHH. Long-term follow-up studies are warranted to find out the role of the TyG index in determining cardiometabolic risk in patients with hypogonadism.

Disseminated Cytomegalovirus Infection and Protein Losing Enteropathy as Presenting Feature of Pediatric Patient with Crohn’s Disease

We report a pediatric patient admitted with abdominal pain, diffuse lower extremity edema and watery diarrhea for two months. Laboratory findings including complete blood count, serum albumin, lipid and immunoglobulin levels were compatible with protein losing enteropathy. Colonoscopic examination revealed diffuse ulcers with smooth raised edge (like "punched out holes") in the colon and terminal ileum. Histopathological examination showed active colitis, ulcerations and inclusion bodies. Immunostaining for cytomegalovirus was positive. Despite supportive man-agement, antiviral therapy, the clinical condition of the patient worsened and developed disseminated cytomegalovi-rus infection and the patient died. Protein losing enteropathy and disseminated cytomegalovirus infection a present-ing of feature in steroid-naive patient with inflammatory bowel disease is very rare. Hypogammaglobulinemia asso-ciated with protein losing enteropathy in Crohn's disease may predispose the cytomegalovirus infection in previously healthy children.We report a pediatric patient admitted with abdominal pain, diffuse lower extremity edema and watery diarrhea for two months. Laboratory findings including complete blood count, serum albumin, lipid and immunoglobulin levels were compatible with protein losing enteropathy. Colonoscopic examination revealed diffuse ulcers with smooth raised edge (like "punched out holes") in the colon and terminal ileum. Histopathological examination showed active colitis, ulcerations and inclusion bodies. Immunostaining for cytomegalovirus was positive. Despite supportive man-agement, antiviral therapy, the clinical condition of the patient worsened and developed disseminated cytomegalovi-rus infection and the patient died. Protein losing enteropathy and disseminated cytomegalovirus infection a present-ing of feature in steroid-naive patient with inflammatory bowel disease is very rare. Hypogammaglobulinemia asso-ciated with protein losing enteropathy in Crohn's disease may predispose the cytomegalovirus infection in previously healthy children

Verruca vulgaris of the tongue: a case report with a literature review

Verruca vulgaris (common warts) is a benign lesion of skin and mucous membranes caused by human papillomovirus (HPV). The lesions are typically self-limited but may vary in size and number. The occurrence on the tongue is extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, only one verruca vulgaris existing in the tongue had been reported in the literature. Case presentation: A rare case of verruca vulgaris of the tongue occurring in a 36-year-old Caucasian male is presented with a discussion on ethiopathogenesis and the treatment methods. Verruca vulgaris must be remembered in the differential diagnosis of tongue lesions and surgical treatment may provide satisfactory outcomes

Cost comparison and efficiency modeling in the electrodialysis of brine

1st EuorMed Conference on Desalination Strategies inSouth Mediterranean Countries -- SEP 11-13, 2000 -- JERBA, TUNISIAWOS: 000168863700037The separation performance of Na+ ions from NaCl solution has been investigated by electrodialysis at constant voltage mode of operation. TS-1-10 electrodialysis equipment (Tokuyama) modified with rotameters was employed in experimental studies. During an unsteady-state run of the ED system, both inlet and outlet concentrations of both concentrate and dilute streams were measured at time intervals of 5 min until the current drops to less than 0.01 A. The effects of parameters such as electrical potential, applied (DC) and flow rate of streams on the performance of separation were observed. The efficiencies of each run were evaluated as specific power consumption with the electrical energy consumed only in stack, Current efficiency was represented as a function of flow rate, which is based upon the mass transfer coefficient. The model proposed was in very good agreement at all flow rates at low potential applied, however, at the highest flow rate at other potentials, small deviations were found.Lab Therm Ind Ecold Natl Igeniuers Tunis, European Desalinat So

Characteristics of patients with hypertension in a population with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results from the Turkish Nationwide SurvEy of Glycemic and Other Metabolic Parameters of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (TEMD Hypertension Study)

Background: The present survey aimed to find out the demographical and clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension in a population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Turkey

Prevalence of cervical cytological abnormalities in Turkey

Objective: To evaluate retrospectively the prevalence of cervical cytological abnormalities in patient records obtained from healthcare centers in Turkey. Method: Demographic characteristics and data on cervical cytological abnormalities were evaluated from patients who underwent flap tests in healthcare centers in 2007. Results: Data were collected from 33 healthcare centers totaling 140 334 patients. Overall, the prevalence of cervical cytological abnormalities was 1.8%; the prevalence of ASCUS, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL, and AGC was 1.07%, 0.07%, 0.3%, 0.17%, and 0.08%, respectively. The prevalence of preinvasive cervical neoplasia was 1.7% and the prevalence of cytologically diagnosed invasive neoplasia was 0.06%. Conclusion: The abnormal cervical cytological prevalence rate in Turkey is lower than in Europe and North America. This might be due to sociocultural differences, lack of population-based screening programs, or a lower HPV prevalence rate in Turkey. (C) 2009 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved