325 research outputs found
What Types of Perceived Governance Indicators Matter the Most for Private Investment in Middle East and North Africa
By using a simultaneous equations model, this paper establishes that the perceived quality of governance, which is measured by three different indicators ââŹĹQuality of AdministrationââŹ, ââŹĹPublic Accountabilityâ⏠and ââŹĹPolitical StabilityââŹ, has a positive effect on the private investment decisions in the developing countries. Our model allows us to point out the fact that the mechanisms through which each type of indicator affects private investment are different. In addition to our primary result we also show that Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region could have attained a better private investment performance if it had reached a more advanced level of perceived institutions in last two decades. The low level of public accountability, among other governance deficiencies, was predominantly responsible for the deficiency in private investment in MENA.
What Types of Perceived Governance Indicators Matter the Most for Private Investment in Middle East and North Africa
By using a simultaneous equations model, this paper establishes that the perceived quality of governance, which is measured by three different indicators âQuality of Administrationâ, âPublic Accountabilityâ and âPolitical Stabilityâ, has a positive effect on the private investment decisions in the developing countries. Our model allows us to point out the fact that the mechanisms through which each type of indicator affects private investment are different. In addition to our primary result we also show that Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region could have attained a better private investment performance if it had reached a more advanced level of perceived institutions in last two decades. The low level of public accountability, among other governance deficiencies, was predominantly responsible for the deficiency in private investment in MENA.cerdi
What Types of Perceived Governance Indicators Matter the Most for Private Investment in Middle East and North Africa
By using a simultaneous equations model, this paper establishes that the perceived quality of governance, which is measured by three different indicators âQuality of Administrationâ, âPublic Accountabilityâ and âPolitical Stabilityâ, has a positive effect on the private investment decisions in the developing countries. Our model allows us to point out the fact that the mechanisms through which each type of indicator affects private investment are different. In addition to our primary result we also show that Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region could have attained a better private investment performance if it had reached a more advanced level of perceived institutions in last two decades. The low level of public accountability, among other governance deficiencies, was predominantly responsible for the deficiency in private investment in MENA.
What Types of Perceived Governance Indicators Matter the Most for Private Investment in Middle East and North Africa
An exploratory view of the foundations of foreign trade entrepreneurship
This study aims to reveal the foreign trade entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial tendency in the context of economic nationalism which expresses a protective approach in terms of foreign trade policy which is one of the main components of the policy of economics. The study was designed as a single case study from qualitative research designs. The sample of the study consists of foreign trade entrepreneurs who have been in foreign trade for at least five years and who are in the industry as a producer/manufacturer. In the study, the semi-structured interview technique was used for the data gathering process. A purposeful sampling technique was used in order to determine enterprises and individuals to conduct interviews. The findings of the data analysis showed that the foreign trade policy adopted by the individual is the basis of the commercial activity. The result of the study was examined in two dimensions as âforeign trade entrepreneurshipâ and âinternational entrepreneurshipâ. It shows that the companies are predominantly foreign trade entrepreneurs in the context of evaluating the income obtained from abroad, benefiting from incentives, future targets, opportunities and threats of foreign commercial activities. For this reason, the finding obtained reveals that the firms subject to the study are mainly economically nationalist. Considering this, it is suggested to support foreign trade entrepreneurs, who act mainly with an economically nationalist motivation, to find new market opportunities abroad, to increase the government incentives for bringing the foreign currency revenues to the country and to facilitate the access of companies to them
Investigation of equilibrium, kinetic, thermodynamic and mechanism of basic blue 16 adsorption by montmorillonitic clay
The adsorption of a cationic dye, Basic Blue 16
(BB16), by montmorillonitic clay was studied in detail.
Changes in the molecular structure during adsorption were
analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. BB16 adsorption onto the
clay mainly results from hydrogen bonding between OH
and NH
groups of dye molecules and OH groups of clay
and electrostatic interaction between the negatively
charged clay surface and cationic dye. The montmorillonitic
clay dose had an inverse effect on the adsorption performance,
while the highest dye removal was 305 mg/g at
pH 3.6. An increase in temperature and dye concentration
positively enhanced the adsorption capacity of the montmorillonitic
clay. Temperature had no effect on the
adsorption at a dye concentration less than 500 mg/L,
while dye adsorption was positively enhanced at elevated
dye concentrations. Three-parameter equations provided
higher better ďŹtting than two-parameter equations while the
Freundlich model had the highest correlation coefďŹcient
and the lowest error values with experimental data. The
BB16 adsorption was well followed by pseudo-second
order model and the rate of adsorption process was controlled
by surface and intraparticle diffusion. Thermodynamic
evaluations revealed that the adsorption process was
spontaneous and endothermic, while the randomness
increased during adsorption. Experimental results indicate
that montmorillonitic clay from Eskisehir is a promising
adsorbent for the removal of cationic dye molecules from
aqueous solutions.TUBITAK /109Y16
What Types of Perceived Governance Indicators Matter the Most for Private Investment in Middle East and North Africa
By using a simultaneous equations model, this paper establishes that the perceived quality of governance, which is measured by three different indicators âQuality of Administrationâ, âPublic Accountabilityâ and âPolitical Stabilityâ, has a positive effect on the private investment decisions in the developing countries. Our model allows us to point out the fact that the mechanisms through which each type of indicator affects private investment are different. In addition to our primary result we also show that Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region could have attained a better private investment performance if it had reached a more advanced level of perceived institutions in last two decades. The low level of public accountability, among other governance deficiencies, was predominantly responsible for the deficiency in private investment in MENA
Determination of equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of Acid Red 88 adsorption onto montmorillonitic clay
The aim of this study is to evaluate adsorption kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic parameters of anionic textile dye (Acid
Red 88) onto montmorillonitic clay from aqueous solutions. The parameters of pH, initial dye concentrations, temperature, and
the adsorbent dosage were investigated experimentally. Four kinetic models including pseudo-second order, pseudo-n
order,
Banghamâs equation and double exponential equation (DEE) were selected to follow the adsorption process. The dynamic data
were fitted the DEE well and also followed the pseudo-n
th
order model. The adsorption data obtained were well described by the
Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 588 mg/g at 20
o
C. Thermodynamic parameters
such as activation energy (E
a
), Gibbs free energy (ÎG
0
), enthalpy (ÎH
0
) and entropy (ÎS
0
) were also evaluated. The negative
value of change in Gibbs free energy indicates that adsorption of AR88 on montmorillonitic clay is spontaneous. The anionic dye
molecules can be adsorbed on montmorillonitic clay particles, even when their surface charge (or zeta potential) is negative.
Interactions leading to adsorption of anionic dyes (AR88) onto the clay may cause from the following mechanisms: hydrogen
bonding, electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic interaction, anion exchange and dye-dye interactions. The results show that
montmorillonitic clay could be employed as low-cost material for the removal of acid dyes from textile effluents.
thTĂBÄ°TAK / 109Y16
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