Models Fitting to Pattern Recognition in Hyperspectral Images

Worldwide, the concern on food safety, for example, on agriculture products, has become a topic with huge relevance. Nowadays, hyperspectral imaging systems for rapid detection of dangerous agents have emerged in response to these needs. In this research project, we proposed a new algorithm for Salmonella typhimurium detection on tomato surfaces in visible range (400–1000 nm). Gaussian model was used as a way to take out a model that could be calculated its definite integral; the final result of this algorithm is the area under curve (AUC), which gives a quantitative approach of spectral signatures. Three doses (5, 10, and 15 μL) and a control response (0 μL) were spread out on 20 tomatoes’ surface. Subsequently, it was observed that some decrease responses with higher dose; also, numerically this pattern was seen with the help of AUC value. As a last step, a single factor analysis of variance showed no significance due to doses. Despite this outcome, the algorithm provides to be a good methodology for pathogen detection

A Piezoelectric Plethysmograph Sensor Based on a Pt Wire Implanted Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate Bulk Ceramic

This work reports on the development of a Lead Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate (PLZT) bulk ferroelectric poled ceramic structure as a Piezoelectric Plethysmograph (PZPG) sensor. The ceramic was implanted during its fabrication with a platinum (Pt) wire which works as an internal electrode. The ceramic was then submitted to an experimental setup in order to validate and determine the Pt-wire mechanical effects. This PZPG sensor was also mounted on a finger splint in order to measure the blood flow that results from the pulsations of blood occurring with each heartbeat. Fingertip pulses were recorded jointly with an ECG signal from a 25 year old male to compare the time shift; the PZPG sensor guarantees the electrical isolation of the patient. The proposed PZPG has several advantages: it can be adjusted for fingertip measurements, but it can easily be extended by means of spare bands, therefore making possible PZPG measurements from different body locations, e.g., forehead, forearm, knee, neck, etc

Patrones de distribución espacial del arbolado en un bosque mixto de pino-encino del noreste de México

En este estudio se aborda la caracterización de los patrones de distribución espacial del arbolado en un bosque mixto del noreste de México.Se empleó un análisis de patrón de puntos para evaluar mezcla de especies, diferenciación dimensional y patrones de agregación. Los datos seobtuvieron de 2 parcelas de una hectárea cada una. Se registraron azimut y distancia para cada árbol, especie, altura y diámetro. La informaciónse analizó por parcela y por grupos, correspondientes a los géneros más abundantes (Pinus, Quercus y Juniperus). Los resultados indican unadistribución aleatoria con la prueba de uniformidad de ángulos (Wi), en general y para ambas parcelas. El grado de mezcla de especies (Mi) muestraque en promedio la especie referencia tiene vecinos de diferente especie, la diferenciación dimensional (TDi) indica diferencias de moderadas aclaras en el análisis general. Las diferencias se manifestaron en la dominancia dimensional (UDi) por género para ambas parcelas, lo cual evidencióla influencia de un régimen local de incendios. El análisis de la estructura y dinámica espacial en bosques mixtos, mediante análisis generalizadosy específicos, brinda un panorama detallado sobre el comportamiento del bosque, cuyos resultados se pueden asociar al estudio de perturbaciones.© 2017 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología. Este es un artículo Open Access bajo la licencia CC BY-NC-ND(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize the tree spatial structure patterns of the mixed pine-oak forest in the northeast part of Mexico. Apoint pattern analysis was conducted in order to evaluate the following indices: aggregation index, mingling species index, dimensional (dbh andheight) index and dominance index. The data were collected from 2 stands of 1 ha each. The variables obtained for all trees were: Azimuth anddistance of each tree to the center of the stand, DBH, species, and height. The data were analyzed for each stand and also as a groups correspondingto the most abundant genera in the stands: (Pinus, Quercus, and Juniperus). The results show that according to the aggregation index (Wi) bothstands presents a random distribution, the mingling species (Mi) shows a higher mixture at both stands and the dimensional index shows moderatedifferences in DBH and height in both stands. The main differences were found using the dominance index (Ui) based on the groups; by this meansa particular and local fire regime was identified for the area. The use of spatial analysis and the quantification of stand structure help to depict adetailed status of the forest and also the effects of disturbance on the forests.© 2017 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Biología. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

SPASMOLYTIC, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SALVIA GESNERIFLORA LINDLEY

Background: Salvia gesneriflora Lindley is employed in traditional Mexican medicine for the treatment of several diseases. Materials and Methods: The chromatographic profile of three extracts (SgH, SgD and SgM) of this plant allowed the identification of 11 components in SgH, the presence of rosmarinic (1), chlorogenic (2) and caffeic (3) acids and quercetin glucoside (4) in SgM and of ursolic acid (5) in SgD. The spasmolytic (electrically induced contractions of guinea-pig ileum), anti-inflammatory (edema in mouse ear) and antioxidant potential (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays) of the extracts were evaluated. Results: SgM showed the highest percentage of relaxation (80.67 ± 1.633%) with no significant difference (

Green metallic nanoparticles for cancer therapy: evaluation models and cancer applications

Metal-based nanoparticles are widely used to deliver bioactive molecules and drugs to improve cancer therapy. Several research works have highlighted the synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles by green chemistry, using biological entities to minimize the use of solvents and control their physicochemical and biological properties. Recent advances in evaluating the anticancer effect of green biogenic Au and Ag nanoparticles are mainly focused on the use of conventional 2D cell culture and in vivo murine models that allow determination of the half-maximal inhibitory concentration, a critical parameter to move forward clinical trials. However, the interaction between nanoparticles and the tumor microenvironment is not yet fully understood. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more human-like evaluation models or to improve the existing ones for a better understanding of the molecular bases of cancer. This review provides recent advances in biosynthesized Au and Ag nanoparticles for seven of the most common and relevant cancers and their biological assessment. In addition, it provides a general idea of the in silico, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models used for the anticancer evaluation of green biogenic metal-based nanoparticles.Peer ReviewedObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::8 - Treball Decent i Creixement EconòmicObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::16 - Pau, Justícia i Institucions SòlidesObjectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::4 - Educació de QualitatPostprint (published version