Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: Setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others.Fil: Pereira Boeger, Walter Antonio. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Valim, Michel P.. Universidade Salgado de Oliveira (universo); BrasilFil: Zaher, Hussam. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Rafael, José A.. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Forzza, Rafaela C.. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade; BrasilFil: Reis Percequillo, Alexandre. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Serejo, Cristiana S.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Garraffoni, André R.S.. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; BrasilFil: Santos, Adalberto J.. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; BrasilFil: Slipinski, Adam. Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation (csiro);Fil: Londoño Burbano, Alejandro. Fundación Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Santos, Allan P.M.. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Margaría, Cecilia B.. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Digiani, Maria Celina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Aquino, Daniel Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Contreras, Eugenia Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Biología de la Altura; ArgentinaFil: Gallardo, Fabiana Soledad. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Agrain, Federico Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; ArgentinaFil: Falcao Salles, Frederico. Universidade Federal de Viçosa.; BrasilFil: Flores, Gustavo Ernesto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas; ArgentinaFil: Dellapé, Pablo Matías. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Johnsson, Rodrigo. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Duarte Simoes, Tacio Vitor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagóica. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia "San Juan Bosco". Facultad de Ciencias Naturales - Sede Esquel. Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica; ArgentinaFil: Porto, Tiago J.. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Colombo,Wesley D.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; BrasilFil: Tomaszewska, Wioletta. No especifíca;Fil: Ovando, Ximena Maria Constanza. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Wosiacki, Wolmar B.. No especifíca;Fil: Leite,Yuri L.R.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Brasi

The impact on quality of service when using security-enabling filters to provide for the security of run-time extensible virtual environments

This thesis done in cooperation with the MOVES InstituteThe Naval Postgraduate School is developing NPSNET-V, a Run-Time Extensible Virtual Environment (RTEVE) framework. RTEVEs differ from traditional VEs in that applications within the environment can both discover and use new object types and behaviors at runtime. As the use of this technology has become more valuable to organizations, the need for adequate security has arisen, particularly for sensitive military and commercial applications. The level of security measures employed by these applications must be weighed against their impact on Quality of Service (QOS). To address RTEVE security issues, we developed a taxonomy identifying twenty-five information assurance (IA) areas within RTEVEs. We then designed and implemented a Security Management System for NPSNET-V (NSMS) that provided security through the use of three communications filters that provide for encryption, sequencing verification, and integrity. This design addressed four of the twenty-five areas identified in the taxonomy: component authentication; and communications confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. Analysis of the encryption, sequencing, and integrity filters indicates that their use introduces a negligible delay of 0.111 milliseconds for a 156 byte data packet, at the cost in packet size increase of 41 bytes; this indicates the technical feasibility of RTEVE data packet security at minimal cost to QOS.http://archive.org/details/theimpactonquali109454547Lieutenant Commander, United States NavyApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

Security of Runtime Extensible Virtual Environments

Distributed, real-time virtual environment (VE) architectures have traditionally been driven by quality of service (QOS) considerations, with little or no concern paid to security issues. With recent advancements in functionality, computing power and network bandwidth it has become practical to use VEs in sensitive areas such as product development with proprietary information and visualization of classified information. Consequently, previously ignored aspects of security need to be made a primary concern at the outset of designing a VE. In this paper we explore security concerns associated with a subtype of VEs: Runtime Extensible VEs (RTEVEs). We introduce a taxonomy of security issues, derived from a case study of NPSNET-V, with the goal of using this taxonomy to guide the formulation of security policy, requirements, and architectures for RTEVEs

A standardized nomenclature and atlas of the male terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster

International audienceAnimal terminalia represent some of the most diverse and rapidly evolving structures in the animal kingdom, and for this reason have been a mainstay in the taxonomic description of species. The terminalia of Drosophila melanogaster, with its wide range of experimental tools, have recently become the focus of increased interest in the fields of development, evolution, and behavior. However, studies from different disciplines have often used discrepant terminologies for the same anatomical structures. Consequently, the terminology of genital parts has become a barrier to integrating results from different fields, rendering it difficult to determine what parts are being referenced. We formed a consortium of researchers studying the genitalia of D. melanogaster to help establish a set of naming conventions. Here, we present a detailed visual anatomy of male genital parts, including a list of synonymous terms, and suggest practices to avoid confusion when referring to anatomical parts in future studies. The goal of this effort is to facilitate interdisciplinary communication and help newcomers orient themselves within the exciting field of Drosophila genitalia. ARTICLE HISTOR